mac 10.9.4下配置apache

mac 10.9.x已经自带了apache，可按如下步骤开启：

1、启动

sudo apachectl start

启动后，访问 http://localhost/ 应该能看到"It works!"的初始页面，如果对初始页面的内容感到好奇，可以打开"/etc/apache2/httpd.conf"，197行可以看到如下代码片段：

 1 <Directory "/Library/WebServer/Documents">
 2     #
 3     # Possible values for the Options directive are "None", "All",
 4     # or any combination of:
 5     #   Indexes Includes FollowSymLinks SymLinksifOwnerMatch ExecCGI MultiViews
 6     #
 7     # Note that "MultiViews" must be named *explicitly* --- "Options All"
 8     # doesn't give it to you.
 9     #
10     # The Options directive is both complicated and important.  Please see
11     # http://httpd.apache.org/docs/2.2/mod/core.html#options
12     # for more information.
13     #
14     Options Indexes FollowSymLinks MultiViews
15 
16     #
17     # AllowOverride controls what directives may be placed in .htaccess files.
18     # It can be "All", "None", or any combination of the keywords:
19     #   Options FileInfo AuthConfig Limit
20     #
21     AllowOverride None
22 
23     #
24     # Controls who can get stuff from this server.
25     #
26     Order allow,deny
27     Allow from all
28 
29 </Directory>

It works的内容，就在/Library/WebServer/Documents/index.html.en这个文件里，这是apache的默认页，相当于windows下IIS的C:\inetpub\wwwroot\iisstart.htm

 

2、重启/停止

sudo apachectl restart

sudo apachectl stop

 

3、创建个人站点目录

cd ~/

mkdir Sites

echo "hello" >> index.html

sudo apachectl restart

然后再访问 http://localhost/~jimmy/ 应该就能看到"hello"的个人目录初始页面（注：~jimmy需换成~你的用户名）

如果失败，请检查"/etc/apache2/users"目录下，是否有名为“jimmy.conf”的配置文件（同样：jimmy需换成你的用户名），如果没有，手动创建一个，内容参考下面：

1 <Directory "/Users/jimmy/Sites/">
2     Options FollowSymLinks Indexes MultiViews
3     AllowOverride All
4     Order allow,deny
5     Allow from all
6 </Directory>

如果好奇目录名为什么是Sites? 可以查看"/etc/apache2/extra/httpd-userdir.conf"

 1 # Settings for user home directories
 2 #
 3 # Required module: mod_userdir
 4 
 5 #
 6 # UserDir: The name of the directory that is appended onto a user's home
 7 # directory if a ~user request is received.  Note that you must also set
 8 # the default access control for these directories, as in the example below.
 9 #
10 UserDir Sites
11 
12 #
13 # Users might not be in /Users/*/Sites, so use user-specific config files.
14 #
15 Include /private/etc/apache2/users/*.conf
16 <IfModule bonjour_module>
17        RegisterUserSite customized-users
18 </IfModule>

第10行就是答案

 

4、启用虚拟主机

默认情况下，apache的虚拟主机功能是关闭的，在“/etc/apache2/httpd.conf”中找到下面这行：

#Include /private/etc/apache2/extra/httpd-vhosts.conf

将前面的#去掉，然后再打开“/etc/apache2/extra/httpd-vhosts.conf”，内容修改成类似下面的样子：

 1 NameVirtualHost *:80
 2 
 3 <VirtualHost *:80>
 4     DocumentRoot "/Users/jimmy/Sites"
 5     ServerName www.yjmyzz.com
 6     ErrorLog "/Users/jimmy/Sites/log/error.log"
 7     CustomLog "/Users/jimmy/Sites/log/access.log" common
 8     <Directory />
 9                 Options Indexes FollowSymLinks MultiViews
10                 AllowOverride None
11                 Order deny,allow
12                 Allow from all
13       </Directory>
14 </VirtualHost> 

注：

a) /Users/jimmy/Sites/log/ 日志文件目录，必须存在，否则apache启动将失败，而且不会有任何错误提示

b) 虚拟主机的站点根目录，建议放在~/Sites/下，否则mac环境中会报类似“无权限访问”的错误。

这段配置绑定了一个不存在的域名www.yjmyzz.com到站点http://localhost/~jimmy/，为了验证域名绑定的效果，手动修改下hosts文件

sudo vi /etc/hosts 以管理员身份打开hosts文件，追加一行

127.0.0.1       www.yjmyzz.com

保存退出，重启apache，再次浏览 http://www.yjmyzz.com 应该ok了，看到的内容跟http://localhost/~jimmy/ 一样

tips: 如果站点根目录，想放到其它位置，在httpd.conf中找到 

1 <Directory />
2     Options FollowSymLinks
3     AllowOverride None
4     Order deny,allow
5     Deny from all
6 </Directory

把4,5行删除掉就行了

 

5、URL转发

先打开httpd.conf，确保下面这二行没有被注释掉：

1 LoadModule proxy_module libexec/apache2/mod_proxy.so
2 LoadModule proxy_http_module libexec/apache2/mod_proxy_http.so

然后在httpd.conf最后加上

1 ProxyPass /HelloApp http://localhost:8080/HelloApp/
2 ProxyPassReverse /HelloApp  http://localhost:8080/HelloApp/

这样访问 http://localhost/HelloApp、http://ip/HelloApp、http://www.yjmyzz.com/HellpApp  都相当于访问 http://localhost:8080/HelloApp

 

6、端口转发

假如服务器上有一个应用 http://x.x.x.x:8080/ ，如果想通过类似 http://www.yjmyzz.com 的域名来直接访问，就需要做端口转发，仍然打开httpd.conf

1 LoadModule proxy_connect_module modules/mod_proxy_connect.so
2 LoadModule proxy_ftp_module modules/mod_proxy_ftp.so

在"5、URL转发"的基础上，再打开这二项

然后修改extra/httpd-vhosts.conf

 1 NameVirtualHost *:80
 2 
 3 <VirtualHost *:80>
 4         ProxyPreserveHost On
 5         ServerName www.yjmyzz.com
 6 
 7         ProxyPass / http://www.yjmyzz.com:8000/
 8         ProxyPassReverse / http://www.yjmyzz.com:8000/        
 9     
10         ServerAdmin webmaster@localhost
11 </VirtualHost>

这样就相当于把 80端口转发到8080端口上了