三天上手PHP之13：表单(form)

最新推荐文章于 2025-07-19 17:56:46 发布

原创最新推荐文章于 2025-07-19 17:56:46 发布 · 328 阅读

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本文通过一个实际案例展示了如何使用PHP进行表单验证，包括基本的输入检查、数据过滤及正则表达式验证等关键步骤。

1.目的：透过一个完整的表单实例，说明表单的基本操作。诸如：输入、提交、验证。

2.代码范例：

<!DOCTYPE HTML> 
<html>
<head>
<meta charset="utf-8">
<title>表单的范例</title>
<style>
.error {color: #FF0000;}
</style>
</head>
<body> 

<?php
// 定义变量并默认设置为空值
$nameErr = $emailErr = $genderErr = $websiteErr = "";
$name = $email = $gender = $comment = $website = "";

if ($_SERVER["REQUEST_METHOD"] == "POST")
{
    if (empty($_POST["name"]))
    {
        $nameErr = "必填";
    }
    else
    {
        $name = test_input($_POST["name"]);
        // 检测名字是否只包含字母跟空格
        if (!preg_match("/^[a-zA-Z ]*$/",$name))
        {
            $nameErr = "只允许字母和空格"; 
        }
    }
    
    if (empty($_POST["email"]))
    {
      $emailErr = "必填";
    }
    else
    {
        $email = test_input($_POST["email"]);
        // 检测邮箱是否合法
        if (!preg_match("/([\w\-]+\@[\w\-]+\.[\w\-]+)/",$email))
        {
            $emailErr = "邮箱格式错误"; 
        }
    }
    
    if (empty($_POST["website"]))
    {
        $website = "";
    }
    else
    {
        $website = test_input($_POST["website"]);
        // 检测 URL 地址是否合法
        if (!preg_match("/\b(?:(?:https?|ftp):\/\/|www\.)[-a-z0-9+&@#\/%?=~_|!:,.;]*[-a-z0-9+&@#\/%=~_|]/i",$website))
        {
            $websiteErr = "URL地址格式错误"; 
        }
    }
    
    if (empty($_POST["comment"]))
    {
        $comment = "";
    }
    else
    {
        $comment = test_input($_POST["comment"]);
    }
    
    if (empty($_POST["gender"]))
    {
        $genderErr = "性别是必需的";
    }
    else
    {
        $gender = test_input($_POST["gender"]);
    }
}

function test_input($data)
{
    $data = trim($data);
    $data = stripslashes($data);
    $data = htmlspecialchars($data);
    return $data;
}
?>

<h2>PHP 表单验证实例</h2>
<p><span class="error">* 必需字段。</span></p>
<form method="post" action="<?php echo htmlspecialchars($_SERVER["PHP_SELF"]);?>"> 
   姓名: <input type="text" name="name" value="<?php echo $name;?>">
   <span class="error">* <?php echo $nameErr;?></span>
   <br><br>
   电子邮乡: <input type="text" name="email" value="<?php echo $email;?>">
   <span class="error">* <?php echo $emailErr;?></span>
   <br><br>
   网址: <input type="text" name="website" value="<?php echo $website;?>">
   <span class="error"><?php echo $websiteErr;?></span>
   <br><br>
   其他说明: <textarea name="comment" rows="5" cols="40"><?php echo $comment;?></textarea>
   <br><br>
   性别:
   <input type="radio" name="gender" <?php if (isset($gender) && $gender=="female") echo "checked";?>  value="female">女
   <input type="radio" name="gender" <?php if (isset($gender) && $gender=="male") echo "checked";?>  value="male">男
   <span class="error">* <?php echo $genderErr;?></span>
   <br><br>
   <input type="submit" name="submit" value="Submit"> 
</form>

<?php
echo "<hr>";
echo "<h2>以下为上述输入内容:</h2>";
echo $name;
echo "<br>";
echo $email;
echo "<br>";
echo $website;
echo "<br>";
echo $comment;
echo "<br>";
echo $gender;
?>

</body>
</html>

3.結果：