当我们通过一个表单验证来连接数据库时,最关键的就是要确保浏览器的resquest端和服务器的response端能够统一编码,这样请求和返回的信息才能够正确,否则就会出现乱码问题。
如:
当编码不统一时返回信息:
统一编码后:
当然这样的问题还会出现在resquest端,当我们的resquest和response端编码不统一时就会出现如上的编码错误。
如:通过浏览器提交请求,通过resquest的相关方法获取到请求值之后输出结果如图。
在服务端输出:
统一编码后输出:
好了现在先来看关于response应答时的乱码问题的处理:
例如通过以不同的方式输出统一个”上海“ 字样时会有不同的结果,借此我们来解决所遇到的乱码问题。
问题一:
- MyServlet.java
- package net.csdn.servlet;
- import java.io.FileInputStream;
- import java.io.FileNotFoundException;
- import java.io.FileOutputStream;
- import java.io.IOException;
- import java.io.OutputStream;
- import java.io.PrintWriter;
- import javax.servlet.ServletException;
- import javax.servlet.ServletResponse;
- import javax.servlet.http.HttpServlet;
- import javax.servlet.http.HttpServletRequest;
- import javax.servlet.http.HttpServletResponse;
- public class MyServlet extends HttpServlet {
- public void doGet(HttpServletRequest request, HttpServletResponse response)
- throws ServletException, IOException {
- testEncoding1(response);
- }
- public void testEncoding1(ServletResponse response) throws IOException{
- String content = "上海";
- OutputStream os = response.getOutputStream();
- //这里默认的写入到response相应头中的编码方式为GB2312这正好要与浏览器默认编码方式相同
- //所以可以正常解析
- os.write(content.getBytes());
- }
如:
但我们如果指定response的输入编码集时:
方法二:
- public void testEncoding2(ServletResponse response) throws IOException{
- String content = "上海";
- OutputStream os = response.getOutputStream();
- //这里由于指定了的写入到response相应头中的编码方式为utf-8而浏览器默认编码方却仍是GB2312
- //所以解析出现乱码
- os.write(content.getBytes("utf-8"));
- }

解决方式:
- public void testEncoding3(ServletResponse response) throws IOException{
- String content = "上海";
- OutputStream os = response.getOutputStream();
- //这里由于指定了的写入到response相应头中的编码方式为utf-8而浏览器默认编码方却仍是GB2312
- //所以解析出现乱码
- os.write(content.getBytes("utf-8"));
- //解决方法:为响应信息设置响应头告诉浏览器以utf-8的方式来解析编码或者在浏览器一端将编码方式
- //改为utf-8也可解决该问题
- response.setContentType("text/html;charset = utf-8");
- }

方法三:
- public void testEncoding4(HttpServletResponse response) throws IOException{
- String content = "上海";
- // response.setContentType("text/html;charset = utf-8");
- OutputStream os = response.getOutputStream();
- //这里由于指定了的写入到response相应头中的编码方式为utf-8而浏览器默认编码方却仍是GB2312
- //所以解析出现乱码
- os.write(content.getBytes("utf-8"));
- }

解决:
- public void testEncoding4(HttpServletResponse response) throws IOException{
- String content = "上海";
- OutputStream os = response.getOutputStream();
- //这里由于指定了的写入到response相应头中的编码方式为utf-8而浏览器默认编码方却仍是GB2312
- //所以解析出现乱码
- os.write(content.getBytes("utf-8"));
- //解决方法:为响应信息设置响应头告诉浏览器以utf-8的方式来解析编码或者在浏览器一端将编码方式
- //改为utf-8也可解决该问题
- // response.setContentType("text/html;charset = utf-8");
- //以另一种方式设置响应头告知浏览器的解码方式
- response.setHeader("Content-Type", "text/html;charset = utf-8");
- }
可正确输出”上海“
方法四及解决:
- public void testEncoding5(ServletResponse response) throws IOException{
- String content = "上海";
- OutputStream os = response.getOutputStream();
- os.write(content.getBytes("utf-8"));
- //不是发送响应头而是向浏览器输出一段<meta />标签来告知浏览器按照相应的utf-8来解析
- os.write("<meta http-equiv='content-type' content='text/html; charset=UTF-8'>".getBytes());
- }
方法五及解决:
- public void testEncoding6(ServletResponse response) throws IOException{
- String content = "上海";
- //使用的默认编码集是iso8859-1而浏览器的编码却是utf-8故出现乱码问题
- PrintWriter pw = response.getWriter();
- pw.println(content);
- }
解决:
- public void testEncoding6(ServletResponse response) throws IOException{
- String content = "上海";
- //解决方式同上:
- //设置响应头的编码方式
- response.setCharacterEncoding("UTF-8");
- //通过响应头告诉浏览器正确的解码方式
- response.setContentType("text/html;charset = UTF-8");
- //使用的默认编码集是iso8859-1而浏览器的编码却是utf-8故出现乱码问题
- PrintWriter pw = response.getWriter();
- pw.println(content);
- }
方法六及解决:
- public void testEncoding7(ServletResponse response) throws IOException{
- int content = 14;
- //使用的默认编码集是iso8859-1而浏览器的编码却是utf-8故出现乱码问题
- PrintWriter pw = response.getWriter();
- pw.write(content);
- }
如图:
解决:
- public void testEncoding8(ServletResponse response) throws IOException{
- int content = 14;
- //解决方式同上:
- //设置响应头的编码方式
- response.setCharacterEncoding("UTF-8");
- //通过响应头告诉浏览器正确的解码方式
- response.setContentType("text/html;charset = UTF-8");
- //使用的默认编码集是iso8859-1而浏览器的编码却是utf-8故出现乱码问题
- PrintWriter pw = response.getWriter();
- pw.println(content);
- }

关于request:
问题:
- UserServlet.java
- package com.user.servlet;
- import java.io.IOException;
- import javax.servlet.ServletException;
- import javax.servlet.http.HttpServlet;
- import javax.servlet.http.HttpServletRequest;
- import javax.servlet.http.HttpServletResponse;
- import com.userbean.User;
- import com.userdao.UserDao;
- import com.userimpl.UserImpl;
- public class UserServlet extends HttpServlet {
- public void doGet(HttpServletRequest request, HttpServletResponse response)
- throws ServletException, IOException {
- String username = request.getParameter("username");
- String password = request.getParameter("password");
- System.out.println(username);
- System.out.println(password);
- UserDao ud = new UserImpl();
- boolean b = ud.findUser(username, password);
- if(b == false){
- response.setContentType("text/html;charset=UTF-8 ");
- response.getWriter().write("用户名或密码有误,请重新确认输入!");
- }else{
- response.setContentType("text/html;charset=UTF-8 ");
- response.getWriter().write("登陆成功!");
- }
- }
- public void doPost(HttpServletRequest request, HttpServletResponse response)
- throws ServletException, IOException {
- doGet(request, response);
- }
- }
解决后:
- package com.user.servlet;
- import java.io.IOException;
- import javax.servlet.ServletException;
- import javax.servlet.http.HttpServlet;
- import javax.servlet.http.HttpServletRequest;
- import javax.servlet.http.HttpServletResponse;
- import com.userbean.User;
- import com.userdao.UserDao;
- import com.userimpl.UserImpl;
- public class UserServlet extends HttpServlet {
- public void doGet(HttpServletRequest request, HttpServletResponse response)
- throws ServletException, IOException {
- //为request指定编码
- request.setCharacterEncoding("UTF-8");
- String username = request.getParameter("username");
- String password = request.getParameter("password");
- System.out.println(username);
- System.out.println(password);
- UserDao ud = new UserImpl();
- boolean b = ud.findUser(username, password);
- if(b == false){
- response.setContentType("text/html;charset=UTF-8 ");
- response.getWriter().write("用户名或密码有误,请重新确认输入!");
- }else{
- response.setContentType("text/html;charset=UTF-8 ");
- response.getWriter().write("登陆成功!");
- }
- }
- public void doPost(HttpServletRequest request, HttpServletResponse response)
- throws ServletException, IOException {
- doGet(request, response);
- }
- }

好了,现在你已经知道了如何去处理resquest和response的相关编码问题了,赶快自己试一试吧!