1.上传三个安装包
esl-erlang_17.3-1~centos~6_amd64.rpm
esl-erlang-compat-R14B-1.el6.noarch.rpm
rabbitmq-server-3.4.1-1.noarch.rpm
依次安装,前两个需要联网,最后一个本地安装
yum -y install esl-erlang_17.3-1~centos~6_amd64.rpm
yum -y install esl-erlang-compat-R14B-1.el6.noarch.rpm
rpm -ivh rabbitmq-server-3.4.1-1.noarch.rpm
2.配置
将配置文件模板复制到etc目录并编辑
cp /usr/share/doc/rabbitmq-server-3.4.1/rabbitmq.config.example /etc/rabbitmq/rabbitmq.config
vim /etc/rabbitmq/rabbitmq.config
修改某行loopback,注意去掉最后的逗号和前面的%注释
{loopback_users, []}
设置开机启动
chkconfig rabbitmq-server on
开启web管理页面并启动
rabbitmq-plugins enable rabbitmq_management
service rabbitmq-server start
然后在主机中通过地址:http://192.168.56.101:15672即可访问到管理界面,默认用户名密码都是guest
3.Docker配置
// 启动docker
systemctl start docker
// 下载docker镜像
docker pull rabbitmq:management
// 创建docker容器
docker run -di --name=name_rabbitmq -p 5671:5671 -p 5672:5672 -p 4369:4369 -p 15671:15671 -p 15672:15672 -p 25672:25672 rabbitmq:management
浏览器即可访问http://192.168.xxx.xxx:15672
4.使用说明
SpringMVC导包情况:
<!-- RabbitMQ -->
<dependency>
<groupId>com.rabbitmq</groupId>
<artifactId>amqp-client</artifactId>
<version>3.5.1</version>
</dependency>
<dependency>
<groupId>org.springframework.amqp</groupId>
<artifactId>spring-rabbit</artifactId>
<version>1.4.5.RELEASE</version>
</dependency>
配置文件
mq.host=127.0.0.1
mq.username=queue
mq.password=1234
mq.port=8001
# 统一XML配置中易变部分的命名
mq.queue=test_mq
Spring整合RabbitMQ配置文件
<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<beans xmlns="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans"
xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"
xmlns:context="http://www.springframework.org/schema/context"
xmlns:util="http://www.springframework.org/schema/util"
xmlns:aop="http://www.springframework.org/schema/aop"
xmlns:tx="http://www.springframework.org/schema/tx"
xmlns:rabbit="http://www.springframework.org/schema/rabbit"
xmlns:p="http://www.springframework.org/schema/p"
xsi:schemaLocation="
http://www.springframework.org/schema/context
http://www.springframework.org/schema/context/spring-context-3.0.xsd
http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans
http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans/spring-beans-3.0.xsd
http://www.springframework.org/schema/util
http://www.springframework.org/schema/util/spring-util-3.0.xsd
http://www.springframework.org/schema/aop
http://www.springframework.org/schema/aop/spring-aop-3.0.xsd
http://www.springframework.org/schema/tx
http://www.springframework.org/schema/tx/spring-tx-3.0.xsd
http://www.springframework.org/schema/rabbit
http://www.springframework.org/schema/rabbit/spring-rabbit-1.0.xsd">
<!-- 引入配置文件 -->
<context:property-placeholder location="classpath:application.properties"/>
<util:properties id="appConfig" location="classpath:application.properties"></util:properties>
<!-- RabbitMQ start -->
<!-- 连接配置 -->
<rabbit:connection-factory id="connectionFactory" host="${mq.host}" username="${mq.username}"
password="${mq.password}" port="${mq.port}" />
<rabbit:admin connection-factory="connectionFactory"/>
<!-- 消息队列客户端 -->
<rabbit:template id="amqpTemplate" exchange="${mq.queue}_exchange" connection-factory="connectionFactory" />
<!-- queue 队列声明 -->
<!--
durable 是否持久化
exclusive 仅创建者可以使用的私有队列,断开后自动删除
auto-delete 当所有消费端连接断开后,是否自动删除队列 -->
<rabbit:queue id="test_queue" name="${mq.queue}_testQueue" durable="true" auto-delete="false" exclusive="false" />
<!-- 交换机定义 -->
<!--
交换机:一个交换机可以绑定多个队列,一个队列也可以绑定到多个交换机上。
如果没有队列绑定到交换机上,则发送到该交换机上的信息则会丢失。
direct模式:消息与一个特定的路由器完全匹配,才会转发
topic模式:按模式匹配
-->
<rabbit:topic-exchange name="${mq.queue}_exchange" durable="true" auto-delete="false">
<rabbit:bindings>
<!-- 设置消息Queue匹配的pattern (direct模式为key) -->
<rabbit:binding queue="test_queue" pattern="${mq.queue}_patt"/>
</rabbit:bindings>
</rabbit:topic-exchange>
<bean name="rabbitmqService" class="com.enh.mq.RabbitmqService"></bean>
<!-- 配置监听 消费者 -->
<rabbit:listener-container connection-factory="connectionFactory" acknowledge="auto">
<!--
queues 监听队列,多个用逗号分隔
ref 监听器 -->
<rabbit:listener queues="test_queue" ref="rabbitmqService"/>
</rabbit:listener-container>
</beans>
简单操作:
// 生产者
@Service
public class Producer {
@Autowired
private AmqpTemplate amqpTemplate;
public void sendQueue(String exchange_key, String queue_key, Object object) {
// convertAndSend 将Java对象转换为消息发送至匹配key的交换机中Exchange
amqpTemplate.convertAndSend(exchange_key, queue_key, object);
}
}
// 消费者
public class RabbitmqService implements MessageListener {
public void onMessage(Message message) {
System.out.println("消息消费者 = " + message.toString());
}
}
Controller使用生产者发送消息给消费者
@Autowired
private Producer producer;
@Value("#{appConfig['mq.queue']}")
private String queueId;
@ResponseBody
@RequestMapping("/sendQueue")
public String testQueue() {
try {
Map<String, Object> map = new HashMap<String, Object>();
map.put("data", "hello rabbitmq");
// 注意:第二个属性是 Queue 与 交换机绑定的路由
producer.sendQueue(queueId + "_exchange", queueId + "_patt", map);
} catch (Exception e) {
e.printStackTrace();
}
return "发送完毕";
}
SpringBoot导包情况:
<dependency>
<groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
<artifactId>spring-boot-starter-amqp</artifactId>
<version>2.0.4.RELEASE</version>
</dependency>
修改配置文件
server:
port: 8080
spring:
rabbitmq:
host: 127.0.0.1
username: guest
password: guest
virtual-host: /
# 以下mq配置只在生产者中配置,在消费者中不用配置
template: # 定义一些模板,这里是因为下面生产者启动了重试机制,所以定义了重试retry的参数
retry:
enabled: true
initial-interval: 10000ms # 第一次失败后重试时间是10s
max-interval: 30000ms # 最大重试时间为30s,也就是超过30s的重试周期认为生产失败了
multiplier: 2 # 重试周期倍数是2,即第二次失败后等10*2=20s重试,第三次失败等30s重试
exchange: project.item.exchange # 默认交换机,在代码中不配就使用这个交换机
publisher-confirms: true
生产者示例:
@RunWith(SpringRunner.class)
@SpringBootTest
public class Producer {
@Autowired
private RabbitTemplate rabbitTemplate;
@Test
public void sendMsg() {
rabbitTemplate.convertAndSend("item.insert", "direct");
}
}
消费者示例:
@Component
public class Consumer {
/**
* 有了注解中的声明,如果queue不存在,则会自动建立
* value绑定了队列,exchange绑定了交换机,key绑定了RoutingKey
* @param msg
*/
@RabbitListener(bindings = @QueueBinding(
value = @Queue(value = "item.insert.queue", durable = "true"),
exchange = @Exchange(value = "project.item.exchange", type = ExchangeTypes.TOPIC),
key = {"item.insert"}
))
public void getMsg(String msg) {
System.out.println("处理queue的消息:" + msg);
}
}