项目一（2）。友元，运算符重载

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本文介绍了一个使用C++实现的复数类，并通过友元函数形式重载了加、减、乘、除等基本运算符，使得复数运算更加直观便捷。

程序：

//用类的友元函数，而不是成员函数，完成上面提及的运算符的重载；
#include <iostream>
using namespace std;
class Complex
{
public:
    Complex(){real=0;imag=0;}
    Complex(double r,double i){real=r; imag=i;}
    friend Complex operator+(Complex &c1,Complex &c2);//需要两个参数
    friend Complex operator-(Complex &c1,Complex &c2);
    friend Complex operator*(Complex &c1,Complex &c2);
    friend Complex operator/(Complex &c1,Complex &c2);
    void display();
private:
    double real;
    double imag;
};
//下面定义成员函数
void Complex::display()
{
    cout<<"("<<real<<","<<imag<<"i"<<")"<<endl;
}
Complex operator+(Complex &c1,Complex &c2)
{
    Complex c;
    c.real=c1.real+c2.real;
    c.imag=c1.imag+c2.imag;
    return c;
}
Complex operator-(Complex &c1,Complex &c2)
{
    Complex c;
    c.real=c1.real-c2.real;
    c.imag=c1.imag-c2.imag;
    return c;
}
Complex operator*(Complex &c1,Complex &c2)
{
    Complex c;
    c.real=c1.real*c2.real-c1.imag*c2.imag;
    c.imag=c2.real*c1.imag+c1.real*c2.imag;
    return c;
}
Complex operator/(Complex &c1,Complex &c2)
{
    Complex c;
    c.real=(c1.real*c2.real+c1.imag*c2.imag)/(c2.real*c2.real+c2.imag*c2.imag);
    c.imag=(c2.real*c1.imag-c1.real*c2.imag)/(c2.real*c2.real+c2.imag*c2.imag);
    return c;
}
//下面定义用于测试的main()函数
int main()
{
    Complex c1(3,4),c2(5,-10),c3;
    cout<<"c1=";
    c1.display();
    cout<<"c2=";
    c2.display();
    c3=c1+c2;
    cout<<"c1+c2=";
    c3.display();
    c3=c1-c2;
    cout<<"c1-c2=";
    c3.display();
    c3=c1*c2;
    cout<<"c1*c2=";
    c3.display();
    c3=c1/c2;
    cout<<"c1/c2=";
    c3.display();
    return 0;
}

结果：