CareerCup How to find medium of 1 billion numbers across N distributed machines efficiently?

本文介绍了一种高效地从N台分布式机器上的10亿个数字中找到中位数的方法。首先,每台机器对其拥有的数据进行排序;然后由一台领导机器建立一个包含所有机器最小元素的堆,并通过不断请求各机器提供更小的元素来逐步找出中位数。此方法考虑了时间和消息传递的复杂度。

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How to find medium of 1 billion numbers across N distributed machines efficiently?

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1)Each machine sorts it's own elements. 
Comlexity: nlog(n) 
Time: Highest of all the machines. 
2) Leader machine builds a heap of m elements(m being the number of machines) 
Heap node contains numbers and machine to which the number belongs 
3) Leader machine asks each machine to give next smallest element. 
Complexity: m log(m) 
4) Leader machine removes the smallest element from heap(o(1)) and asks for next min number to the machine to which that number belonged. 
5) Insert the next min number in heap, repeast from step 4 till the time kth min number is found. 
Total time complexity: 
if h is highest chunk of data with a machine, h log(h) for sorting. 
If m is number of machines: 
m log(m) for building heap. 
If k is half of billion numbers, find kth element complexity is: 
k log(m) 
Total messages passed: 
k(half billion). 

I am wondering if I could do the heap part in parallel.





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