Python将日期时间按照格式转换成字符串

Python格式化日期时间的函数为datetime.datetime.strftime()；由字符串转为日期型的函数为：datetime.datetime.strptime()，两个函数都涉及日期时间


的格式化字符串，日期格式化字符串符号英文如下:


%a Abbreviated weekday name
%A Full weekday name
%b Abbreviated month name
%B Full month name
%c Date and time representation appropriate for locale
%d Day of month as decimal number (01 - 31)
%H Hour in 24-hour format (00 - 23)
%I Hour in 12-hour format (01 - 12)
%j Day of year as decimal number (001 - 366)
%m Month as decimal number (01 - 12)
%M Minute as decimal number (00 - 59)
%p Current locale's A.M./P.M. indicator for 12-hour clock
%S Second as decimal number (00 - 59)
%U Week of year as decimal number, with Sunday as first day of week (00 - 51)
%w Weekday as decimal number (0 - 6; Sunday is 0)
%W Week of year as decimal number, with Monday as first day of week (00 - 51)
%x Date representation for current locale
%X Time representation for current locale
%y Year without century, as decimal number (00 - 99)
%Y Year with century, as decimal number
%z, %Z Time-zone name or abbreviation; no characters if time zone is unknown
%% Percent sign


中文翻译如下:  


%a 星期几的简写 Weekday name, abbr.
%A 星期几的全称 Weekday name, full
%b 月分的简写 Month name, abbr.
%B 月份的全称 Month name, full
%c 标准的日期的时间串 Complete date and time representation
%d 十进制表示的每月的第几天 Day of the month
%H 24小时制的小时 Hour (24-hour clock)
%I 12小时制的小时 Hour (12-hour clock)
%j 十进制表示的每年的第几天 Day of the year
%m 十进制表示的月份 Month number
%M 十时制表示的分钟数 Minute number
%S 十进制的秒数 Second number
%U 第年的第几周，把星期日做为第一天（值从0到53）Week number (Sunday first weekday)
%w 十进制表示的星期几（值从0到6，星期天为0）weekday number
%W 每年的第几周，把星期一做为第一天（值从0到53） Week number (Monday first weekday)
%x 标准的日期串 Complete date representation (e.g. 13/01/08)
%X 标准的时间串 Complete time representation (e.g. 17:02:10)
%y 不带世纪的十进制年份（值从0到99）Year number within century
%Y 带世纪部分的十制年份 Year number
%z，%Z 时区名称，如果不能得到时区名称则返回空字符。Name of time zone
%% 百分号


Python3 代码示例


1)获取系统当前时间的字符串


import datetime
def get_formated_time (pstr='%Y-%m-%d %H:%M:%S'):  
    return datetime.datetime.now().strftime(pstr)
if __name__=='__main__':
    print(get_formated_time())


2)时间相减


from datetime import datetime
a = '12:13:50'
b = '12:28:21'
time_a = datetime.strptime(a,'%H:%M:%S')
time_b = datetime.strptime(b,'%H:%M:%S')
print (time_b - time_a).seconds

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