在安装Theano时遇到了这样的错误:
Found existing installation: six 1.4.1
DEPRECATION: Uninstalling a distutils installed project (six) has been deprecated and will be removed in a future version. <span style="font-family: Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif;">This is due to the fact that uninstalling a distutils project will only partially uninstall the project.</span>
Uninstalling six-1.4.1:
经排查,并不是没有权限的问题,后来在git上发现一个类似的问题,找到原因:OS X EI Capitan本身已经安装了six 1.4.1 ,而安装theano时依赖于比1.4.1更高的six版本。OS X EI Capitan 自带的six在Apple中一个特定目录里,theano安装的six应安装到site-packages目录中,由于系统完整性保护(System Integrity Protection),pip不能卸载系统自带的six 1.4.1(即使有root权限也不能)只会跳过卸载,site-packages中也不会安装新的six版本。因此便出了以上错误。
git 类似问题参考https://github.com/pypa/pip/issues/3165
解决方法是:sudo pip install theano --upgrade --ignore-installed six
此方法可安装theano不会报错,但最终电脑里的six 仍是 1.4.1版本
事实上,Python import一下便会发现 出现了以下错误:
Traceback (most recent call last):
File "<stdin>", line 1, in <module>
File "/Library/Python/2.7/site-packages/theano/__init__.py", line 52, in <module>
from theano.gof import (
File "/Library/Python/2.7/site-packages/theano/gof/__init__.py", line 38, in <module>
from theano.gof.cc import \
File "/Library/Python/2.7/site-packages/theano/gof/cc.py", line 25, in <module>
from theano.gof import link
File "/Library/Python/2.7/site-packages/theano/gof/link.py", line 18, in <module>
from theano.gof.type import Type
File "/Library/Python/2.7/site-packages/theano/gof/type.py", line 17, in <module>
from theano.gof.op import CLinkerObject
File "/Library/Python/2.7/site-packages/theano/gof/op.py", line 25, in <module>
from theano.gof.cmodule import GCC_compiler
File "/Library/Python/2.7/site-packages/theano/gof/cmodule.py", line 8, in <module>
import six.moves.cPickle as pickle
ImportError: No module named cPickle
从错误即可看出还是six版本问题。然而,机智的我又找到了类似问题哈哈哈,参考链接https://github.com/Theano/Theano/issues/3739以及OS X不能upgrade six
综合两个链接里的办法,主要是下面几个:
1.先卸载six,再安装,卸载不了就去System/Library/Frameworks/Python.framework/Versions/2.7/Extras/lib/python/ 手动删。
然而正如上面所说,SIP决定了你不可能卸载成功的~手动删也会被系统拒绝。这里还有个办法是,你可以关闭SIP,然后卸。鉴于关闭SIP要进入系统恢复模式,还要
通过命令来操作,作为一枚小白的我没敢轻易尝试。
2.pip install --ignore-installed six 或者sudo pip install -U six经尝试,没有用(OS X EI Caption)
3.sudo easy_install --upgrade six 解决!前两次一直超时不知道为什么,最后成功了,上面链接里也有人用2方法成功的,建议这几个命令都可以试一下~
此时在Python中import theano就可以不报错啦。
总结一下,如果mac下因为six 1.4.1 的问题安装不了theano的话,就用下边两条命令:
sudo easy_install --upgrade six
sudo pip install theano