nexus-优快云博客

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1、为什么使用Nexus
        如果没有私服，我们所需的所有构件都需要通过maven的中央仓库和第三方的Maven仓库下载到本地，而一个团队中的所有人都重复的从maven仓库下载构件无疑加大了仓库的负载和浪费了外网带宽，如果网速慢的话，还会影响项目的进程。很多情况下项目的开发都是在内网进行的，连接不到maven仓库怎么办呢？开发的公共构件怎么让其它项目使用？这个时候我们不得不为自己的团队搭建属于自己的maven私服，这样既节省了网络带宽也会加速项目搭建的进程，当然前提条件就是你的私服中拥有项目所需的所有构件。
 
2、Nexus下载
       下载地址：<a href="http://www.sonatype.org/nexus/go">http://www.sonatype.org/nexus/go</a>
 
3、Nexus启动
       我下载的是zip包，解压后进入\nexus-2.1.2-bundle\nexus-2.1.2\bin\jsw\，根据操作系统类型选择文件夹，我选的是windows-x86-32文件夹，进入后可看到如下所示bat文件。
<div style="text-align: center;"><img src="http://images.cnitblog.com/i/485345/201404/241819507325842.x-png" alt=""> </div>
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<div style="text-align: left;">双击console-nexus.bat运行。游览器中输入http://127.0.0.1:8081/nexus/，出现图（2）所示就代表nexus已经启动成功。</div>
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<div style="text-align: left;"> <img src="http://images.cnitblog.com/i/485345/201404/241820324353168.x-png" alt="">  
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8081为默认的端口号，要修改端口号可进入nexus-2.1.2-bundle\nexus-2.1.2\conf\打开nexus.properties文件，修改application-port属性值就可以了。
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默认的用户名和密码：admin/admin123，登录后看到图（3）所示：
<img src="http://images.cnitblog.com/i/485345/201404/241820446072817.x-png" alt="">
 
图（3）
 
<div style="text-align: left;">4、Nexus仓库 </div>
     nexus的仓库类型分为以下四种：
               group: 仓库组
               hosted：宿主
              proxy：代理
              virtual：虚拟
 
            首次登陆nexus后可以看到以下一个仓库组和多个仓库。
 
 
 <img src="http://images.cnitblog.com/i/485345/201404/241820574047107.x-png" alt="">    Public Repositories:  仓库组 
                      3rd party: 无法从公共仓库获得的第三方发布版本的构件仓库
                      Apache Snapshots: 用了代理ApacheMaven仓库快照版本的构件仓库
                      Central: 用来代理maven中央仓库中发布版本构件的仓库
                      Central M1 shadow: 用于提供中央仓库中M1格式的发布版本的构件镜像仓库
                      Codehaus Snapshots: 用来代理CodehausMaven 仓库的快照版本构件的仓库
                      Releases: 用来部署管理内部的发布版本构件的宿主类型仓库
                      Snapshots:用来部署管理内部的快照版本构件的宿主类型仓库
 
4.1、创建Nexus宿主仓库 
在Repositories选项页的菜单栏上点击Add按钮会出现如下所示，选择要添加的仓库类型。
 
<img src="http://images.cnitblog.com/i/485345/201404/241821065764272.x-png" alt="">
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<div style="text-align: left;">这里我点击添加宿主类型的仓库，在仓库列表的下方会出现新增仓库的配置，如下所示：</div>
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<div style="text-align: left;"> <img src="http://images.cnitblog.com/i/485345/201404/241821268884501.x-png" alt="">  点击save按钮后就会在仓库列表中看到刚才新增的仓库。</div>
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<div style="text-align: left;">4.2、创建Nexus代理仓库 </div>
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点击菜单栏上的Add按钮后选择Proxy Repository，看到如下所示配置界面：
 
<img src="http://images.cnitblog.com/i/485345/201404/241821375602706.x-png" alt="">
 
 
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<div style="text-align: left;">4.3、创建Nexus仓库组
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仓库组和仓库关系是一对多的关系，一个仓库组可以指向多个仓库。
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<div style="text-align: left;">点击菜单栏上的Add按钮选择Repository Group就可以看到仓库组的配置界面，如下所示：</div>
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<div style="text-align: left;"> <img src="http://images.cnitblog.com/i/485345/201404/241821517637468.x-png" alt="">  </div>
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点击save后就可在仓库列表中看到新增的仓库组了，项目中如果要下载构件的话，配置文件中一般都用仓库组的URL。
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<div style="text-align: left;">5、修改Maven配置文件从Nexus下载构件 </div>
1） 如果想对操作系统的所有用户统一配置maven，则只需修改maven\conf\setting.xml 文件就可以了，如果只想对用户单独配置maven，只需将conf\setting.xml文件复制到C:\Documents and Settings\Administrator\.m2文件夹下（我这里假设系统装在c盘，用户为Administrator）。
 
2)  打开setting.xml文件，可以看到如下代码：
 
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<pre name="code" class="java"></pre>
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表示如果不设置localRepository，maven会默认将本地仓库建到/.m2/repository文件夹下。
 
设置localRepository如下代码所示：
 
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<ol class="dp-xml">
<li><localRepository>F:\myCenterRepository</localRepository>    </li>
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<pre name="code" class="html"> <localRepository>F:\myCenterRepository</localRepository> </pre>
 
表示在myCenterRepository文件夹下建立本地仓库。个人建议不要采用默认的仓库地址，因为项目如果很多的话，那么本地仓库所占的磁盘空间就比较多了，所以指定仓库地址到其他盘符，更方便管理。
 
5.2、在POM文件中配置Nexus仓库
在项目的pom文件中添加如下代码：
 
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<ol class="dp-xml">
<li><repositories>        </li>
<li>    <repository>        </li>
<li>      <id>nexus</id>        </li>
<li>      <name>my-nexus-repository</name>        </li>
<li>      <url>http://127.0.0.1:7788/nexus/content/groups/public/</url>        </li>
<li>      <releases>        </li>
<li>        <enabled>true</enabled>        </li>
<li>      </releases>        </li>
<li>      <snapshots>        </li>
<li>        <enabled>false</enabled>        </li>
<li>      </snapshots>        </li>
<li>    </repository>        </li>
<li>  </repositories>        </li>
<li>  <pluginRepositories>        </li>
<li>    <pluginRepository>        </li>
<li>      <id>nexus</id>        </li>
<li>      <name>my-nexus-repository</name>        </li>
<li>      <url>http://127.0.0.1:7788/nexus/content/groups/public/</url>        </li>
<li>      <releases>        </li>
<li>        <enabled>true</enabled>        </li>
<li>      </releases>        </li>
<li>      <snapshots>        </li>
<li>        <enabled>false</enabled>        </li>
<li>      </snapshots>             </li>
<li>    </pluginRepository>        </li>
<li>  </pluginRepositories>       </li>
</ol></div>
<pre name="code" class="xml"> <repositories>
<repository>
<id>nexus</id>
<name>my-nexus-repository</name>
<url>http://127.0.0.1:7788/nexus/content/groups/public/</url>
<releases>
<enabled>true</enabled>
</releases>
<snapshots>
<enabled>false</enabled>
</snapshots>
</repository>
</repositories>
<pluginRepositories>
<pluginRepository>
<id>nexus</id>
<name>my-nexus-repository</name>
<url>http://127.0.0.1:7788/nexus/content/groups/public/</url>
<releases>
<enabled>true</enabled>
</releases>
<snapshots>
<enabled>false</enabled>
</snapshots>
</pluginRepository>
</pluginRepositories> </pre>
 
在pom文件中配置只对当前项目有效，而实际开发中不可能在每个项目中重复配置信息，所以不建议在pom文件中配置。
 
5.3、在setting.xml文件中配置Nexus仓库
1）maven提供了profile来配置仓库信息，如下所示：
 
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<ol class="dp-xml">
<li><profiles>     </li>
<li>    <profile>     </li>
<li>      <id>myprofile</id>     </li>
<li>      <repositories>     </li>
<li>            <repository>     </li>
<li>                <id>central</id>                                        </li>
<li>                <url>http://central</url>                           </li>
<li>                <releases>     </li>
<li>                    <enabled>true</enabled>     </li>
<li>                </releases>     </li>
<li>                <snapshots>     </li>
<li>                    <enabled>true</enabled>     </li>
<li>                </snapshots>     </li>
<li>            </repository>     </li>
<li>        </repositories>        </li>
<li>         <pluginRepositories>     </li>
<li>            <pluginRepository>     </li>
<li>              <id>central</id>     </li>
<li>              <url>http://central</url>     </li>
<li>              <releases>     </li>
<li>                <enabled>true</enabled>     </li>
<li>              </releases>     </li>
<li>              <snapshots>     </li>
<li>                <enabled>false</enabled>     </li>
<li>              </snapshots>     </li>
<li>            </pluginRepository>     </li>
<li>        </pluginRepositories>     </li>
<li>    </profile>     </li>
<li></profiles>    </li>
</ol></div>
<pre name="code" class="xml"> <profiles>
<profile>
<id>myprofile</id>
<repositories>
<repository>
<id>central</id>
<url>http://central</url>
<releases>
<enabled>true</enabled>
</releases>
<snapshots>
<enabled>true</enabled>
</snapshots>
</repository>
</repositories>
<pluginRepositories>
<pluginRepository>
<id>central</id>
<url>http://central</url>
<releases>
<enabled>true</enabled>
</releases>
<snapshots>
<enabled>false</enabled>
</snapshots>
</pluginRepository>
</pluginRepositories>
</profile>
</profiles> </pre>
 
 
 
2) 激活profile
<div class="dp-highlighter">
<div class="bar">
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</div>
<ol class="dp-xml">
<li><activeProfiles>     </li>
<li>    <activeProfile>myprofile</activeProfile>     </li>
<li>  </activeProfiles>    </li>
</ol></div>
<pre name="code" class="xml"> <activeProfiles>
<activeProfile>myprofile</activeProfile>
</activeProfiles> </pre>
</div>
<div style="text-align: left;"> </div>
<div style="text-align: left;">3）配置镜像</div>
<div style="text-align: left;">
<div class="dp-highlighter">
<div class="bar">
<div class="tools">Xml代码 <a title="复制代码" οnclick="dp.sh.Toolbar.CopyToClipboard(this);return false;" href="http://longzhun.iteye.com/blog/1745394"><iframe id="iframe_0.985558597794026" src="data:text/html;charset=utf8,%3Cimg%20id=%22img%22%20src=%22http://longzhun.iteye.com/images/icon_copy.gif?_=3687077%22%20style=%22border:none;max-width:1509px%22%3E%3Cscript%3Ewindow.onload%20=%20function%20()%20%7Bvar%20img%20=%20document.getElementById('img');%20window.parent.postMessage(%7BiframeId:'iframe_0.985558597794026',width:img.width,height:img.height%7D,%20'http://www.cnblogs.com');%7D%3C/script%3E" style="border: none; width: 0px; height: 0px;" frameborder="0" scrolling="no"></iframe></a> <a title="收藏这段代码" οnclick="code_favorites_do_favorite(this);return false;" href="javascript:void()"><iframe id="iframe_0.9076079002408719" src="data:text/html;charset=utf8,%3Cimg%20id=%22img%22%20src=%22http://longzhun.iteye.com/images/icon_star.png?_=3687077%22%20style=%22border:none;max-width:1509px%22%3E%3Cscript%3Ewindow.onload%20=%20function%20()%20%7Bvar%20img%20=%20document.getElementById('img');%20window.parent.postMessage(%7BiframeId:'iframe_0.9076079002408719',width:img.width,height:img.height%7D,%20'http://www.cnblogs.com');%7D%3C/script%3E" style="border: none; width: 0px; height: 0px;" frameborder="0" scrolling="no"></iframe><iframe id="iframe_0.8599226387188339" src="data:text/html;charset=utf8,%3Cimg%20id=%22img%22%20src=%22http://longzhun.iteye.com/images/spinner.gif?_=3687077%22%20style=%22border:none;max-width:1509px%22%3E%3Cscript%3Ewindow.onload%20=%20function%20()%20%7Bvar%20img%20=%20document.getElementById('img');%20window.parent.postMessage(%7BiframeId:'iframe_0.8599226387188339',width:img.width,height:img.height%7D,%20'http://www.cnblogs.com');%7D%3C/script%3E" style="border: none; width: 0px; height: 0px;" frameborder="0" scrolling="no"></iframe></a></div>
</div>
<ol class="dp-xml">
<li><mirrors>     </li>
<li>    <mirror>        </li>
<li>     <id>nexus</id>         </li>
<li>     <url>http://127.0.0.1:7788/nexus/content/groups/public/</url>        </li>
<li>     <mirrorOf>*</mirrorOf>        </li>
<li>   </mirror>     </li>
<li> </mirrors>    </li>
</ol></div>
<pre name="code" class="xml"> <mirrors>
<mirror>
<id>nexus</id>
<url>http://127.0.0.1:7788/nexus/content/groups/public/</url>
<mirrorOf>*</mirrorOf>
</mirror>
</mirrors> </pre>
 
这里配置mirrorOf的值为*，代表maven的所有访问请求都会指向到Nexus仓库组。
 
6、部署构件到Nexus仓库
6.1、maven部署
1）修改pom文件
在pom文件中添加如下配置：
<div class="dp-highlighter">
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<div class="tools">Xml代码 <a title="复制代码" οnclick="dp.sh.Toolbar.CopyToClipboard(this);return false;" href="http://longzhun.iteye.com/blog/1745394"><iframe id="iframe_0.29060347901607453" src="data:text/html;charset=utf8,%3Cimg%20id=%22img%22%20src=%22http://longzhun.iteye.com/images/icon_copy.gif?_=3687077%22%20style=%22border:none;max-width:1509px%22%3E%3Cscript%3Ewindow.onload%20=%20function%20()%20%7Bvar%20img%20=%20document.getElementById('img');%20window.parent.postMessage(%7BiframeId:'iframe_0.29060347901607453',width:img.width,height:img.height%7D,%20'http://www.cnblogs.com');%7D%3C/script%3E" style="border: none; width: 0px; height: 0px;" frameborder="0" scrolling="no"></iframe></a> <a title="收藏这段代码" οnclick="code_favorites_do_favorite(this);return false;" href="javascript:void()"><iframe id="iframe_0.3949239191272944" src="data:text/html;charset=utf8,%3Cimg%20id=%22img%22%20src=%22http://longzhun.iteye.com/images/icon_star.png?_=3687077%22%20style=%22border:none;max-width:1509px%22%3E%3Cscript%3Ewindow.onload%20=%20function%20()%20%7Bvar%20img%20=%20document.getElementById('img');%20window.parent.postMessage(%7BiframeId:'iframe_0.3949239191272944',width:img.width,height:img.height%7D,%20'http://www.cnblogs.com');%7D%3C/script%3E" style="border: none; width: 0px; height: 0px;" frameborder="0" scrolling="no"></iframe><iframe id="iframe_0.9974869284963068" src="data:text/html;charset=utf8,%3Cimg%20id=%22img%22%20src=%22http://longzhun.iteye.com/images/spinner.gif?_=3687077%22%20style=%22border:none;max-width:1509px%22%3E%3Cscript%3Ewindow.onload%20=%20function%20()%20%7Bvar%20img%20=%20document.getElementById('img');%20window.parent.postMessage(%7BiframeId:'iframe_0.9974869284963068',width:img.width,height:img.height%7D,%20'http://www.cnblogs.com');%7D%3C/script%3E" style="border: none; width: 0px; height: 0px;" frameborder="0" scrolling="no"></iframe></a></div>
</div>
<ol class="dp-xml">
<li><distributionManagement>     </li>
<li>       <repository>     </li>
<li>           <id>my-nexus-releases</id>     </li>
<li>           <url>http://127.0.0.1:7788/nexus/content/repositories/releases/</url>     </li>
<li>       </repository>     </li>
<li>            </li>
<li>       <snapshotRepository>     </li>
<li>           <id>my-nexus-snapshot</id>     </li>
<li>           <url>http://127.0.0.1:7788/nexus/content/repositories/snapshots/</url>     </li>
<li>       </snapshotRepository>     </li>
<li>  </distributionManagement>    </li>
</ol></div>
<pre name="code" class="xml"> <distributionManagement>
<repository>
<id>my-nexus-releases</id>
<url>http://127.0.0.1:7788/nexus/content/repositories/releases/</url>
</repository>

<snapshotRepository>
<id>my-nexus-snapshot</id>
<url>http://127.0.0.1:7788/nexus/content/repositories/snapshots/</url>
</snapshotRepository>
</distributionManagement> </pre>
</div>
<div style="text-align: left;"> 2）在setting.xml文件中添加认证信息：</div>
<div style="text-align: left;">
<div class="dp-highlighter">
<div class="bar">
<div class="tools">Xml代码 <a title="复制代码" οnclick="dp.sh.Toolbar.CopyToClipboard(this);return false;" href="http://longzhun.iteye.com/blog/1745394"><iframe id="iframe_0.4290514213129859" src="data:text/html;charset=utf8,%3Cimg%20id=%22img%22%20src=%22http://longzhun.iteye.com/images/icon_copy.gif?_=3687077%22%20style=%22border:none;max-width:1509px%22%3E%3Cscript%3Ewindow.onload%20=%20function%20()%20%7Bvar%20img%20=%20document.getElementById('img');%20window.parent.postMessage(%7BiframeId:'iframe_0.4290514213129859',width:img.width,height:img.height%7D,%20'http://www.cnblogs.com');%7D%3C/script%3E" style="border: none; width: 0px; height: 0px;" frameborder="0" scrolling="no"></iframe></a> <a title="收藏这段代码" οnclick="code_favorites_do_favorite(this);return false;" href="javascript:void()"><iframe id="iframe_0.44931435551765553" src="data:text/html;charset=utf8,%3Cimg%20id=%22img%22%20src=%22http://longzhun.iteye.com/images/icon_star.png?_=3687077%22%20style=%22border:none;max-width:1509px%22%3E%3Cscript%3Ewindow.onload%20=%20function%20()%20%7Bvar%20img%20=%20document.getElementById('img');%20window.parent.postMessage(%7BiframeId:'iframe_0.44931435551765553',width:img.width,height:img.height%7D,%20'http://www.cnblogs.com');%7D%3C/script%3E" style="border: none; width: 0px; height: 0px;" frameborder="0" scrolling="no"></iframe><iframe id="iframe_0.3327436205345" src="data:text/html;charset=utf8,%3Cimg%20id=%22img%22%20src=%22http://longzhun.iteye.com/images/spinner.gif?_=3687077%22%20style=%22border:none;max-width:1509px%22%3E%3Cscript%3Ewindow.onload%20=%20function%20()%20%7Bvar%20img%20=%20document.getElementById('img');%20window.parent.postMessage(%7BiframeId:'iframe_0.3327436205345',width:img.width,height:img.height%7D,%20'http://www.cnblogs.com');%7D%3C/script%3E" style="border: none; width: 0px; height: 0px;" frameborder="0" scrolling="no"></iframe></a></div>
</div>
<ol class="dp-xml">
<li><servers>     </li>
<li>     <server>     </li>
<li>      <id>my-nexus-releases</id>     </li>
<li>      <username>admin</username>     </li>
<li>      <password>admin123</password>     </li>
<li>    </server>     </li>
<li>    <server>     </li>
<li>      <id>my-nexus-snapshot</id>     </li>
<li>      <username>admin</username>     </li>
<li>      <password>admin123</password>     </li>
<li>    </server>     </li>
<li></servers>    </li>
</ol></div>
<pre name="code" class="xml"> <servers>
<server>
<id>my-nexus-releases</id>
<username>admin</username>
<password>admin123</password>
</server>
<server>
<id>my-nexus-snapshot</id>
<username>admin</username>
<password>admin123</password>
</server>
</servers> </pre>
</div>
<div style="text-align: left;"> 上面的配置中我用的是超级管理员的账户，开发项目中可以改为具有部署构件权限的用户就可以了。</div>
<div style="text-align: left;">
3）执行部署
测试的构件项目信息如下：
<div class="dp-highlighter">
<div class="bar">
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</div>
<ol class="dp-xml">
<li><groupId>com.ez</groupId>     </li>
<li>  <artifactId>TestJar</artifactId>     </li>
<li>  <version>1.0</version>     </li>
<li>  <packaging>jar</packaging>     </li>
<li>  <name>TestJar</name>    </li>
</ol></div>
<pre name="code" class="xml"> <groupId>com.ez</groupId>
<artifactId>TestJar</artifactId>
<version>1.0</version>
<packaging>jar</packaging>
<name>TestJar</name> </pre>
 
从上面的信息中可以看出构件为发布版本，所以部署构件的话会自动部署至releases仓库中。
 
在命令行中执行：mvn clean deploy
如果之前没用执行过该命令，maven会自动到中央仓库中下载部署所需的插件。最后在命令行中看到如下所示就代表构件已经部署成功。
 
 
<img src="http://images.cnitblog.com/i/485345/201404/241822086857096.x-png" alt="">
到nexus的releases仓库中查看刚刚部署好的构件信息如下所示：
 
<img src="http://images.cnitblog.com/i/485345/201404/241822204515803.x-png" alt="">
如果部署失败的要检查一下用户是否有部署的权限，目标仓库是否允许部署，是否缺少部署所需的构件。
 
6.2、手动部署 
手动部署构件则更为简单了，在nexus的仓库列表中点击要部署的目标仓库，然后点击Artifact Upload选项卡看到下图所示：
 
<img src="http://images.cnitblog.com/i/485345/201404/241822389351389.x-png" alt="">
<div style="text-align: left;">通过以上配置运用Nexus搭建的私服基本上可以用了，更多配置需求可参考Nexus book.</div>
<div style="text-align: left;">Nexus book下载地址：<a href="http://download.youkuaiyun.com/detail/yaoqinzhou1943/4589583">http://download.youkuaiyun.com/detail/yaoqinzhou1943/4589583</a></div>
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