Spring IOC

 

 

 

 

 

Bean 的生命周期

1.根据XML中定义的Bean,调用无参构造方法。

2.设置Bean的属性。

3.检查是否实现各种Aware接口,依次是 BeanNameAware, BeanFactoryAware, ApplicationContextAware。若有,则调用相关接口的方法, 即:setBeanName(String beanName),setBeanFactory(BeanFactory beanFactory),setApplicationContext(ApplicationContext applicationContext)

4.检查是否实现各种BeanPostProcessor. 先调用其postProcessBeforeInitialization,更改Bean的属性。

5.检查是否实现Initializating接口,若有,调用其afterPropertiesSet()方法。

6.检查XML中Bean是否有init-method方法,若有,调用之。

7.检查是否实现各种BeanPostProcessor. 先调用其postProcessAfterInitialization,更改Bean的属性。

8.应用程序可以使用这个Bean

9.检查是否实现DisposableBean接口,若有,调用其destory方法。

10.检查XML中Bean 是否有destroy-method,若有,调用之。

 

下面的例子剔除各种BeanPostProcessor, 看看效果。

package com.spring.ioc.springBeanTest.lifeCycle;

import org.springframework.beans.BeansException;
import org.springframework.beans.factory.BeanFactory;
import org.springframework.beans.factory.BeanFactoryAware;
import org.springframework.beans.factory.BeanNameAware;
import org.springframework.beans.factory.DisposableBean;
import org.springframework.beans.factory.InitializingBean;
import org.springframework.context.ApplicationContext;
import org.springframework.context.ApplicationContextAware;

/**
 * @author qsk
 */
public class Person implements BeanNameAware,
    BeanFactoryAware,
    ApplicationContextAware,
    InitializingBean,
    DisposableBean {

  private String name;
  private String address;
  private int phone;

  private String beanName;
  private BeanFactory beanFactory;
  private ApplicationContext applicationContext;

  public Person() {
    System.out.println("【构造器】调用Person的构造器实例化");
  }

  public Person(String name, String address, int phone) {
    super();
    this.name = name;
    this.address = address;
    this.phone = phone;
  }

  public String getName() {
    return name;
  }

  public void setName(String name) {
    System.out.println("【注入属性】注入属性name");
    this.name = name;
  }

  public String getAddress() {
    return address;
  }

  public void setAddress(String address) {
    System.out.println("【注入属性】注入属性address");
    this.address = address;
  }

  public int getPhone() {
    return phone;
  }

  public void setPhone(int phone) {
    System.out.println("【注入属性】注入属性phone");
    this.phone = phone;
  }

  @Override
  public String toString() {
    return "Person [address=" + address + ", name=" + name + ", phone=" + phone + "]";
  }

  // 这是BeanNameAware接口方法
  @Override
  public void setBeanName(String arg0) {
    System.out.println("【BeanNameAware接口】调用BeanNameAware.setBeanName()");
    this.beanName = arg0;
  }

  // 这是BeanFactoryAware接口方法
  @Override
  public void setBeanFactory(BeanFactory arg0) throws BeansException {
    System.out.println("【BeanFactoryAware接口】调用BeanFactoryAware.setBeanFactory()");
    this.beanFactory = arg0;
  }

  // 这是ApplicationContext接口方法
  @Override
  public void setApplicationContext(ApplicationContext applicationContext) throws BeansException {
    this.applicationContext = applicationContext;
    System.out.println("【ApplicationContextAware】 调用setApplicationContext方法" + applicationContext);
  }

  // 这是InitializingBean接口方法
  @Override
  public void afterPropertiesSet() throws Exception {
    System.out.println("【InitializingBean接口】调用InitializingBean.afterPropertiesSet()");
  }

  // 通过<bean>的init-method属性指定的初始化方法
  public void myInit() {
    System.out.println("【init-method】调用<bean>的init-method属性指定的初始化方法");
  }

  // 这是DiposibleBean接口方法
  @Override
  public void destroy() throws Exception {
    System.out.println("【DiposibleBean接口】调用DiposibleBean.destory()");
  }

  // 通过<bean>的destroy-method属性指定的初始化方法
  public void myDestory() {
    System.out.println("【destroy-method】调用<bean>的destroy-method属性指定的初始化方法");
  }
}
package com.spring.ioc.springBeanTest.lifeCycle;

import org.springframework.context.ApplicationContext;
import org.springframework.context.support.ClassPathXmlApplicationContext;

public class BeanLifeCycle {

  public static void main(String[] args) {

    System.out.println("现在开始初始化容器");

    ApplicationContext factory = new ClassPathXmlApplicationContext("beanLifeCyclebeans.xml");
    System.out.println("容器初始化成功");
   
    System.out.println("现在开始关闭容器!");
    ((ClassPathXmlApplicationContext) factory).registerShutdownHook();
  }
}
<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>

<beans xmlns="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans"
       xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"
       xmlns:p="http://www.springframework.org/schema/p"
       xmlns:aop="http://www.springframework.org/schema/aop"
       xmlns:tx="http://www.springframework.org/schema/tx"
       xsi:schemaLocation="
            http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans 
            http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans/spring-beans-3.2.xsd">

   
    <bean id="person2" class="com.spring.ioc.springBeanTest.lifeCycle.Person" init-method="myInit"
          destroy-method="myDestory" >
        <property name="name" value="zz"></property>
    </bean>

</beans>

结果如下:

Bean 作用域

singleton:定义bean的范围为每个spring容器一个实例(默认值);容器启动初始化就同时自动创建了一个bean的对象。

prototype:定义bean可以被多次实例化(使用一次就创建一次);创建容器的时候并没有实例化,而是当我们获取bean的时候才会去创建一个对象,而且我们每次获取到的对象都不是同一个对象。

有例为证,Person类和测试类还是上面的代码,XML更改如下:

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>

<beans xmlns="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans"
       xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"
       xmlns:p="http://www.springframework.org/schema/p"
       xmlns:aop="http://www.springframework.org/schema/aop"
       xmlns:tx="http://www.springframework.org/schema/tx"
       xsi:schemaLocation="
            http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans 
            http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans/spring-beans-3.2.xsd">



    <bean id="person2" class="com.spring.ioc.springBeanTest.lifeCycle.Person" init-method="myInit"
          destroy-method="myDestory" >
        <property name="name" value="zz"></property>
    </bean>

    <bean id="person3" class="com.spring.ioc.springBeanTest.lifeCycle.Person" init-method="myInit"
          destroy-method="myDestory" scope="prototype" >
        <property name="name" value="zz3"></property>
    </bean>


</beans>

效果如下:

可以看到定义scope为prototype的person3并没有在容器加载的时候被调用,仅仅是singleton的实例,在容器加载的时候被调用。

更改测试类如下:

 

package com.spring.ioc.springBeanTest.lifeCycle;

import org.springframework.context.ApplicationContext;
import org.springframework.context.support.ClassPathXmlApplicationContext;

public class BeanLifeCycle {

  public static void main(String[] args) {

    System.out.println("现在开始初始化容器");

    ApplicationContext factory = new ClassPathXmlApplicationContext("beanLifeCyclebeans.xml");
    System.out.println("容器初始化成功");
    // 得到Person,并使用
    System.out.println();
    Person person3 = factory.getBean("person3", Person.class);
    System.out.println(person3);


    System.out.println("现在开始关闭容器!");
    ((ClassPathXmlApplicationContext) factory).registerShutdownHook();
  }
}

效果如下:

 

可以看到,仅仅在显示getBean调用时,prototype的person3才会真正初始。

接下来,继续修改Person类 ,

package com.spring.ioc.springBeanTest.lifeCycle;

import org.springframework.context.ApplicationContext;
import org.springframework.context.support.ClassPathXmlApplicationContext;

public class BeanLifeCycle {

  public static void main(String[] args) {

    System.out.println("现在开始初始化容器");

    ApplicationContext factory = new ClassPathXmlApplicationContext("beanLifeCyclebeans.xml");
    System.out.println("容器初始化成功");
    // 得到Person,并使用
    Person person2 = factory.getBean("person2", Person.class);
    System.out.println(person2);

    System.out.println();
    Person person22 = factory.getBean("person2", Person.class);
    System.out.println(person22);

    System.out.println();
    Person person3 = factory.getBean("person3", Person.class);
    System.out.println(person3);

    System.out.println();
    Person person32 = factory.getBean("person3", Person.class);
    System.out.println(person32);

    System.out.println("\nSingleton ");
    System.out.println(person2 == person22);

    System.out.println("\nPrototype");
    System.out.println(person3 == person32);
    
    System.out.println("现在开始关闭容器!");
    ((ClassPathXmlApplicationContext) factory).registerShutdownHook();
  }
}

效果如下:

Referrence:

http://www.cnblogs.com/zrtqsk/p/3735273.html

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