django 配置静态文件

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本文介绍了在Django项目中配置和使用静态文件的方法，包括图片、CSS和JS文件。通过设置settings.py中的STATIC_URL和STATICFILES_DIRS变量，以及在urls.py中添加静态文件路由，可以实现在Django应用中正确加载这些静态资源。

在django中使用图片、css、或者js文件时，并不能直接使用，而要进行配置，也就是所谓的静态文件配置。

1配置settings.py文件：

STATIC_ROOT变量设置为空，不知道这个有什么用

STATIC_URL这个变量配置静态文件的url，与urls.py中的url含义相同，就是以后在文件中如何引用静态文件。

STATICFILES_DIRS 才是具体的静态文件位置。

只要就是配置这三个变量。

2urls.py：

在最后加入：

urlpatterns+=static(settings.STATIC_URL,document_root=settings.STATIC_ROOT)

3.使用

具体使用就/static/js/jquery.js或者/static/a.jpg等。

下面是一个例子：

a.html:

<html>
    <head>
        <title>jQuery--->第一个小程序</title>
        <script type="text/javascript" src="/static/j.js"></script>
        <script type="text/javascript">
            $(document).ready(function(){
                alert("我的jQuery小程序！");
            });
        </script>


    </head>
    <body>
    	<p1>静态文件</p1>
    </body>
</html>

urls.py:

from django.conf.urls import patterns, include, url
from view import hello
from django.shortcuts import render_to_response
from django.conf import settings
from django.conf.urls.static import static
# Uncomment the next two lines to enable the admin:
# from django.contrib import admin
# admin.autodiscover()

urlpatterns = patterns('', 
    (r'^hello/$', hello),
)
urlpatterns+=static(settings.STATIC_URL,document_root=settings.STATIC_ROOT)

views.py:

from django.http import HttpResponse, HttpResponseRedirect
from django.shortcuts import render_to_response
from django.template import RequestContext


def hello(request):
	http = "hello"
	return render_to_response('a.html',context_instance=RequestContext(request))

settings.py:

# Django settings for JQ project.
import os
DEBUG = True
TEMPLATE_DEBUG = DEBUG

ADMINS = (
    # ('Your Name', 'your_email@example.com'),
)

MANAGERS = ADMINS

DATABASES = {
    'default': {
        'ENGINE': 'django.db.backends.', # Add 'postgresql_psycopg2', 'mysql', 'sqlite3' or 'oracle'.
        'NAME': '',                      # Or path to database file if using sqlite3.
        'USER': '',                      # Not used with sqlite3.
        'PASSWORD': '',                  # Not used with sqlite3.
        'HOST': '',                      # Set to empty string for localhost. Not used with sqlite3.
        'PORT': '',                      # Set to empty string for default. Not used with sqlite3.
    }
}

# Local time zone for this installation. Choices can be found here:
# http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/List_of_tz_zones_by_name
# although not all choices may be available on all operating systems.
# In a Windows environment this must be set to your system time zone.
TIME_ZONE = 'America/Chicago'

# Language code for this installation. All choices can be found here:
# http://www.i18nguy.com/unicode/language-identifiers.html
LANGUAGE_CODE = 'en-us'

SITE_ID = 1

# If you set this to False, Django will make some optimizations so as not
# to load the internationalization machinery.
USE_I18N = True

# If you set this to False, Django will not format dates, numbers and
# calendars according to the current locale.
USE_L10N = True

# If you set this to False, Django will not use timezone-aware datetimes.
USE_TZ = True

# Absolute filesystem path to the directory that will hold user-uploaded files.
# Example: "/home/media/media.lawrence.com/media/"
MEDIA_ROOT = ''

# URL that handles the media served from MEDIA_ROOT. Make sure to use a
# trailing slash.
# Examples: "http://media.lawrence.com/media/", "http://example.com/media/"
MEDIA_URL = ''

# Absolute path to the directory static files should be collected to.
# Don't put anything in this directory yourself; store your static files
# in apps' "static/" subdirectories and in STATICFILES_DIRS.
# Example: "/home/media/media.lawrence.com/static/"
STATIC_ROOT = ''
# URL prefix for static files.
# Example: "http://media.lawrence.com/static/"
STATIC_URL = '/static/'

# Additional locations of static files
STATICFILES_DIRS = (
   os.path.join(os.path.dirname(__file__), 'templates\\assets').replace('\\','/'),
)

# List of finder classes that know how to find static files in
# various locations.
STATICFILES_FINDERS = (
    'django.contrib.staticfiles.finders.FileSystemFinder',
    'django.contrib.staticfiles.finders.AppDirectoriesFinder',
#    'django.contrib.staticfiles.finders.DefaultStorageFinder',
)

# Make this unique, and don't share it with anybody.
SECRET_KEY = 'midw($5+755y6%@ybrcmlw9a9+--6+cmx29^5yo-1$^+548mr+'

# List of callables that know how to import templates from various sources.
TEMPLATE_LOADERS = (
    'django.template.loaders.filesystem.Loader',
    'django.template.loaders.app_directories.Loader',
#     'django.template.loaders.eggs.Loader',
)

MIDDLEWARE_CLASSES = (
    'django.middleware.common.CommonMiddleware',
    'django.contrib.sessions.middleware.SessionMiddleware',
    'django.middleware.csrf.CsrfViewMiddleware',
    'django.contrib.auth.middleware.AuthenticationMiddleware',
    'django.contrib.messages.middleware.MessageMiddleware',
    # Uncomment the next line for simple clickjacking protection:
    # 'django.middleware.clickjacking.XFrameOptionsMiddleware',
)

ROOT_URLCONF = 'JQ.urls'

# Python dotted path to the WSGI application used by Django's runserver.
WSGI_APPLICATION = 'JQ.wsgi.application'


TEMPLATE_DIRS = (
   os.path.join(os.path.dirname(__file__), 'templates').replace('\\','/'),
)


INSTALLED_APPS = (
    'django.contrib.auth',
    'django.contrib.contenttypes',
    'django.contrib.sessions',
    'django.contrib.sites',
    'django.contrib.messages',
    'django.contrib.staticfiles',
    # Uncomment the next line to enable the admin:
    # 'django.contrib.admin',
    # Uncomment the next line to enable admin documentation:
    # 'django.contrib.admindocs',
)

# A sample logging configuration. The only tangible logging
# performed by this configuration is to send an email to
# the site admins on every HTTP 500 error when DEBUG=False.
# See http://docs.djangoproject.com/en/dev/topics/logging for
# more details on how to customize your logging configuration.
LOGGING = {
    'version': 1,
    'disable_existing_loggers': False,
    'filters': {
        'require_debug_false': {
            '()': 'django.utils.log.RequireDebugFalse'
        }
    },
    'handlers': {
        'mail_admins': {
            'level': 'ERROR',
            'filters': ['require_debug_false'],
            'class': 'django.utils.log.AdminEmailHandler'
        }
    },
    'loggers': {
        'django.request': {
            'handlers': ['mail_admins'],
            'level': 'ERROR',
            'propagate': True,
        },
    }
}