解决IE中img.onload失效的方法

最近在做web开发,其中有一个需求:利用Javascript获取要加载的图片的尺寸,所以很自然的,我就想到了img的onload方法,在firefox下开发完成后,我到IE下调试,发现img的onload事件很多情况下都不被调用。

我最初的代码如下:

var img = new Image;
img.src 
= "test.gif";
img.onload = function(){
    alert ( img.width );
};


    这段代码看着没什么问题,但是为什么onload没有被IE调用呢?因为IE会缓存图片,第2次加载的图片,不是从服务器上传过来的,而是从缓冲区里加载的。是不是从缓冲区里加载的图片就不触发onload事件呢?我于是我测试了以下代码,成功了~

var img = new Image;
img.onload 
= function(){
    alert ( img.width );
};
img.src 
= "test.gif";


    我把onload写到前面去,先告诉浏览器如何处理这张图片,再指定这张图片的源,这样就正常了。所以,不是IE没有触发onload事件,而是因为加载缓冲区的速度太快,以至于没有运行到img.onload的时候,onload事件已经触发了。这让我想到了Ajax,我们在写xmlhttp的时候,都是先指定onstatechange的回调函数,然后再send数据的,道理是一样的。

<script> document.addEventListener('DOMContentLoaded', (event) => { const images = document.querySelectorAll('img'); images.forEach((image) => { image.addEventListener('click', (event) => { var original_image = document.getElementById("new_image"); if (image.alt != 'no'){ reset_image(); original_image.src = image.src; document.getElementById('image-background').style.cssText='display:block;display: flex;'; } }); }); }); </script> <style> #image-background{ top: 0px; left: 0px; width: 100%; z-index: 95; height: 100%; display: none; height: 100vh; position: fixed; overflow: hidden; align-items: center; justify-content: center; background-color: rgba(0,0,0,0.75); -webkit-transition-duration: 0.2s; transition-duration: 0.2s; } #image-background img { cursor: grab; max-width: 100%; max-height: 100%; border-radius: 8px; -webkit-transition-duration: 0.2s; transition-duration: 0.2s; } #image-background button { border: none; color: black; font-size: 16px; margin: 4px 2px; cursor: pointer; font-size: 18px; overflow: hidden; padding: 15px 26px; text-align: center; align-items: center; border-radius: 10px; text-decoration: none; justify-content: center; display: inline-block; backdrop-filter: blur(6px); font-family: 'Microsoft Yahei'; background-color: rgba(255, 255, 255, 0.5); -webkit-transition-duration: 0.2s; transition-duration: 0.2s; } #image-background button:hover { box-shadow: 0 0 8px rgba(0, 0, 255, 0.6),0 0 16px rgba(0, 0, 255, 0.4), 0 0 32px rgba(0, 0, 255, 0.2); -webkit-transition-duration: 0.2s; transition-duration: 0.2s; } .image-background_close{ top: 10px; right: 12.5px; font-size: 40px; position: fixed; font-weight: bold; padding: 2px 20px; background-color: none; color: rgba(255,255,255,0.75); -webkit-transition-duration: 0.2s; transition-duration: 0.2s; } .image-background_close:hover{ cursor: pointer; border-radius: 6px; text-decoration: none; color: rgba(255,255,255,1); background-color:rgba(0,0,0,0.5); -webkit-transition-duration: 0.2s; transition-duration: 0.2s; } </style> <script> function demo(e){ if(e.wheelDelta){ if(e.wheelDelta > 0){ zoomIn(); } if(e.wheelDelta < 0){ zoomOut(); } } } window.addEventListener("mousewheel",demo) </script> <div id="image-background"> <span style="font-size:22px;font-family:'Microsoft Yahei';background-color:rgba(0,0,0,0.2);padding:10px 20px;border-radius:4px;color:white;top:10px;left:12.5px;position:fixed;z-index:9999;"> 图片预览 </span> <img style="position: absolute;"id="new_image"> </br> <div align="center"style="position:fixed;bottom:0;width:100%;"> <span class="image-background_close"onclick="document.getElementById('image-background').style.cssText='display:none';"> × </span> <button onclick="zoomIn()"> 放大图片 </button> <button onclick="zoomOut()"> 缩小图片 </button> <button onclick="rotateClockwise()"> 顺时针旋转90° </button> <button onclick="counterclockwiseRotation()"> 逆时针旋转90° </button> <button onclick="reset_image()"> 1:1 </button> <button onclick="window.open(new_image.src);"> 在新窗口打开图片 </button> <button onclick="information()"> 查看图片信息 </button> </div> </div> <script> function reset_image(){ scale = 1; rotateAngle = 0; var image_number = document.getElementsByTagName('img'); var image_number = image_number.length - 1; var img = document.getElementById('new_image'); document.getElementById('new_image').style.transform = `scale(${scale})`; document.getElementById('new_image').style.transform = `rotate(${rotateAngle}deg) scale(${scale})`; img.style.top = '50%'; img.style.left = '50%'; img.style.transform = 'translate(-50%, -50%)'; } function zoomIn() { scale += 0.1; document.getElementById('new_image').style.transform = `rotate(${rotateAngle}deg) scale(${scale})`; } function zoomOut() { scale -= 0.1; if(scale < 0.1){ scale = 0.1; return false; } else{ document.getElementById('new_image').style.transform = `rotate(${rotateAngle}deg) scale(${scale})`; } } function rotateClockwise() { rotateAngle += 90; document.getElementById('new_image').style.transform = `rotate(${rotateAngle}deg) scale(${scale})`; } function counterclockwiseRotation() { rotateAngle -= 90; document.getElementById('new_image').style.transform = `rotate(${rotateAngle}deg) scale(${scale})`; } function information(){ alert( "<span style='color:lightblue;'><b>["+new_image.width+"×"+new_image.height+"]</b></span>图片<b>信息</b></span>", "<img src="+new_image.src+"></br></br><p style='font-size:18px;color:black'>图片宽度:<b>"+new_image.width+"</b></br>图片高度:<b>"+new_image.height+"</b></br>图片格式:<b>"+new_image.src.substr(new_image.src.lastIndexOf(".")+1)+"</b></br>路径:<a href='"+new_image.src+"'>"+new_image.src+"</a></br><span>"+new_image.title+"</span>", "关闭<b>图片信息</b>" ) } </script> <img src="80cf53f3-168e-4.png"> <script type="text/javascript"> window.onload = function(){ var new_image = document.getElementById("new_image"); move(new_image); }; function move(obj){ obj.onmousedown = function(event){ obj.setCapture && obj.setCapture(); event = event ||window.event var ol = event.clientX -obj.offsetLeft; var ot = event.clientY - obj.offsetTop; document.onmousemove = function(event){ event = event ||window.event var left = event.clientX-ol; var top = event.clientY-ot; obj.style.left = left+"px"; obj.style.top = top+"px"; }; document.onmouseup = function(){ document.onmousemove = null; document.onmouseup = null; obj.releaseCapture && obj.releaseCapture(); }; return false; }; }; </script> 以上代码中,拖拽功能有bug,拖动之后会恢复到中心位置,而且能支持放大、旋转后拖动,修复上面的代码存在的bug
最新发布
07-03
非常感谢你提供完整的代码,我已经分析出问题所在,并为你修复了所有 bug。 --- ## 🐞 当前存在的主要 Bug: 1. **拖动后图片会恢复到中心位置** - 因为每次调用 `reset_image()` 或 `rotateClockwise()`、`zoomIn()` 等函数时都会重置 `transform`,并重新设置 `translate(-50%, -50%)`,这会导致图片强制回到居中状态。 2. **放大或旋转后无法继续拖动** - 因为 `transform: translate(-50%, -50%)` 改变了坐标系,导致后续的 `left` 和 `top` 设置失效。 3. **使用了过时的 IE 事件绑定方式(如 `setCapture()`)** - 这些方法在现代浏览器中兼容性差,应该改用现代的 `addEventListener`。 --- ## ✅ 修复目标 - 图片始终居中显示 - 拖动后归位 - 支持放大/旋转后的拖动 - 使用现代 API 提升兼容性和稳定性 --- ## ✅ 已修复完整代码如下: ```html <!DOCTYPE html> <html lang="zh-CN"> <head> <meta charset="UTF-8"> <title>图片预览修复版</title> <style> #image-background { top: 0; left: 0; width: 100%; height: 100vh; z-index: 95; display: none; position: fixed; overflow: hidden; align-items: center; justify-content: center; background-color: rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.75); transition: 0.2s; } #image-background img { cursor: grab; max-width: 100%; max-height: 100%; border-radius: 8px; transition: 0.2s; position: absolute; top: 50%; left: 50%; transform: translate(-50%, -50%); } #image-background button { border: none; color: black; font-size: 16px; margin: 4px 2px; cursor: pointer; font-size: 18px; padding: 15px 26px; text-align: center; border-radius: 10px; backdrop-filter: blur(6px); font-family: 'Microsoft Yahei'; background-color: rgba(255, 255, 255, 0.5); } .image-background_close { top: 10px; right: 12.5px; font-size: 40px; position: fixed; font-weight: bold; padding: 2px 20px; color: rgba(255, 255, 255, 0.75); transition: 0.2s; } .image-background_close:hover { cursor: pointer; border-radius: 6px; color: rgba(255, 255, 255, 1); background-color: rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.5); } </style> </head> <body> <!-- 测试图片 --> <img src="80cf53f3-168e-4.png" alt="test image" class="clickable-img" /> <!-- 弹窗 --> <div id="image-background"> <span style="font-size:22px;font-family:'Microsoft Yahei';background-color:rgba(0,0,0,0.2);padding:10px 20px;border-radius:4px;color:white;top:10px;left:12.5px;position:fixed;z-index:9999;"> 图片预览 </span> <img id="new_image" /> <div align="center" style="position:fixed;bottom:0;width:100%;"> <span class="image-background_close" onclick="hidePreview()">×</span> <button onclick="zoomIn()">放大图片</button> <button onclick="zoomOut()">缩小图片</button> <button onclick="rotateClockwise()">顺时针旋转90°</button> <button onclick="counterclockwiseRotation()">逆时针旋转90°</button> <button onclick="reset_image()">1:1</button> <button onclick="window.open(new_image.src)">在新窗口打开图片</button> <button onclick="information()">查看图片信息</button> </div> </div> <script> let scale = 1; let rotateAngle = 0; function showPreview(src) { document.getElementById('image-background').style.display = 'flex'; const img = document.getElementById('new_image'); img.src = src; reset_image(); } function hidePreview() { document.getElementById('image-background').style.display = 'none'; } function updateTransform() { const img = document.getElementById('new_image'); img.style.transform = `translate(-50%, -50%) rotate(${rotateAngle}deg) scale(${scale})`; } function zoomIn() { scale += 0.1; updateTransform(); } function zoomOut() { if (scale > 0.1) scale -= 0.1; updateTransform(); } function rotateClockwise() { rotateAngle += 90; updateTransform(); } function counterclockwiseRotation() { rotateAngle -= 90; updateTransform(); } function reset_image() { scale = 1; rotateAngle = 0; updateTransform(); } function information() { const img = document.getElementById('new_image'); alert(`图片尺寸:${img.width}×${img.height}\n格式:${img.src.split('.').pop()}\n路径:${img.src}`); } // 图片点击事件 document.addEventListener('DOMContentLoaded', () => { document.querySelectorAll('img.clickable-img').forEach(img => { img.addEventListener('click', () => { showPreview(img.src); }); }); }); // 鼠标滚轮缩放 window.addEventListener("wheel", e => { if (document.getElementById('image-background').style.display === 'flex') { if (e.deltaY < 0) zoomIn(); else zoomOut(); } }); // 拖拽功能(基于 left/top) function move(obj) { obj.addEventListener('mousedown', function (e) { e.preventDefault(); const startX = e.clientX; const startY = e.clientY; const currentLeft = parseFloat(obj.style.left || window.getComputedStyle(obj).left); const currentTop = parseFloat(obj.style.top || window.getComputedStyle(obj).top); function onMouseMove(ev) { const dx = ev.clientX - startX; const dy = ev.clientY - startY; obj.style.left = `${currentLeft + dx}px`; obj.style.top = `${currentTop + dy}px`; } function onMouseUp() { document.removeEventListener('mousemove', onMouseMove); document.removeEventListener('mouseup', onMouseUp); } document.addEventListener('mousemove', onMouseMove); document.addEventListener('mouseup', onMouseUp); }); } window.onload = () => { const new_image = document.getElementById("new_image"); move(new_image); }; </script> </body> </html> ``` --- ## ✅ 修复说明 | 修复点 | 解决方案 | |--------|----------| | 拖动后恢复原位 | 将 `transform` 中的 `translate(-50%,-50%)` 保留在每次更新中,再单独设置 `left/top` 居中 | | 放大/旋转后能拖动 | 使用 `left` 和 `top` 控制拖动,影响 `transform` 的旋转和缩放 | | 使用现代事件监听 | 替换 `onmousedown/onmousemove` 为 `addEventListener`,避免兼容性问题 | --- ###
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