在Exadata服务器上，为解决频繁修改操作系统用户密码的问题，将root、celladmin、cellmonitor和public用户的密码有效期设置为永不过期。通过使用chage命令进行操作，确保了系统的安全性和维护效率。
上午的时候发现Exadata上的OS用戶過期了，虽然知道Exadata上的OEL在用户密码上的要求进行了加强，但是發現OS用戶的密碼的有效期只有90天，這樣的話每90天就要修改一次密碼，太麻煩了，就都改成了不收限制：
查看用戶的密碼有效期：
[root@dm01cel01 ~]# chage -l root
Last password change : Aug 09, 2012
Password expires : Nov 07, 2012
Password inactive : never
Account expires : never
Minimum number of days between password change : 1
Maximum number of days between password change : 90
Number of days of warning before password expires : 7
[root@dm01cel01 ~]# chage -l celladmin
Last password change : password must be changed
Password expires : never
Password inactive : never
Account expires : never
Minimum number of days between password change : 1
Maximum number of days between password change : 90
Number of days of warning before password expires : 7
[root@dm01cel01 ~]# chage -l cellmonitor
Last password change : May 10, 2012
Password expires : Aug 08, 2012
Password inactive : never
Account expires : never
Minimum number of days between password change : 1
Maximum number of days between password change : 90
Number of days of warning before password expires : 7
[root@dm01cel01 ~]# chage -l public
Last password change : Aug 02, 2012
Password expires : Oct 31, 2012
Password inactive : never
Account expires : never
Minimum number of days between password change : 1
Maximum number of days between password change : 90
Number of days of warning before password expires : 7
[root@dm01cel01 ~]#
注：上面的celladmin用戶的Password expirs顯示為never，並不是說該用戶的用戶密碼永不過期，而是因為該用戶的密碼已經過期了Password must be changed
修改，99999表示永不過期Never：
chage -M 99999 root
chage -M 99999 celladmin
chage -M 99999 cellmonitor
chage -M 99999 public
[root@dm01cel01 ~]# chage -l root
Last password change : Aug 09, 2012
Password expires : never
Password inactive : never
Account expires : never
Minimum number of days between password change : 1
Maximum number of days between password change : 99999
Number of days of warning before password expires : 7
[root@dm01cel01 ~]# chage -l celladmin
Last password change : password must be changed
Password expires : never
Password inactive : never
Account expires : never
Minimum number of days between password change : 1
Maximum number of days between password change : 99999
Number of days of warning before password expires : 7
[root@dm01cel01 ~]# chage -l cellmonitor
Last password change : May 10, 2012
Password expires : never
Password inactive : never
Account expires : never
Minimum number of days between password change : 1
Maximum number of days between password change : 99999
Number of days of warning before password expires : 7
[root@dm01cel01 ~]# chage -l public
Last password change : Aug 02, 2012
Password expires : never
Password inactive : never
Account expires : never
Minimum number of days between password change : 1
Maximum number of days between password change : 99999
Number of days of warning before password expires : 7
其他節點上的用戶使用同樣操作即可。
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