58、VHDL组合设计实例详解

VHDL组合设计实例详解

1. 简单浮点编码器

在数字电路设计中,将定点数转换为浮点数格式是一个常见的问题。下面我们详细介绍简单浮点编码器的设计。

1.1 基本设计思路

确定浮点数的指数问题可以映射到MSI优先编码器,在HDL中则对应嵌套的“if”语句。以下是一个行为级的VHDL程序(表6 - 23),用于实现定点数到浮点数的转换:

library IEEE;
use IEEE.std_logic_1164.all;
use IEEE.std_logic_arith.all;
entity fpenc is
  port (
    B: in STD_LOGIC_VECTOR(10 downto 0); -- 定点数
    M: out STD_LOGIC_VECTOR(3 downto 0); -- 浮点数尾数
    E: out STD_LOGIC_VECTOR(2 downto 0)  -- 浮点数指数
  );
end fpenc;
architecture fpenc_arch of fpenc is
begin
  process(B)
  variable BU: UNSIGNED(10 downto 0);
  begin
    BU := UNSIGNED(B);
    if    BU < 16   then M <= B( 3 downto 0); E <= "000";
    elsif BU < 32   then M <= B( 4 downto 1); E <= "001";
    elsif BU < 64   

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