如果想对python脚本传参数,python中对应的argc, argv(c语言的命令行参数)是什么呢?
需要模块:sys
参数个数:len(sys.argv)
脚本名: sys.argv[0]
参数1: sys.argv[1]
参数2: sys.argv[2]
sys.argv[]是用来获取命令行参数的,sys.argv[0]表示代码本身文件路径,所以参数从1开始,以下两个例子说明:
1.使用sys.argv[]的一简单实例:
import sys, os os.system(sys.argv[])
这个例子os.system接受命令行参数,运行参数指令,保存为sample1.py,命令行带参数运行sample1.py notepad,将打开记事本程序。
2.这个例子是简明python教程上的,明白它之后你就明白sys.argv[]了:
import sys def readfile(filename): ''' Print a file to the standard output. ''' f = file(filename) while True: line = f.readline() if len(line) == 0: break print line f.close() #Script starts from here if len(sys.argv) < 2: print ' NO action specified.' sys.exit() if sys.argv[1].startwith('--'): option = sys.argv[1][2:] if option == 'version': print ' version 1.2 ' elif option == 'help': print '''This program prints files to the standard output. Any number of files can be specified. Options include: --version : Prints the version number --help : Display this help''' else: print 'Unknow option.' else: for filename in sys.argv[1:]: readfile(filename)
保存为sample2.py,我们验证一下:
1)命令行带参数运行:sample.py --version 输出结果为:version 1.2
2)命令行带参数运行:sample.py --help 输出结果为:This program prints files……
3)与sample.py同一目录下,新建a.txt的记事本文件,内容为:test argv;
命令行带参数运行:sample.py a.txt,输出结果为a.txt文件内容:test argv,
这里也可以多带几个参数,程序会先后输出参数文件内容。
python3
#!/usr/bin/python3.1
#Filename: quan-test.py
import sys
def readfile(filename):
''' Print a file to the standard output. '''
f = open(filename)
while True:
line = f.readline()
if len(line) == 0:
break
print(line,end="")
f.close()
#Script starts from here.
if len(sys.argv) < 2:
print("No action specified!")
sys.exit()
if sys.argv[1].startswith("--"):
option = sys.argv[1][2:]
if option == "version":
print("version 1.0")
elif option == "help":
print('''This program prints files to the standard output.
Any number of files can be specified.
Options include:
--version : Prints the version number
--help : Display the hlep'''
)
else:
print("Unknown option.")
else:
for filename in sys.argv[1:]:
readfile(filename)