Heartbeat 同步监控服务，出现故障及时切换

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Heartbeat是一款提供集群基础设施服务的守护进程，使客户端能够了解群集内其他机器上对等进程的存在或消失，并轻松地与它们交换消息。为了更好地服务于用户，Heartbeat通常会与集群资源管理器（CRM）结合使用，如Pacemaker，来实现高可用的服务启动与停止，例如IP地址、Web服务器等。

Heartbeat is a daemon that provides cluster infrastructure (communication and membership) services to its clients. This allows clients to know about the presence (or disappearance!) of peer processes on other machines and to easily exchange messages with them. In order to be useful to users, the Heartbeat daemon needs to be combined with a cluster resource manager (CRM) which has the task of starting and stopping the services (IP addresses, web servers, etc.) that cluster will make highly available. Pacemaker is the preferred cluster resource manager for clusters based on Heartbeat.

http://www.linux-ha.org/wiki/Heartbeat