spring autowired mockito单元测试

最新推荐文章于 2025-07-13 00:12:57 发布

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#spring #单元测试

本文介绍了一种在不触动DAO层的情况下对Spring Service层进行单元测试的方法。通过使用Mockito框架，我们可以模拟DAO层的行为，确保测试仅针对Service层的逻辑。文中详细展示了如何设置Mock对象以及编写具体的测试用例。

这两天在做spring service层的单元测试时，遇到了一些问题。service层会自动注入（autowired）dao层的interface，如何正常测试service层的逻辑，而不真正的触动dao层的代码，即不往数据库做实际操作，变成了一个需要解决的问题。首先，看一下我们service层的代码：

public interface RegisterUserService {	
	boolean insert(String passid,String msisdn,String email) throws SQLException;
	
}

@Service("registerUserService")
public class RegisterUserServiceImpl implements RegisterUserService {

    private Logger loggor = Logger.getLogger(getClass());

    

    @Autowired
    private UserMapper userMapper;

    @Autowired
    private PassidUserMapper passidUserMapper;

    @Autowired
    @Qualifier("redisService")
    private CacheService redisService;

    

    @Override
    @Transactional
    public boolean insert(String passid, String msisdn, String email)
            throws SQLException {
        if (StringUtils.isEmpty(passid))
            return false;

        User user = new User();
        if (!StringUtils.isEmpty(msisdn))
            user.setPhoneNo(msisdn);
        if (!StringUtils.isEmpty(email))
            user.setEmail(email);

        PassidUser passidUser = new PassidUser();
        String serverCode = ServerCodeConfig.serverCodeMap
                .get(PayUtil.ipAddress);
        if (StringUtils.isEmpty(serverCode)) {
            serverCode = "999";
        }
        String userid = serverCode + UIDUtil.next();
        passidUser.setUserid(userid);
        passidUser.setPassid(passid);

        user.setPassid(passid);
        user.setUserid(userid);
        Date date = new Date();
        user.setCreateTime(date);
        user.setUpdateTime(date);
        user.setDeleteFlag(0);

        /*if(loggor.isInfoEnabled()){
            loggor.info("passid:" + passid + "  userid:" + userid + "  msisdn:"
                    + msisdn + "  email:" + email);
        }*/

        int result = passidUserMapper.insert(passidUser);

        if (passidUserMapper.insert(passidUser) > 0
                && userMapper.insertSelective(user) > 0)
            redisService.set("passid:" + passid + ":userid", userid);
        else
            throw new SQLException("数据插入失败，数据回滚");

        return true;
    }

}

从代码中可以看到，service层的RegisterUserServiceImpl实现了interface RegisterUserService，在这个service中注入了userMapper，PassidUserMapper和RedisService，我们需要mock掉这三个autowired的真实行为，做spring相关的测试，我们选用的mockito进行，实现较为方便，在做spring mockito测试时，需要引入以下dependency ：

       <dependency>
            <groupId>org.mockito</groupId>
            <artifactId>mockito-all</artifactId>
            <version>1.10.19</version>
        </dependency>
        <dependency>
            <groupId>junit</groupId>
            <artifactId>junit</artifactId>
            <version>4.12</version>
        </dependency>
	<dependency>
            <groupId>org.springframework</groupId>
            <artifactId>spring-test</artifactId>
            <version>${spring.version}</version>
        </dependency>

使用@InjectMock置入需要测试的RegisterUserServiceImpl，如下：

    @InjectMocks
    private RegisterUserService registerUserService = new RegisterUserServiceImpl();

对于需要mock掉的dao层的interface使用@Mock注入：

    @Mock
    private UserMapper userMapper;

    @Mock
    private PassidUserMapper passidUserMapper;

    @Mock
    private CacheService redisService;

注入后，需要对RsgisterUserService和UserMapper，PassidUserMapper，RedisService绑定：

MockitoAnnotations.initMocks(this);

同时，我们期望UserMapper和PassidMapper的功能得到想要的结果：

when(passidUserMapper.insert(any(PassidUser.class))).thenReturn(1);
when(userMapper.insertSelective(any(User.class))).thenReturn(1);

完整的单元测试代码如下：

@RunWith(SpringJUnit4ClassRunner.class)
@WebAppConfiguration
@ContextConfiguration("file:src/main/resources/conf/springConfig.xml")
public class RegisterUserServiceImplTest {

    @InjectMocks
    private RegisterUserService registerUserService = new RegisterUserServiceImpl();

    @Mock
    private UserMapper userMapper;

    @Mock
    private PassidUserMapper passidUserMapper;

    @Mock
    private CacheService redisService;

    @Before
    public void setUp() {
        MockitoAnnotations.initMocks(this);
        when(passidUserMapper.insert(any(PassidUser.class))).thenReturn(1);
        when(userMapper.insertSelective(any(User.class))).thenReturn(1);
    }

    @Test
    public void testInsert() throws Exception {
        String passid = "12344";
        String msisdn = "18867131210";
        String email = "test@test.cn";
        Assert.assertTrue(registerUserService.insert(passid, msisdn, email));

    }
}

如有问题，请联系wgy@live.cn，感谢！