修改SCAN IP后不能通过SCAN IP连接实例

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本文解决了一台使用Oracle RAC环境的服务器，通过修改不同网段的SCANIP后，客户端通过SCANIP连接实例时报错的问题。通过检查服务端的本地监听状态、SCAN监听状态以及相关参数配置，最终定位到remote_listener参数为空导致的问题，并进行了相应的参数修改，使得客户端能够正常连接实例。

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环境：oracle rac 11.2.0.4 for linux x64 6.5，使用hosts文件解析单一的SCAN IP地址

成功修改不同网段的SCAN IP后，用客户端通过SCAN IP连接实例时报错：

ORA-12514: TNS: 监听程序当前无法识别连接描述符中请求的服务

检查服务端的服务运行状态正常：

[grid@rac1 ~]$ crsctl status res -t
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------
NAME TARGET STATE SERVER STATE_DETAILS
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Local Resources
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------
ora.CRS.dg
ONLINE ONLINE rac1
ONLINE ONLINE rac2
ora.DATA.dg
ONLINE ONLINE rac1
ONLINE ONLINE rac2
ora.FRA.dg
ONLINE ONLINE rac1
ONLINE ONLINE rac2
ora.LISTENER.lsnr
ONLINE ONLINE rac1
ONLINE ONLINE rac2
ora.asm
ONLINE ONLINE rac1 Started
ONLINE ONLINE rac2 Started
ora.gsd
OFFLINE OFFLINE rac1
OFFLINE OFFLINE rac2
ora.net1.network
ONLINE ONLINE rac1
ONLINE ONLINE rac2
ora.ons
ONLINE ONLINE rac1
ONLINE ONLINE rac2
ora.registry.acfs
ONLINE ONLINE rac1
ONLINE ONLINE rac2
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Cluster Resources
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------
ora.LISTENER_SCAN1.lsnr
1 ONLINE ONLINE rac1
ora.cvu
1 ONLINE ONLINE rac1
ora.oc4j
1 ONLINE ONLINE rac1
ora.orcl.db
1 ONLINE ONLINE rac1 Open
2 ONLINE ONLINE rac2 Open
ora.rac1.vip
1 ONLINE ONLINE rac1
ora.rac2.vip
1 ONLINE ONLINE rac2
ora.scan1.vip
1 ONLINE ONLINE rac1

检查服务端的本地监听状态正常：

[grid@rac1 ~]$ lsnrctl status listener

LSNRCTL for Linux: Version 11.2.0.4.0 - Production on 14-OCT-2015 18:06:16

Copyright (c) 1991, 2013, Oracle. All rights reserved.

Connecting to (DESCRIPTION=(ADDRESS=(PROTOCOL=IPC)(KEY=LISTENER)))
STATUS of the LISTENER
------------------------
Alias LISTENER
Version TNSLSNR for Linux: Version 11.2.0.4.0 - Production
Start Date 14-OCT-2015 17:43:32
Uptime 0 days 0 hr. 22 min. 44 sec
Trace Level off
Security ON: Local OS Authentication
SNMP OFF
Listener Parameter File /u01/app/11.2.0/grid/network/admin/listener.ora
Listener Log File /u01/app/grid/diag/tnslsnr/rac1/listener/alert/log.xml
Listening Endpoints Summary...
(DESCRIPTION=(ADDRESS=(PROTOCOL=ipc)(KEY=LISTENER)))
(DESCRIPTION=(ADDRESS=(PROTOCOL=tcp)(HOST=192.168.10.10)(PORT=1521)))
(DESCRIPTION=(ADDRESS=(PROTOCOL=tcp)(HOST=192.168.10.12)(PORT=1521)))
Services Summary...
Service "+ASM" has 1 instance(s).
Instance "+ASM1", status READY, has 1 handler(s) for this service...
Service "orcl" has 1 instance(s).
Instance "orcl1", status READY, has 1 handler(s) for this service...
Service "orclXDB" has 1 instance(s).
Instance "orcl1", status READY, has 1 handler(s) for this service...
The command completed successfully

检查服务端的SCAN监听状态异常，数据库实例没有动态注册到SCAN监听器上：

[grid@rac1 ~]$ lsnrctl status LISTENER_SCAN1

LSNRCTL for Linux: Version 11.2.0.4.0 - Production on 14-OCT-2015 18:07:19

Copyright (c) 1991, 2013, Oracle. All rights reserved.

Connecting to (DESCRIPTION=(ADDRESS=(PROTOCOL=IPC)(KEY=LISTENER_SCAN1)))
STATUS of the LISTENER
------------------------
Alias LISTENER_SCAN1
Version TNSLSNR for Linux: Version 11.2.0.4.0 - Production
Start Date 14-OCT-2015 17:43:31
Uptime 0 days 0 hr. 23 min. 48 sec
Trace Level off
Security ON: Local OS Authentication
SNMP OFF
Listener Parameter File /u01/app/11.2.0/grid/network/admin/listener.ora
Listener Log File /u01/app/11.2.0/grid/log/diag/tnslsnr/rac1/listener_scan1/alert/log.xml
Listening Endpoints Summary...
(DESCRIPTION=(ADDRESS=(PROTOCOL=ipc)(KEY=LISTENER_SCAN1)))
(DESCRIPTION=(ADDRESS=(PROTOCOL=tcp)(HOST=192.168.10.14)(PORT=1521)))
The listener supports no services
The command completed successfully

本地监听器会在本地节点的公共IP地址和VIP地址上监听，SCAN监听器会在SCAN VIP上监听。

每个节点的实例在启动的时候会向本地监听器和所有的SCAN监听器注册。

本地监听器注册是由实例的LOCAL_LISTENER参数控制，下面查看该参数：

SQL> show parameter local_listener

NAME TYPE VALUE
------------------------------------ ----------- ------------------------------
local_listener string (DESCRIPTION=(ADDRESS_LIST=(AD
DRESS=(PROTOCOL=TCP)(HOST=192.
168.10.12)(PORT=1521))))

SCAN监听器的注册是由remote_listener参数控制的，任何实例都会向所有的SCAN监听器注册，下面查看该参数：

SQL> show parameter remote_listener

NAME TYPE VALUE
------------------------------------ ----------- ------------------------------
remote_listener string

发现remote_listener参数值为空，这才导致SCAN监听器不能动态注册，客户端不能通过SCAN IP连接实例，下面修改该参数：

SQL> alter system set REMOTE_LISTENER='scan-ip:1521' scope=both sid='*';

System altered.

SQL> show parameter remote_listener

NAME TYPE VALUE
------------------------------------ ----------- ------------------------------
remote_listener string scan-ip:1521

SQL> alter system register;

System altered.

[grid@rac1 ~]$ lsnrctl status LISTENER_SCAN1

LSNRCTL for Linux: Version 11.2.0.4.0 - Production on 14-OCT-2015 18:16:40

Copyright (c) 1991, 2013, Oracle. All rights reserved.

Connecting to (DESCRIPTION=(ADDRESS=(PROTOCOL=IPC)(KEY=LISTENER_SCAN1)))
STATUS of the LISTENER
------------------------
Alias LISTENER_SCAN1
Version TNSLSNR for Linux: Version 11.2.0.4.0 - Production
Start Date 14-OCT-2015 17:43:31
Uptime 0 days 0 hr. 33 min. 9 sec
Trace Level off
Security ON: Local OS Authentication
SNMP OFF
Listener Parameter File /u01/app/11.2.0/grid/network/admin/listener.ora
Listener Log File /u01/app/11.2.0/grid/log/diag/tnslsnr/rac1/listener_scan1/alert/log.xml
Listening Endpoints Summary...
(DESCRIPTION=(ADDRESS=(PROTOCOL=ipc)(KEY=LISTENER_SCAN1)))
(DESCRIPTION=(ADDRESS=(PROTOCOL=tcp)(HOST=192.168.10.14)(PORT=1521)))
Services Summary...
Service "orcl" has 2 instance(s).
Instance "orcl1", status READY, has 1 handler(s) for this service...
Instance "orcl2", status READY, has 1 handler(s) for this service...
Service "orclXDB" has 2 instance(s).
Instance "orcl1", status READY, has 1 handler(s) for this service...
Instance "orcl2", status READY, has 1 handler(s) for this service...
The command completed successfully

客户端连接正常。