17-Cannot initialize context because there is already a root application

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本文介绍了一种在启动整合了webwork、ibatis和spring的J2EE项目时遇到的错误及其解决方法。错误主要源于Spring上下文的重复加载问题，通过清除Tomcat缓存、检查log4j配置文件及调整web.xml配置可以有效解决。

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今天在csdn上面下载了一个webwork\ibatis\spring整合的J2EE项目，启动运行的时候出现这个错误，解决方法就是按照下面提供的方法进行逐一检查。
我使用的是将web.xml文件中的SpringLoaderServlet这个Spring的Servlet。

2009-8-5 15:56:41 org.apache.catalina.core.AprLifecycleListener init
信息: The Apache Tomcat Native library which allows optimal performance in production environments was not found on the java.library.path: D:\Program Files\MyEclipse 6.0\bin;D:\Program Files\MyEclipse 6.0\myeclipse\eclipse\plugins\com.genuitec.eclipse.easie.tomcat.myeclipse_6.0.1.zmyeclipse601200710\tomcat\bin
2009-8-5 15:56:41 org.apache.coyote.http11.Http11Protocol init
信息: Initializing Coyote HTTP/1.1 on http-8080
2009-8-5 15:56:41 org.apache.catalina.startup.Catalina load
信息: Initialization processed in 625 ms
2009-8-5 15:56:41 org.apache.catalina.core.StandardService start
信息: Starting service Catalina
2009-8-5 15:56:41 org.apache.catalina.core.StandardEngine start
信息: Starting Servlet Engine: Apache Tomcat/6.0.13
2009-8-5 15:56:43 org.apache.catalina.core.ApplicationContext log
信息: Initializing Spring root WebApplicationContext
log4j:WARN No appenders could be found for logger (org.springframework.web.context.ContextLoader).
log4j:WARN Please initialize the log4j system properly.
2009-8-5 15:56:46 org.apache.catalina.core.ApplicationContext log
严重: StandardWrapper.Throwable
java.lang.IllegalStateException: Cannot initialize context because there is already a root application context present - check whether you have multiple ContextLoader* definitions in your web.xml!
at org.springframework.web.context.ContextLoader.initWebApplicationContext(ContextLoader.java:171)
at org.springframework.web.context.ContextLoaderServlet.init(ContextLoaderServlet.java:82)
at javax.servlet.GenericServlet.init(GenericServlet.java:212)
at org.apache.catalina.core.StandardWrapper.loadServlet(StandardWrapper.java:1161)
at org.apache.catalina.core.StandardWrapper.load(StandardWrapper.java:981)
at org.apache.catalina.core.StandardContext.loadOnStartup(StandardContext.java:4042)
at org.apache.catalina.core.StandardContext.start(StandardContext.java:4348)
at org.apache.catalina.core.ContainerBase.addChildInternal(ContainerBase.java:791)
at org.apache.catalina.core.ContainerBase.addChild(ContainerBase.java:771)
at org.apache.catalina.core.StandardHost.addChild(StandardHost.java:525)
at org.apache.catalina.startup.HostConfig.deployDirectory(HostConfig.java:920)
at org.apache.catalina.startup.HostConfig.deployDirectories(HostConfig.java:883)
at org.apache.catalina.startup.HostConfig.deployApps(HostConfig.java:492)
at org.apache.catalina.startup.HostConfig.start(HostConfig.java:1138)
at org.apache.catalina.startup.HostConfig.lifecycleEvent(HostConfig.java:311)
at org.apache.catalina.util.LifecycleSupport.fireLifecycleEvent(LifecycleSupport.java:117)
at org.apache.catalina.core.ContainerBase.start(ContainerBase.java:1053)
at org.apache.catalina.core.StandardHost.start(StandardHost.java:719)
at org.apache.catalina.core.ContainerBase.start(ContainerBase.java:1045)
at org.apache.catalina.core.StandardEngine.start(StandardEngine.java:443)
at org.apache.catalina.core.StandardService.start(StandardService.java:516)
at org.apache.catalina.core.StandardServer.start(StandardServer.java:710)
at org.apache.catalina.startup.Catalina.start(Catalina.java:566)
at sun.reflect.NativeMethodAccessorImpl.invoke0(Native Method)
at sun.reflect.NativeMethodAccessorImpl.invoke(Unknown Source)
at sun.reflect.DelegatingMethodAccessorImpl.invoke(Unknown Source)
at java.lang.reflect.Method.invoke(Unknown Source)
at org.apache.catalina.startup.Bootstrap.start(Bootstrap.java:288)
at org.apache.catalina.startup.Bootstrap.main(Bootstrap.java:413)
2009-8-5 15:56:46 org.apache.catalina.core.StandardContext loadOnStartup
严重: Servlet /hdDate threw load() exception
java.lang.IllegalStateException: Cannot initialize context because there is already a root application context present - check whether you have multiple ContextLoader* definitions in your web.xml!
at org.springframework.web.context.ContextLoader.initWebApplicationContext(ContextLoader.java:171)
at org.springframework.web.context.ContextLoaderServlet.init(ContextLoaderServlet.java:82)
at javax.servlet.GenericServlet.init(GenericServlet.java:212)
at org.apache.catalina.core.StandardWrapper.loadServlet(StandardWrapper.java:1161)
at org.apache.catalina.core.StandardWrapper.load(StandardWrapper.java:981)
at org.apache.catalina.core.StandardContext.loadOnStartup(StandardContext.java:4042)
at org.apache.catalina.core.StandardContext.start(StandardContext.java:4348)
at org.apache.catalina.core.ContainerBase.addChildInternal(ContainerBase.java:791)
at org.apache.catalina.core.ContainerBase.addChild(ContainerBase.java:771)
at org.apache.catalina.core.StandardHost.addChild(StandardHost.java:525)
at org.apache.catalina.startup.HostConfig.deployDirectory(HostConfig.java:920)
at org.apache.catalina.startup.HostConfig.deployDirectories(HostConfig.java:883)
at org.apache.catalina.startup.HostConfig.deployApps(HostConfig.java:492)
at org.apache.catalina.startup.HostConfig.start(HostConfig.java:1138)
at org.apache.catalina.startup.HostConfig.lifecycleEvent(HostConfig.java:311)
at org.apache.catalina.util.LifecycleSupport.fireLifecycleEvent(LifecycleSupport.java:117)
at org.apache.catalina.core.ContainerBase.start(ContainerBase.java:1053)
at org.apache.catalina.core.StandardHost.start(StandardHost.java:719)
at org.apache.catalina.core.ContainerBase.start(ContainerBase.java:1045)
at org.apache.catalina.core.StandardEngine.start(StandardEngine.java:443)
at org.apache.catalina.core.StandardService.start(StandardService.java:516)
at org.apache.catalina.core.StandardServer.start(StandardServer.java:710)
at org.apache.catalina.startup.Catalina.start(Catalina.java:566)
at sun.reflect.NativeMethodAccessorImpl.invoke0(Native Method)
at sun.reflect.NativeMethodAccessorImpl.invoke(Unknown Source)
at sun.reflect.DelegatingMethodAccessorImpl.invoke(Unknown Source)
at java.lang.reflect.Method.invoke(Unknown Source)
at org.apache.catalina.startup.Bootstrap.start(Bootstrap.java:288)
at org.apache.catalina.startup.Bootstrap.main(Bootstrap.java:413)
2009-8-5 15:56:46 org.apache.coyote.http11.Http11Protocol start
信息: Starting Coyote HTTP/1.1 on http-8080
2009-8-5 15:56:47 org.apache.jk.common.ChannelSocket init
信息: JK: ajp13 listening on /0.0.0.0:8009
2009-8-5 15:56:47 org.apache.jk.server.JkMain start
信息: Jk running ID=0 time=0/31 config=null
2009-8-5 15:56:47 org.apache.catalina.startup.Catalina start
信息: Server startup in 5315 ms

解决方法：
1、清空 tomcat的work目录
2、检查 log4j 的配置文件是否存在
3、检查 web。xml 中是否spring 的配置多了什么东东，例如，
如下的代码：


context
org.springframework.web.context.ContextLoaderServlet
1

4、重新启动 tomcat

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