Spring事务配置的5种方式

最新推荐文章于 2021-11-05 10:55:27 发布

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最新推荐文章于 2021-11-05 10:55:27 发布

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分类专栏： Spring 文章标签：事务配置 spring tx-advice

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Spring配置文件中关于事务配置总是由三个组成部分，分别是DataSource、TransactionManager和代理机制这三部分，无论哪种配置方式，一般变化的只是代理机制这部分。
DataSource、TransactionManager这两部分只是会根据数据访问方式有所变化，比如使用Hibernate进行数据访问时，DataSource实际为SessionFactory，TransactionManager的实现为HibernateTransactionManager。

根据代理机制的不同，总结了五种Spring事务的配置方式，配置文件如下：

方式一：每个Bean都有一个代理

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<beans xmlns="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans" 
    xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"
    xmlns:context="http://www.springframework.org/schema/context"
    xmlns:aop="http://www.springframework.org/schema/aop"  
    xmlns:tx="http://www.springframework.org/schema/tx"
    xmlns:util="http://www.springframework.org/schema/util"
    xsi:schemaLocation="
    http://www.springframework.org/schema/util
    http://www.springframework.org/schema/util/spring-util.xsd
    http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans 
    http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans/spring-beans-3.2.xsd
    http://www.springframework.org/schema/context
    http://www.springframework.org/schema/context/spring-context-3.2.xsd
    http://www.springframework.org/schema/tx 
    http://www.springframework.org/schema/tx/spring-tx-3.2.xsd
    http://www.springframework.org/schema/aop
    http://www.springframework.org/schema/aop/spring-aop-3.2.xsd"
    default-lazy-init="true">
    <bean id="sessionFactory"  class="org.springframework.orm.hibernate3.LocalSessionFactoryBean"> 
        <property name="configLocation" value="classpath:hibernate.cfg.xml" /> 
        <property name="configurationClass" value="org.hibernate.cfg.AnnotationConfiguration" />
    </bean> 

    <!-- 定义事务管理器（声明式的事务） --> 
    <bean id="transactionManager"
        class="org.springframework.orm.hibernate3.HibernateTransactionManager">
        <property name="sessionFactory" ref="sessionFactory" />
    </bean>

    <!-- 配置Service，代理模式中的真实对象-->
    <bean id="testServicImpl" class="com.wust.xj.service.impl.TestService">
        <property name="sessionFactory" ref="sessionFactory" />
    </bean>

    <!-- 为真实对象创建代理对象 -->
    <bean id="testService" 
        class="org.springframework.transaction.interceptor.TransactionProxyFactoryBean"> 
        <!-- 配置事务管理器 -->
        <property name="transactionManager" ref="transactionManager" />
        <property name="target" ref="testServicImpl" />
        <property name="proxyInterfaces" value="com.wust.xj.service.ITestService" />
        <!-- 配置事务的传播行为 --> 
        <property name="transactionAttributes"> 
            <props> 
                <prop key="*">PROPAGATION_REQUIRED</prop>
            </props> 
        </property> 
    </bean>
</beans>

方式二：所有Bean共享一个代理

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<beans xmlns="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans" 
    xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"
    xmlns:context="http://www.springframework.org/schema/context"
    xmlns:aop="http://www.springframework.org/schema/aop"  
    xmlns:tx="http://www.springframework.org/schema/tx"
    xmlns:util="http://www.springframework.org/schema/util"
    xsi:schemaLocation="
    http://www.springframework.org/schema/util
    http://www.springframework.org/schema/util/spring-util.xsd
    http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans 
    http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans/spring-beans-3.2.xsd
    http://www.springframework.org/schema/context
    http://www.springframework.org/schema/context/spring-context-3.2.xsd
    http://www.springframework.org/schema/tx 
    http://www.springframework.org/schema/tx/spring-tx-3.2.xsd
    http://www.springframework.org/schema/aop
    http://www.springframework.org/schema/aop/spring-aop-3.2.xsd"
    default-lazy-init="true">

    <bean id="sessionFactory"  class="org.springframework.orm.hibernate3.LocalSessionFactoryBean"> 
        <property name="configLocation" value="classpath:hibernate.cfg.xml" /> 
        <property name="configurationClass" value="org.hibernate.cfg.AnnotationConfiguration" />
    </bean> 

    <!-- 定义事务管理器（声明式的事务） --> 
    <bean id="transactionManager"
        class="org.springframework.orm.hibernate3.HibernateTransactionManager">
        <property name="sessionFactory" ref="sessionFactory" />
    </bean>

    <!-- 所有真实对象的共享一个代理对象-->
    <bean id="serviceBaseProxy" 
        class="org.springframework.transaction.interceptor.TransactionProxyFactoryBean"> 
        <!-- 配置事务管理器 -->
        <property name="transactionManager" ref="transactionManager" />
        <!-- 配置事务的传播行为 --> 
        <property name="transactionAttributes"> 
            <props> 
                <prop key="*">PROPAGATION_REQUIRED</prop>
            </props> 
        </property> 
    </bean>

    <!-- 配置Service，代理模式中的真实(目标)对象-->
    <bean id="testServicImpl" class="com.wust.xj.service.impl.TestService">
        <property name="sessionFactory" ref="sessionFactory" />
    </bean>

    <!-- 创建代理对象 -->
    <bean id="testService" parent="serviceBaseProxy">
        <property name="target" ref="testServiceImpl"></property>
    </bean>
</beans>

方式三：使用拦截器

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<beans xmlns="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans" 
    xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"
    xmlns:context="http://www.springframework.org/schema/context"
    xmlns:aop="http://www.springframework.org/schema/aop"  
    xmlns:tx="http://www.springframework.org/schema/tx"
    xmlns:util="http://www.springframework.org/schema/util"
    xsi:schemaLocation="
    http://www.springframework.org/schema/util
    http://www.springframework.org/schema/util/spring-util.xsd
    http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans 
    http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans/spring-beans-3.2.xsd
    http://www.springframework.org/schema/context
    http://www.springframework.org/schema/context/spring-context-3.2.xsd
    http://www.springframework.org/schema/tx 
    http://www.springframework.org/schema/tx/spring-tx-3.2.xsd
    http://www.springframework.org/schema/aop
    http://www.springframework.org/schema/aop/spring-aop-3.2.xsd"
    default-lazy-init="true">

    <bean id="sessionFactory"  class="org.springframework.orm.hibernate3.LocalSessionFactoryBean"> 
        <property name="configLocation" value="classpath:hibernate.cfg.xml" /> 
        <property name="configurationClass" value="org.hibernate.cfg.AnnotationConfiguration" />
    </bean> 

    <!-- 定义事务管理器（声明式的事务） --> 
    <bean id="transactionManager"
        class="org.springframework.orm.hibernate3.HibernateTransactionManager">
        <property name="sessionFactory" ref="sessionFactory" />
    </bean>

    <!-- 定义事务拦截器 -->
    <bean id="transactionInterceptor" 
        class="org.springframework.transaction.interceptor.TransactionInterceptor"> 
        <property name="transactionManager" ref="transactionManager" /> 
        <!-- 配置事务传播行为 --> 
        <property name="transactionAttributes"> 
            <props> 
                <prop key="*">PROPAGATION_REQUIRED</prop> 
            </props> 
        </property> 
    </bean>

    <!-- 配置拦截的类 -->
    <bean class="org.springframework.aop.framework.autoproxy.BeanNameAutoProxyCreator"> 
        <property name="beanNames"> 
            <list> 
                <value>*Service</value>
            </list> 
        </property> 
        <property name="interceptorNames"> 
            <list>
                <value>transactionInterceptor</value> 
            </list> 
        </property> 
    </bean>

    <!-- 配置Service，代理模式中的真实对象-->
    <bean id="testServicImpl" class="com.wust.xj.service.impl.TestService">
        <property name="sessionFactory" ref="sessionFactory" />
    </bean>
</beans>

方式四：使用tx标签配置的拦截器

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<beans xmlns="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans" 
    xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"
    xmlns:context="http://www.springframework.org/schema/context"
    xmlns:aop="http://www.springframework.org/schema/aop"  
    xmlns:tx="http://www.springframework.org/schema/tx"
    xmlns:util="http://www.springframework.org/schema/util"
    xsi:schemaLocation="
    http://www.springframework.org/schema/util
    http://www.springframework.org/schema/util/spring-util.xsd
    http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans 
    http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans/spring-beans-3.2.xsd
    http://www.springframework.org/schema/context
    http://www.springframework.org/schema/context/spring-context-3.2.xsd
    http://www.springframework.org/schema/tx 
    http://www.springframework.org/schema/tx/spring-tx-3.2.xsd
    http://www.springframework.org/schema/aop
    http://www.springframework.org/schema/aop/spring-aop-3.2.xsd"
    default-lazy-init="true">
    <bean id="sessionFactory"  class="org.springframework.orm.hibernate3.LocalSessionFactoryBean"> 
        <property name="configLocation" value="classpath:hibernate.cfg.xml" /> 
        <property name="configurationClass" value="org.hibernate.cfg.AnnotationConfiguration" />
    </bean> 

    <!-- 定义事务管理器（声明式的事务） --> 
    <bean id="transactionManager"
        class="org.springframework.orm.hibernate3.HibernateTransactionManager">
        <property name="sessionFactory" ref="sessionFactory" />
    </bean>

    <tx:advice id="txAdvice" transaction-manager="transactionManager">
        <tx:attributes>
            <tx:method name="*" propagation="REQUIRED" />
        </tx:attributes>
    </tx:advice>

    <aop:config>
        <aop:pointcut id="interceptorPointCuts" expression="execution(* com.wust.xj.service.*.*(..))" />
        <aop:advisor advice-ref="txAdvice" pointcut-ref="interceptorPointCuts" />       
    </aop:config>
</beans>

方式五：全注解

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<beans xmlns="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans" 
    xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"
    xmlns:context="http://www.springframework.org/schema/context"
    xmlns:aop="http://www.springframework.org/schema/aop"  
    xmlns:tx="http://www.springframework.org/schema/tx"
    xmlns:util="http://www.springframework.org/schema/util"
    xsi:schemaLocation="
    http://www.springframework.org/schema/util
    http://www.springframework.org/schema/util/spring-util.xsd
    http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans 
    http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans/spring-beans-3.2.xsd
    http://www.springframework.org/schema/context
    http://www.springframework.org/schema/context/spring-context-3.2.xsd
    http://www.springframework.org/schema/tx 
    http://www.springframework.org/schema/tx/spring-tx-3.2.xsd
    http://www.springframework.org/schema/aop
    http://www.springframework.org/schema/aop/spring-aop-3.2.xsd"
    default-lazy-init="true">
    <bean id="sessionFactory"  class="org.springframework.orm.hibernate3.LocalSessionFactoryBean"> 
        <property name="configLocation" value="classpath:hibernate.cfg.xml" /> 
        <property name="configurationClass" value="org.hibernate.cfg.AnnotationConfiguration" />
    </bean> 

    <!-- 定义事务管理器（声明式的事务） --> 
    <bean id="transactionManager"
        class="org.springframework.orm.hibernate3.HibernateTransactionManager">
        <property name="sessionFactory" ref="sessionFactory" />
    </bean>

    <tx:annotation-driven transaction-manager="transactionManager"/>
</beans>

此时在service上加上@Transactional注解

package com.wust.xj.service.impl;

import javax.annotation.Resource;

import org.springframework.stereotype.Service;
import org.springframework.transaction.annotation.Transactional;

import com.wust.xj.dao.TestDao;

@Transactional
@Service("testService")
public class TestServiceImpl {

    @Resource(name="testDao")
    private TestDao testDao;

    public void excute(String sql){
        testDao.excute(sql);
    }
}