iOS NSString,NSMutableString的常用用法

最新推荐文章于 2021-09-02 16:11:11 发布

转载最新推荐文章于 2021-09-02 16:11:11 发布 · 340 阅读

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本文详细探讨了Objective-C与Swift两种语言在iOS开发领域的应用与区别，包括其语法特点、性能表现及在实际项目中的使用案例。

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1.NSString

//1、创建常量字符串。

NSString *astring = @"This is a String!";

//2、创建空字符串，给予赋值。

NSString *astring = [[NSString alloc] init];
 
astring = @"This is a String!";
 
[astring release];
 
NSLog(@"astring:%@",astring);

//

NSString *astring = [[NSString alloc] init];
 
NSLog(@"0x%.8x", astring);
 
astring=@"This is a String!";
 
NSLog(@"0x%.8x", astring);
 
[astring release];
 
NSLog(@"astring:%@",astring);

//3、在以上方法中，提升速度:initWithString方法

NSString *astring = [[NSString alloc] initWithString:@"This is a String!"];
 
NSLog(@"astring:%@",astring);
 
[astring release];

//4、用标准c创建字符串:initWithCString方法

char *Cstring = "This is a String!";
 
NSString *astring = [[NSString alloc] initWithCString:Cstring];
 
NSLog(@"astring:%@",astring);
 
[astring release];

//5、创建格式化字符串:占位符（由一个%加一个字符组成）

int i = 1;
 
int j = 2;
 
NSString *astring = [[NSString alloc] initWithString:[NSString stringWithFormat:@"%d.This is %i string!",i,j]];
 
NSLog(@"astring:%@",astring);
 
[astring release];

//6、创建临时字符串

NSString *astring;
 
astring = [NSString stringWithCString:"This is a temporary string"];
 
NSLog(@"astring:%@",astring);

7、从文件创建字符串

NSString *path = [[NSBundlemainBundle] pathForResource:@"astring.text"ofType:nil];
NSString *astring = [[NSString alloc] initWithContentsOfFile:path];
NSLog(@"astring:%@",astring);
[astring release];

//8、用字符串创建字符串，并写入到文件

NSString *astring = [[NSString alloc] initWithString:@"This is a String!"];
 
NSLog(@"astring:%@",astring);
 
NSString *path = @"astring.text";    
 
[astring writeToFile: path atomically: YES];
 
[astring release];

注：此路径path只只是示意，真实路径并非如此
//9、用C比较:strcmp函数

char string1[] = "string!";
 
char string2[] = "string!";
 
if(strcmp(string1, string2) == 0)
{
 
    NSLog(@"1");
 
}

//10、isEqualToString方法

NSString *astring01 = @"This is a String!";
 
NSString *astring02 = @"This is a String!";
 
BOOL result = [astring01 isEqualToString:astring02];
 
NSLog(@"result:%d",result);

//11、compare方法(comparer返回的三种值)

//
NSString *astring01 = @"This is a String!";
 
NSString *astring02 = @"This is a String!";    
 
BOOL result = [astring01 compare:astring02] == NSOrderedSame;    //NSOrderedSame判断两者内容是否相同
 
NSLog(@"result:%d",result);    
 
//
NSString *astring01 = @"This is a String!";
 
NSString *astring02 = @"this is a String!";
 
BOOL result = [astring01 compare:astring02] == NSOrderedAscending;    //NSOrderedAscending判断两对象值的大小(按字母顺序进行比较，astring02大于astring01为真)
 
NSLog(@"result:%d",result);

//
NSString *astring01 = @"this is a String!";
 
NSString *astring02 = @"This is a String!";
 
BOOL result = [astring01 compare:astring02] == NSOrderedDescending;    //NSOrderedDescending判断两对象值的大小(按字母顺序进行比较，astring02小于astring01为真)
 
NSLog(@"result:%d",result);

//12、不考虑大小写比较字符串

//1.
NSString *astring01 = @"this is a String!";
 
NSString *astring02 = @"This is a String!";
 
BOOL result = [astring01 caseInsensitiveCompare:astring02] == NSOrderedSame;    //NSOrderedDescending判断两对象值的大小(按字母顺序进行比较，astring02小于astring01为真)

NSLog(@"result:%d",result); 

//2.
NSString *astring01 = @"this is a String!";
 
NSString *astring02 = @"This is a String!";
 
BOOL result = [astring01 compare:astring02
 
options:NSCaseInsensitiveSearch | NSNumericSearch] == NSOrderedSame;    //NSCaseInsensitiveSearch:不区分大小写比较 NSLiteralSearch:进行完全比较，区分大小写 NSNumericSearch:比较字符串的字符个数，而不是字符值。
 
NSLog(@"result:%d",result);

//13、输出大写或者小写字符串

NSString *string1 = @"A String"; 
 
NSString *string2 = @"String"; 
 
NSLog(@"string1:%@",[string1 uppercaseString]);//大写
 
NSLog(@"string2:%@",[string2 lowercaseString]);//小写
 
NSLog(@"string2:%@",[string2 capitalizedString]);//首字母大小

//14、-rangeOfString: //查找字符串某处是否包含其它字符串

NSString *string1 = @"This is a string";
 
NSString *string2 = @"string";
 
NSRange range = [string1 rangeOfString:string2];
 
int location = range.location;
 
int leight = range.length;
 
NSString *astring = [[NSString alloc] initWithString:[NSString stringWithFormat:@"Location:%i,Leight:%i",location,leight]];
 
NSLog(@"astring:%@",astring);
 
[astring release];

//15、-substringToIndex: 从字符串的开头一直截取到指定的位置，但不包括该位置的字符

NSString *string1 = @"This is a string";
 
NSString *string2 = [string1 substringToIndex:3];
 
NSLog(@"string2:%@",string2);

//16、-substringFromIndex: 以指定位置开始（包括指定位置的字符），并包括之后的全部字符

NSString *string1 = @"This is a string";
 
NSString *string2 = [string1 substringFromIndex:3];
 
NSLog(@"string2:%@",string2);

//17、-substringWithRange: //按照所给出的位置，长度，任意地从字符串中截取子串

NSString *string1 = @"This is a string";
 
NSString *string2 = [string1 substringWithRange:NSMakeRange(0, 4)];
 
NSLog(@"string2:%@",string2);

//18、-stringWithCapacity: //按照固定长度生成空字符串

NSMutableString *String;
 
String = [NSMutableString stringWithCapacity:40];

//19、-appendString: and -appendFormat: //把一个字符串接在另一个字符串的末尾

NSMutableString *String1 = [[NSMutableString alloc] initWithString:@"This is a NSMutableString"];
 
[String1 appendString:@", I will be adding some character"];
 
[String1 appendFormat:[NSString stringWithFormat:@", I will be adding some character"]];
 
NSLog(@"String1:%@",String1);

//20、-insertString: atIndex: //在指定位置插入字符串

NSMutableString *String1 = [[NSMutableString alloc] initWithString:@"This is a NSMutableString"];
 
[String1 insertString:@"Hi! " atIndex:0];
 
NSLog(@"String1:%@",String1);

//21、-setString:

NSMutableString *String1 = [[NSMutableString alloc] initWithString:@"This is a NSMutableString"];
 
[String1 setString:@"Hello Word!"];
 
NSLog(@"String1:%@",String1);

//22、-replaceCharactersInRange: withString: //用指定字符串替换字符串中某指定位置、长度的字符串

NSMutableString *String1 = [[NSMutableString alloc] initWithString:@"This is a NSMutableString"];
 
[String1 replaceCharactersInRange:NSMakeRange(0, 4) withString:@"That"];
 
NSLog(@"String1:%@",String1);

//23、-hasPrefix: //检查字符串是否以另一个字符串开头

NSString *String1 = @"NSStringInformation.txt";
 
[String1 hasPrefix:@"NSString"] = = 1 ?  NSLog(@"YES") : NSLog(@"NO");
 
[String1 hasSuffix:@".txt"] = = 1 ?  NSLog(@"YES") : NSLog(@"NO");

//24、扩展路径

NSString *Path = @"~/NSData.txt";
 
NSString *absolutePath = [Path stringByExpandingTildeInPath];
 
NSLog(@"absolutePath:%@",absolutePath);
 
NSLog(@"Path:%@",[absolutePath stringByAbbreviatingWithTildeInPath]);

//25、文件扩展名

NSString *Path = @"~/NSData.txt";
 
NSLog(@"Extension:%@",[Path pathExtension]);

NSMutableString

基本用法

1.给字符串分配容量

stringWithCapacity:
NSMutableString *String;
String = [NSMutableString stringWithCapacity:40];

2.在已有字符串后面添加字符

appendString: and appendFormat:
NSMutableString *String1 = [[NSMutableString alloc] initWithString:@"This is a NSMutableString"];
[String1 appendString:@", I will be adding some character"];
[String1 appendFormat:[NSString stringWithFormat:@", I will be adding some character"]];
NSLog(@"String1:%@",String1);

3.在已有字符串中按照所给出范围和长度删除字符

deleteCharactersInRange:
NSMutableString *String1 = [[NSMutableString alloc] initWithString:@"This is a NSMutableString"];
[String1 deleteCharactersInRange:NSMakeRange(0, 5)];
NSLog(@"String1:%@",String1);

4.在已有字符串后面在所指定的位置中插入给出的字符串

-insertString: atIndex:
NSMutableString *String1 = [[NSMutableString alloc] initWithString:@"This is a NSMutableString"];
[String1 insertString:@"Hi! " atIndex:0];
NSLog(@"String1:%@",String1);

5.将已有的空符串换成其它的字符串

-setString:
NSMutableString *String1 = [[NSMutableString alloc] initWithString:@"This is a NSMutableString"];
[String1 setString:@"Hello Word!"];
NSLog(@"String1:%@",String1);

6.按照所给出的范围，和字符串替换的原有的字符

-setString:
NSMutableString *String1 = [[NSMutableString alloc] initWithString:@"This is a NSMutableString"];
[String1 replaceCharactersInRange:NSMakeRange(0, 4) withString:@"That"];
NSLog(@"String1:%@",String1);

7.判断字符串内是否还包含别的字符串(前缀，后缀)

01：检查字符串是否以另一个字符串开头- (BOOL) hasPrefix: (NSString *) aString;

NSString *String1 = @"NSStringInformation.txt";
[String1 hasPrefix:@"NSString"] = = 1 ?  NSLog(@"YES") : NSLog(@"NO");
[String1 hasSuffix:@".txt"] = = 1 ?  NSLog(@"YES") : NSLog(@"NO");

02：查找字符串某处是否包含其它字符串 - (NSRange) rangeOfString: (NSString *) aString，这一点前面在串中搜索子串用到过;