Flight

//*******************************************************
//Flight.java                Author:qsy
//设计并实现代表航班的类
//*******************************************************

public class Flight
{ private long number;private String name;private String arealeave;private String areacome;

public Flight(long flightnumber,String flightname,String area1,String area2)
   {number=flightnumber;name=flightname;arealeave=area1;areacome=area2;}
public long getFlightnumber()
   {return number;}
public String getFlightname()
   {return name;}
public String getArea1()
   {return arealeave;}
public String getArea2()
   {return areacome;}
public String toString()
   {return number+"\t"+name+"\t"+arealeave+"\t"+areacome;}
}

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

public class FlightTest
{//创造驱动类

 public static void main(String[] args)
 {Flight flight1=new Flight(1000,"line1","nanning","jinan");
  Flight flight2=new Flight(1001,"line2","nanning","beijing");
 
  System.out.println("flight1的航线号,航线名,出发地,到达地分别是:");
  System.out.println(flight1);
  System.out.println();
  System.out.println("flight2的航线号,航线名,出发地,到达地分别是:");
  System.out.println(flight2);
  


   
 }

}

#include <iostream> #include <vector> #include <string> #include <fstream> #include <ctime> #include <queue> #include <algorithm> #include <map> #include <iomanip> using namespace std; class FlightSystem; class Serializable { public: virtual void serialize(ofstream& out) const = 0; virtual void deserialize(ifstream& in) = 0; virtual ~Serializable() {} }; // 虚基 - 用户基 class User: public Serializable { protected: string id; string name; string phone; public: User(const string& id, const string& name, const string& phone) : id(id), name(name), phone(phone) {} virtual ~User() {} virtual void showMenu() = 0; // 纯虚函数 void serialize(ofstream& out) const override { out << id << "," << name << "," << phone; } void deserialize(ifstream& in) override { getline(in, id, ','); getline(in, name, ','); getline(in, phone); } }; class FlightBase:public Serializable { public: virtual double calculateCurrentPrice() const = 0; virtual void display() const = 0; virtual ~FlightBase() {} }; class Date { public: int year; int month; int day; Date() : year(0), month(0), day(0) {} Date(int y, int m, int d) : year(y), month(m), day(d) {} friend ostream& operator<<(ostream& os, const Date& date) { os << setfill('0') << setw(4) << date.year << "-" << setfill('0') << setw(2) << date.month << "-" << setfill('0') << setw(2) << date.day; return os; } }; // 航班信息 class Flight:public FlightBase { protected: string flightNumber; string airline; string departure; string destination; string planeModel; Date flightDate; int maxPassengers; int remainingTickets; double originalPrice; double currentPrice; // 计算动态票价 // 计算两个日期之间的天数差(仅处理6月和7月) int calculateDaysLeft(const Date& current) const { // 假设年份相同,且月份仅为6或7 if (current.month == 6 && flightDate.month == 6) { return flightDate.day - current.day; // 6月内 } else if (current.month == 6 && flightDate.month == 7) { return (30 - current.day) + flightDate.day; // 6月到7月 } else if (current.month == 7 && flightDate.month == 7) { return flightDate.day - current.day; // 7月内 } else { return -1; // 非法日期组合(如7月到6月) } } void calculateDynamicPrice(const Date& currentDate) { // 计算距离起飞的剩余天数(仅考虑6月和7月) int daysLeft = calculateDaysLeft(currentDate); // 根据剩余天数调整票价 if (daysLeft > 20) { currentPrice = originalPrice * 0.8; // 提前20天以上8折 } else if (daysLeft > 10) { currentPrice = originalPrice * 0.9; // 提前10-20天9折 } else if (daysLeft >= 0) { currentPrice = originalPrice; // 10天内原价 } else { currentPrice = 0; // 航班已起飞 } } public: Flight(string number, string air, string dep, string des, string model, Date date, int maxp, double price) : flightNumber(number), airline(air), departure(dep), destination(des), planeModel(model), flightDate(date), maxPassengers(maxp), originalPrice(price) { time_t now = time(0); tm* ltm = localtime(&now); Date current(1900 + ltm->tm_year, 1 + ltm->tm_mon, ltm->tm_mday); calculateDynamicPrice(current); // remainingTickets = maxPassengers; } // 运算符重载 /*friend istream& operator>>(istream& is, Flight& flight) { is >> flight.flightNumber >> flight.airline >> flight.departure >> flight.destination >> flight.planeModel >> flight.date >> flight.maxPassengers >> flight.remainingTickets >> flight.originalPrice; flight.calculateDynamicPrice(); return is; } friend ostream& operator<<(ostream& os, const Flight& flight) { os << flight.flightNumber << " " << flight.airline << " " << flight.departure << " " << flight.destination << " " << flight.planeModel << " " << flight.date << " " << flight.maxPassengers << " " << flight.remainingTickets << " " << flight.originalPrice << " " << flight.currentPrice; return os; }*/ // friend ifstream& operator>>(ifstream& in, Flight& flight); // friend ofstream& operator<<(ofstream& out, const Flight& flight); // 订票功能 bool bookTickets(int count) { if (count <= remainingTickets) { remainingTickets -= count; // 获取当前日期重新计算价格 time_t now = time(0); tm* ltm = localtime(&now); Date current(1900 + ltm->tm_year, 1 + ltm->tm_mon, ltm->tm_mday); calculateDynamicPrice(current); return true; } return false; } // 退票功能 void refundTickets(int count) { remainingTickets += count; if (remainingTickets > maxPassengers) remainingTickets = maxPassengers; // 获取当前日期重新计算价格 time_t now = time(0); tm* ltm = localtime(&now); Date current(1900 + ltm->tm_year, 1 + ltm->tm_mon, ltm->tm_mday); calculateDynamicPrice(current); } // 序列化实现 void serialize(ofstream& out) const override { out << flightNumber << "," << airline << "," << departure << "," << destination << "," << planeModel << "," << flightDate << "," << maxPassengers << "," << remainingTickets << "," << originalPrice << "," << currentPrice; } void deserialize(ifstream& in) override { getline(in, flightNumber, ','); getline(in, airline, ','); getline(in, departure, ','); getline(in, destination, ','); getline(in, planeModel, ','); in >> flightDate.year; in.ignore(); in >> flightDate.month; in.ignore(); in >> flightDate.day; in.ignore(); in >> maxPassengers; in.ignore(); in >> remainingTickets; in.ignore(); in >> originalPrice; in.ignore(); in >> currentPrice; in.ignore(); } // 显示航班信息 void display() const override { cout << flightNumber << "\t" << airline << "\t" << departure << "\t" << destination << "\t" << planeModel << "\t" << flightDate << "\t" << originalPrice << "\t" << currentPrice << "\t" << remainingTickets << endl; } double calculateCurrentPrice() const override { return currentPrice; } // Getter方法 string getFlightNumber() const { return flightNumber; } string getAirline() const { return airline; } int getRemainingTickets() const { return remainingTickets; } float getCurrentPrice() const { return currentPrice; } // 其他成员函数... }; /*ifstream& operator>>(ifstream& in, Flight& flight) { flight.deserialize(in); return in; } ofstream& operator<<(ofstream& out, const Flight& flight) { flight.serialize(out); return out; }*/ // 客户 class Customer : public User { private: vector< pair<string, int> > bookedFlights; public: Customer(const string& id, const string& name, const string& phone) : User(id, name, phone) {} friend istream& operator>>(istream& input, Customer& c) { cout << "输入身份证号: "; input >> c.id; cout << "输入姓名: "; input >> c.name; cout << "输入电话: "; input >> c.phone; return input; } // 重载输出运算符 friend ostream& operator<<(ostream& output, Customer& c) { output << "身份证: " << c.id << ' ' << " 姓名: " << c.name << ' ' << " 电话: " << c.phone; return output; } void showMenu() override { int choice; do { cout << "\n===== 客户菜单 =====" << endl; cout << "1. 查询航班" << endl; cout << "2. 订票" << endl; cout << "3. 退票" << endl; cout << "4. 退出" << endl; cout << "请选择: "; cin >> choice; switch (choice) { case 1: { FlightSystem system; for (auto& flight : system.getAllFlights()) { flight.display(); } break; } case 2: // 需要FlightSystem实例 break; case 3: // 需要FlightSystem实例 break; case 4: return; default: cout << "无效选择!" << endl; } } while (choice != 4); } void bookTicket(FlightSystem& system);//订票功能 void cancelTicket(FlightSystem& system);//退票功能 void serialize(ofstream& out) const override { User::serialize(out); out << "," << bookedFlights.size();//用于获取乘客已预定的航班数量 for (std::vector<std::pair<std::string, int>>::const_iterator it = bookedFlights.begin(); it != bookedFlights.end(); ++it) { out << "," << it->first << "," << it->second; } void deserialize(ifstream& in) override { User::deserialize(in); int size; in >> size; in.ignore(); bookedFlights.clear(); for (int i = 0; i < size; i++) { string flightNumber; int count; getline(in, flightNumber, ','); in >> count; in.ignore(); bookedFlights.push_back({flightNumber, count}); } } }; // 管理员 class Admin : public User { public: Admin(const string& id = "", const string& name = "", const string& phone = "") : User(id, name, phone) {} void showMenu() override { int choice; do { cout << "\n===== 管理员菜单 =====" << endl; cout << "1. 添加航班" << endl; cout << "2. 编辑航班" << endl; cout << "3. 删除航班" << endl; cout << "4. 查看乘客" << endl; cout << "5. 退出" << endl; cout << "请选择: "; cin >> choice; FlightSystem system; switch (choice) { case 1: addFlight(system); break; case 2: editFlight(system); break; case 3: deleteFlight(system); break; case 4: viewPassengers(system); break; case 5: return; default: cout << "无效选择!" << endl; } } while (choice != 5); } void addFlight(FlightSystem& system);//增加航班 void editFlight(FlightSystem& system);// 编辑航班 void deleteFlight(FlightSystem& system);//删除航班 void viewPassengers(FlightSystem& system);// 查看乘客 }; class WaitingQueue { private: string flightNumber; queue< pair<string, int> > waitingQueue; // 乘客ID, 订票数量 public: WaitingQueue(const string& flightNum) : flightNumber(flightNum) {} void addToQueue(const string& passengerId, int count) { waitingQueue.push({passengerId, count}); } void processRefund(Flight& flight, int refundCount) { while (refundCount > 0 && !waitingQueue.empty()) { auto nextPassenger = waitingQueue.front(); if (refundCount >= nextPassenger.second) { if (flight.bookTickets(nextPassenger.second)) { refundCount -= nextPassenger.second; waitingQueue.pop(); } } else { break; } } } }; // 系统管理 class FlightSystem { private: vector<Flight> flights; vector<Customer> customers; vector<Admin> admins; map<string, WaitingQueue> waitingQueues; // <航班号, 候补队列> // 文件路径 const string FLIGHT_FILE = "flights.txt"; const string CUSTOMER_FILE = "customers.txt"; const string ADMIN_FILE = "admins.txt"; public: FlightSystem() { loadData(); } ~FlightSystem() { saveData(); } // 数据加载与保存 void loadData() { // 加载航班 ifstream flightFile(FLIGHT_FILE); if (flightFile) { Flight flight; while (flightFile) { flight.deserialize(flightFile); if (!flightFile.fail() && !flight.getFlightNumber().empty()) { flights.push_back(flight); } } } // 加载客户 ifstream customerFile(CUSTOMER_FILE); if (customerFile) { Customer customer; while (customerFile) { customer.deserialize(customerFile); if (!customerFile.fail() && !customer.id.empty()) { customers.push_back(customer); } } } // 加载管理员 ifstream adminFile(ADMIN_FILE); if (adminFile) { Admin admin; while (adminFile) { admin.deserialize(adminFile); if (!adminFile.fail() && !admin.id.empty()) { admins.push_back(admin); } } } } void saveData() { // 保存航班 ofstream flightFile(FLIGHT_FILE); for (const auto& flight : flights) { flight.serialize(flightFile); flightFile << endl; } // 保存客户 ofstream customerFile(CUSTOMER_FILE); for (const auto& customer : customers) { customer.serialize(customerFile); customerFile << endl; } // 保存管理员 ofstream adminFile(ADMIN_FILE); for (const auto& admin : admins) { admin.serialize(adminFile); adminFile << endl; } } // 航班操作 Flight* findFlight(const string& number) { for (auto& flight : flights) { if (flight.getFlightNumber() == number) { return &flight; } } return nullptr; } void addFlight(const Flight& flight) { flights.push_back(flight); } void deleteFlight(const string& number) { flights.erase(remove_if(flights.begin(), flights.end(), [&](const Flight& f) { return f.getFlightNumber() == number; }), flights.end()); } // 排序航班 void sortFlights(const string& criteria) { if (criteria == "number") { sort(flights.begin(), flights.end(), [](const Flight& a, const Flight& b) { return a.getFlightNumber() < b.getFlightNumber(); }); } else if (criteria == "date") { sort(flights.begin(), flights.end(), [](const Flight& a, const Flight& b) { return a.date < b.date; }); } else if (criteria == "price") { sort(flights.begin(), flights.end(), [](const Flight& a, const Flight& b) { return a.getCurrentPrice() < b.getCurrentPrice(); }); } } // 用户登录 User* login() { string id, name, phone; cout << "请输入ID: "; cin >> id; cout << "请输入姓名: "; cin >> name; cout << "请输入电话: "; cin >> phone; // 查找客户 for (auto& c : customers) { if (c.id == id && c.name == name && c.phone == phone) { return &c; } } // 查找管理员 for (auto& a : admins) { if (a.id == id && a.name == name && a.phone == phone) { return &a; } } return nullptr; } // 处理候补队列 void processWaitingList(Flight& flight, int refundCount) { auto it = waitingQueues.find(flight.getFlightNumber()); if (it != waitingQueues.end()) { it->second.processRefund(flight, refundCount); } } // 主运行循环 void run() { while (true) { User* user = login(); if (user) { user->showMenu(); } else { cout << "登录失败,请重试!" << endl; } } } // 获取所有航班 vector<Flight>& getAllFlights() { return flights; } // 添加乘客 void addCustomer(const Customer& c) { Customer.push_back(c); } // 获取候补队列 WaitingQueue* getWaitingQueue(const string& flightNumber) { if (waitingQueues.find(flightNumber) == waitingQueues.end()) { waitingQueues[flightNumber] = WaitingQueue(flightNumber); } return &waitingQueues[flightNumber]; } vector<Customer>& getCustomers() { return customers; } }; // 客户实现 void bookTicket(FlightSystem& system) { string flightNumber; int count; cout << "请输入航班号: "; cin >> flightNumber; cout << "请输入订票数量: "; cin >> count; Flight* flight = system.findFlight(flightNumber); if (!flight) { cout << "航班不存在!" << endl; return; } if (flight->bookTickets(count)) { bookedFlights.push_back({flightNumber, count}); cout << "订票成功!总价: " << flight->getCurrentPrice() * count << "元" << endl; } else { cout << "余票不足!当前余票: " << flight->getRemainingTickets() << endl; cout << "1. 重新选择航班" << endl; cout << "2. 排队候补" << endl; int option; cin >> option; if (option == 2) { WaitingQueue* queue = system.getWaitingQueue(flightNumber); queue->addToQueue(id, count); cout << "已加入候补队列!" << endl; } } } void cancelTicket(FlightSystem& system) { string flightNumber; cout << "请输入要退票的航班号: "; cin >> flightNumber; auto it = find_if(bookedFlights.begin(), bookedFlights.end(), [&](const pair<string, int>& p) { return p.first == flightNumber; }); if (it == bookedFlights.end()) { cout << "未找到该航班的订票记录!" << endl; return; } int count = it->second; Flight* flight = system.findFlight(flightNumber); if (flight) { flight->refundTickets(count); bookedFlights.erase(it); cout << "退票成功!退款金额: " << flight->getCurrentPrice() * count << "元" << endl; system.processWaitingList(*flight, count); } } // 管理员实现 void addFlight(FlightSystem& system) { string number, airline, dep, des, model; int year, month, day, maxPass; double price; cout << "输入航班号: "; cin >> number; cout << "输入航空公司: "; cin >> airline; cout << "输入出发地: "; cin >> dep; cout << "输入目的地: "; cin >> des; cout << "输入飞机型号: "; cin >> model; cout << "输入日期 (年 月 日): "; cin >> year >> month >> day; cout << "输入最大乘客数: "; cin >> maxPass; cout << "输入原始价格: "; cin >> price; Date date(year, month, day); Flight flight(number, airline, dep, des, model, date, maxPass, price); system.addFlight(flight); cout << "航班添加成功!" << endl; } void editFlight(FlightSystem& system) { string number; cout << "输入要编辑的航班号: "; cin >> number; Flight* flight = system.findFlight(number); if (!flight) { cout << "航班不存在!" << endl; return; } // 简化的编辑功能 double newPrice; cout << "输入新价格: "; cin >> newPrice; // 实际实现中需要修改航班对象 cout << "编辑功能尚未完全实现" << endl; } void deleteFlight(FlightSystem& system) { string number; cout << "输入要删除的航班号: "; cin >> number; system.deleteFlight(number); cout << "航班删除成功!" << endl; } void viewPassengers(FlightSystem& system) { string flightNumber; cout << "请输入航班号: "; cin >> flightNumber; cout << "\n===== 乘客信息 =====" << endl; for (const auto& c : system.getCustomers()) { for (const auto& booking : c.bookedFlights) { if (booking.first == flightNumber) { cout << "姓名: " << c.name << "\t身份证: " << c.id << "\t电话: " << c.phone << "\t票数: " << booking.second << endl; } } } } /*void login(AirTicketSystem& system) { while (true) { cout << "\n===== 航空订票系统 =====" << endl; cout << "1. 客户登录" << endl; cout << "2. 管理员登录" << endl; cout << "3. 退出系统" << endl; cout << "请选择: "; int choice; cin >> choice; if (choice == 3) { system.saveFlights(); cout << "系统数据已保存,再见!" << endl; } string id, name, phone; cout << "请输入身份证号: "; cin >> id; cout << "请输入姓名: "; cin >> name; cout << "请输入电话: "; cin >> phone; if (choice == 1) { Customer customer(id, name, phone); customer.showMenu(); int customerChoice; while (cin >> customerChoice) { switch (customerChoice) { case 1: // 查询航班 break; case 2: // 订票 customer.bookTicket(); break; case 3: // 退票 customer.cancelTicket(); break; case 4: // 退出 return; default: cout << "无效选择,请重试!" << endl; } customer.showMenu(); } } else if (choice == 2) { Admin admin(id, name, phone); admin.showMenu(); int adminChoice; while (cin >> adminChoice) { switch (adminChoice) { case 1: // 添加航班 admin.addFlight(); break; case 2: // 编辑航班 admin.editFlight(); break; case 3: // 删除航班 admin.deleteFlight(); break; case 4: // 查看乘客 admin.viewPassengers(); break; case 5: // 退出 return; default: cout << "无效选择,请重试!" << endl; } admin.showMenu(); } } } }*/ int main() { FlightSystem system; system.run(); return 0; } 找错并帮我修改
最新发布
06-24
<think>我们遇到了一个大型C++项目,其中包含多个:Serializable(可序列化接口)、User(用户基)、FlightBase(航班)、Date(日期)、Flight航班信息)、Customer(客户)、Admin(管理员)、WaitingQueue(候补队列)和FlightSystem(系统管理)。程序的目标是实现一个航空订票系统。在阅读代码后,我发现存在一些错误,包括语法错误、逻辑错误以及设计问题。我将逐步分析并修正这些问题。###主要问题列表:1.**语法错误**:代码中存在多处语法错误,例如:-在`Customer`的`deserialize`函数定义中,函数体被错误地放在了`serialize`函数内部。-在`FlightSystem`的定义中,`addCustomer`函数试图将顾客添加到`Customer`型的向量中,但使用了错误的变量名(应该是`customers`而不是`Customer`)。-在`Admin`的成员函数实现中,函数定义被放在了定义内部,导致这些函数被当作内联函数,但实际应该分开定义。-在`FlightSystem`中,`sortFlights`函数中使用了`Flight`的`date`成员,但实际上`Flight`中并没有名为`date`的成员,而是`flightDate`。2.**设计问题**:-`FlightSystem`中的`run`函数会一直循环登录,但登录失败后没有退出选项。-`FlightSystem`中的`loadData`和`saveData`函数在序列化和反序列化时,对于`Flight`和`Customer`等对象的处理可能存在格式问题,特别是`Date`型的读写。-在`Customer`的`showMenu`函数中,创建了一个`FlightSystem`的局部实例,这会导致无法操作主系统中的数据。3.**逻辑错误**:-`Flight`的构造函数中,`remainingTickets`没有被初始化,应该初始化为`maxPassengers`。-在`Flight::deserialize`函数中,读取日期后忽略了逗号,但日期后面紧跟的是一个整数,所以应该用逗号分隔。4.**循环依赖问题**:-`FlightSystem`的前向声明不足以解决所有依赖,因为`Customer`和`Admin`的方法中需要调用`FlightSystem`的方法,而`FlightSystem`又包含了`Customer`和`Admin`的向量。这导致在头文件中需要相互包含,容易出错。5.**其他问题**:-在`main`函数中,`FlightSystemsystem;system.run();`会导致无限循环,因为`run`函数内部是一个`while(true)`循环,且没有退出选项。-在`Admin`的`showMenu`函数中,`FlightSystemsystem;`是一个局部对象,操作的是局部对象的数据,而不是主系统的数据。###修改计划:由于代码量很大,我将重点修改主要错误,并尝试使程序能够编译运行。具体步骤如下:1.**将的声明和实现分离**:将各个的成员函数的实现(除了内联函数)移到定义之外,放在单独的.cpp文件中,或者至少放在定义之后。但为了简化,我们可以在一个文件中,但将实现移到定义后面。2.**修正语法错误**:-修正`Customer`中`deserialize`函数的位置。-修正`FlightSystem::addCustomer`函数,将顾客添加到`customers`向量中。-将`Admin`的成员函数实现移到定义之外。-在`FlightSystem::sortFlights`中,将比较`Flight`对象的`date`改为`flightDate`。3.**解决循环依赖**:由于`Customer`和`Admin`的方法需要操作`FlightSystem`,我们可以在这些方法中将`FlightSystem`作为参数传入(已经在部分函数中这样做了),但需要确保在调用这些方法时传递的是同一个系统实例。4.**初始化问题**:在`Flight`的构造函数中,初始化`remainingTickets`为`maxPassengers`。5.**序列化/反序列化**:改进`Date`和`Flight`的序列化格式,确保读写一致。例如,在`Flight::serialize`中,日期已经以`YYYY-MM-DD`格式输出,那么在`deserialize`中应该按字符串读取然后解析。6.**主循环**:在`FlightSystem::run`中,提供退出系统的选项(比如登录界面增加退出选项)。由于代码量很大,我将先修改部分关键错误,使程序能够编译,然后再考虑逻辑和设计上的改进。###修改后的代码(关键部分):由于整个代码太长,我将修改后的完整代码放在最后。这里先指出关键修改:1.将`Customer`的`deserialize`函数从`serialize`函数内部移出,并修正其定义。2.修正`FlightSystem`中的`addCustomer`函数:将`Customer.push_back(c)`改为`customers.push_back(c)`。3.将`Admin`的成员函数实现移到定义外部。4.在`Flight`的构造函数中,初始化`remainingTickets`为`maxPassengers`。5.在`FlightSystem::sortFlights`函数中,将`a.date`和`b.date`改为`a.flightDate`和`b.flightDate`。6.修正`Flight::deserialize`函数:读取日期时,先读取一个字符串,然后解析该字符串(因为之前输出的是格式化的字符串,如"2024-06-01")。或者,我们修改`Date`的序列化方式,使其输出和读取都是三个整数(这样更简单)。这里我选择修改`Date`的序列化方式,使其以三个整数形式存储(用逗号分隔),这样在反序列化时直接读三个整数。修改`Date`的序列化方式(在`Flight`中):```c++voidFlight::serialize(ofstream&out)const{out<<flightNumber<<","<<airline<<","<<departure<<","<<destination<<","<<planeModel<<","<<flightDate.year<<","<<flightDate.month<<","<<flightDate.day<<","<<maxPassengers<<","<<remainingTickets<<","<<originalPrice<<","<<currentPrice;}voidFlight::deserialize(ifstream&in){getline(in,flightNumber,',');getline(in,airline,',');getline(in,departure,',');getline(in,destination,',');getline(in,planeModel,',');in>>flightDate.year;in.ignore();in>>flightDate.month;in.ignore();in>>flightDate.day;in.ignore();in>>maxPassengers;in.ignore();in>>remainingTickets;in.ignore();in>>originalPrice;in.ignore();in>>currentPrice;in.ignore();}```7.在`FlightSystem::run`函数中,添加退出系统的选项(比如在登录界面输入0退出)。8.解决`Customer`的`showMenu`中创建局部`FlightSystem`的问题:改为使用传入的`FlightSystem`实例(但这里需要调整设计,因为`showMenu`是虚函数,没有参数。因此,我们需要在`User`中存储一个指向`FlightSystem`的指针,并在登录后设置这个指针)。由于这个修改涉及较大调整,我们暂时不这样做,而是将`FlightSystem`实例作为全局变量(不推荐,但为了简化)或者通过其他方式传递。但考虑到时间,我们可以先调整`showMenu`函数,使其接受一个`FlightSystem&`参数。但是,这需要改变虚函数的签名,会影响到所有派生。另一种方法是:在`User`中添加一个`FlightSystem*`成员,并在登录成功后由`FlightSystem`的`login`函数设置这个指针。这样,在`showMenu`中就可以使用这个指针。我们选择第二种方法:-在`User`中添加一个`FlightSystem*system`成员,并提供一个`setSystem`方法。-在`FlightSystem::login`中,找到用户后,设置该用户的`system`指针为当前系统实例(即`this`)。-修改`showMenu`函数,不再需要参数。###修改步骤:1.**在User中添加system指针**:```c++classUser:publicSerializable{protected://...原有成员FlightSystem*system;//指向系统的指针public://...构造函数voidsetSystem(FlightSystem*sys){system=sys;}//...其他};```2.**在FlightSystem::login中设置用户对象的system指针**:```c++User*FlightSystem::login(){//...输入id,name,phonefor(auto&c:customers){if(...){c.setSystem(this);return&c;}}for(auto&a:admins){if(...){a.setSystem(this);return&a;}}returnnullptr;}```3.在`Customer::showMenu`和`Admin::showMenu`中,就可以通过`system`指针来操作系统了。例如,在`Customer::showMenu`中:```c++voidCustomer::showMenu(){FlightSystem&sys=*system;//获取系统引用//然后使用sys来调用系统方法}```###修改后的完整代码:由于代码非常长,我将只给出修改后的关键部分,并尽量保持原有结构。注意:由于篇幅限制,以下代码是修改后的版本,但可能仍存在一些细节需要调整。我尽量将修改处标注出来。```cpp#include<iostream>#include<vector>#include<string>#include<fstream>#include<ctime>#include<queue>#include<algorithm>#include<map>#include<iomanip>usingnamespacestd;//前向声明classFlightSystem;classSerializable{public:virtualvoidserialize(ofstream&out)const=0;virtualvoiddeserialize(ifstream&in)=0;virtual~Serializable(){}};//虚基-用户基classUser:publicSerializable{protected:stringid;stringname;stringphone;FlightSystem*system;//指向系统的指针,用于在菜单中操作系统public:User(conststring&id="",conststring&name="",conststring&phone=""):id(id),name(name),phone(phone),system(nullptr){}virtual~User(){}virtualvoidshowMenu()=0;//纯虚函数voidsetSystem(FlightSystem*sys){system=sys;}voidserialize(ofstream&out)constoverride{out<<id<<","<<name<<","<<phone;}voiddeserialize(ifstream&in)override{getline(in,id,',');getline(in,name,',');getline(in,phone);}};classFlightBase:publicSerializable{public:virtualdoublecalculateCurrentPrice()const=0;virtualvoiddisplay()const=0;virtual~FlightBase(){}};classDate{public:intyear;intmonth;intday;Date():year(0),month(0),day(0){}Date(inty,intm,intd):year(y),month(m),day(d){}friendostream&operator<<(ostream&os,constDate&date){os<<setfill('0')<<setw(4)<<date.year<<"-"<<setfill('0')<<setw(2)<<date.month<<"-"<<setfill('0')<<setw(2)<<date.day;returnos;}//添加比较运算符,用于排序booloperator<(constDate&other)const{if(year!=other.year)returnyear<other.year;if(month!=other.month)returnmonth<other.month;returnday<other.day;}};//航班信息classFlight:publicFlightBase{protected:stringflightNumber;stringairline;stringdeparture;stringdestination;stringplaneModel;DateflightDate;intmaxPassengers;intremainingTickets;doubleoriginalPrice;doublecurrentPrice;//计算动态票价intcalculateDaysLeft(constDate&current)const{//假设年份相同,且月份仅为6或7if(current.month==6&&flightDate.month==6){returnflightDate.day-current.day;//6月内}elseif(current.month==6&&flightDate.month==7){return(30-current.day)+flightDate.day;//6月到7月}elseif(current.month==7&&flightDate.month==7){returnflightDate.day-current.day;//7月内}else{return-1;//非法日期组合(如7月到6月)}}voidcalculateDynamicPrice(constDate&currentDate){intdaysLeft=calculateDaysLeft(currentDate);if(daysLeft>20){currentPrice=originalPrice*0.8;//提前20天以上8折}elseif(daysLeft>10){currentPrice=originalPrice*0.9;//提前10-20天9折}elseif(daysLeft>=0){currentPrice=originalPrice;//10天内原价}else{currentPrice=0;//航班已起飞}}public:Flight(stringnumber="",stringair="",stringdep="",stringdes="",stringmodel="",Datedate=Date(),intmaxp=0,doubleprice=0.0):flightNumber(number),airline(air),departure(dep),destination(des),planeModel(model),flightDate(date),maxPassengers(maxp),remainingTickets(maxp),//初始化剩余票数为最大乘客数originalPrice(price),currentPrice(0){time_tnow=time(0);tm*ltm=localtime(&now);Datecurrent(1900+ltm->tm_year,1+ltm->tm_mon,ltm->tm_mday);calculateDynamicPrice(current);}//订票功能boolbookTickets(intcount){if(count<=remainingTickets){remainingTickets-=count;//更新当前价格time_tnow=time(0);tm*ltm=localtime(&now);Datecurrent(1900+ltm->tm_year,1+ltm->tm_mon,ltm->tm_mday);calculateDynamicPrice(current);returntrue;}returnfalse;}//退票功能voidrefundTickets(intcount){remainingTickets+=count;if(remainingTickets>maxPassengers)remainingTickets=maxPassengers;time_tnow=time(0);tm*ltm=localtime(&now);Datecurrent(1900+ltm->tm_year,1+ltm->tm_mon,ltm->tm_mday);calculateDynamicPrice(current);}//序列化实现voidserialize(ofstream&out)constoverride{out<<flightNumber<<","<<airline<<","<<departure<<","<<destination<<","<<planeModel<<","<<flightDate.year<<","<<flightDate.month<<","<<flightDate.day<<","<<maxPassengers<<","<<remainingTickets<<","<<originalPrice<<","<<currentPrice;}voiddeserialize(ifstream&in)override{getline(in,flightNumber,',');getline(in,airline,',');getline(in,departure,',');getline(in,destination,',');getline(in,planeModel,',');in>>flightDate.year;in.ignore();in>>flightDate.month;in.ignore();in>>flightDate.day;in.ignore();in>>maxPassengers;in.ignore();in>>remainingTickets;in.ignore();in>>originalPrice;in.ignore();in>>currentPrice;//注意:这里不忽略换行,因为下一行可能是新的记录}voiddisplay()constoverride{cout<<flightNumber<<"\t"<<airline<<"\t"<<departure<<"\t"<<destination<<"\t"<<planeModel<<"\t"<<flightDate<<"\t"<<originalPrice<<"\t"<<currentPrice<<"\t"<<remainingTickets<<endl;}doublecalculateCurrentPrice()constoverride{returncurrentPrice;}stringgetFlightNumber()const{returnflightNumber;}stringgetAirline()const{returnairline;}intgetRemainingTickets()const{returnremainingTickets;}doublegetCurrentPrice()const{returncurrentPrice;}DategetFlightDate()const{returnflightDate;}//新增,用于排序};//客户classCustomer:publicUser{private:vector<pair<string,int>>bookedFlights;//航班号,订票数量public:Customer(conststring&id="",conststring&name="",conststring&phone=""):User(id,name,phone){}friendistream&operator>>(istream&input,Customer&c){cout<<"输入身份证号:";input>>c.id;cout<<"输入姓名:";input>>c.name;cout<<"输入电话:";input>>c.phone;returninput;}friendostream&operator<<(ostream&output,Customer&c){output<<"身份证:"<<c.id<<''<<"姓名:"<<c.name<<''<<"电话:"<<c.phone;returnoutput;}voidshowMenu()override;voidbookTicket();voidcancelTicket();voidserialize(ofstream&out)constoverride{User::serialize(out);out<<","<<bookedFlights.size();for(constauto&booking:bookedFlights){out<<","<<booking.first<<","<<booking.second;}}voiddeserialize(ifstream&in)override{User::deserialize(in);intsize;in>>size;in.ignore();bookedFlights.clear();for(inti=0;i<size;i++){stringflightNumber;intcount;getline(in,flightNumber,',');in>>count;in.ignore();bookedFlights.push_back({flightNumber,count});}}};//管理员classAdmin:publicUser{public:Admin(conststring&id="",conststring&name="",conststring&phone=""):User(id,name,phone){}voidshowMenu()override;voidaddFlight();voideditFlight();voiddeleteFlight();voidviewPassengers();};classWaitingQueue{private:stringflightNumber;queue<pair<string,int>>waitingQueue;//乘客ID,订票数量public:WaitingQueue(conststring&flightNum):flightNumber(flightNum){}voidaddToQueue(conststring&passengerId,intcount){waitingQueue.push({passengerId,count});}voidprocessRefund(Flight&flight,intrefundCount){while(refundCount>0&&!waitingQueue.empty()){autonextPassenger=waitingQueue.front();if(refundCount>=nextPassenger.second){if(flight.bookTickets(nextPassenger.second)){refundCount-=nextPassenger.second;waitingQueue.pop();}}else{break;}}}};//系统管理classFlightSystem{private:vector<Flight>flights;vector<Customer>customers;vector<Admin>admins;map<string,WaitingQueue>waitingQueues;//<航班号,候补队列>conststringFLIGHT_FILE="flights.txt";conststringCUSTOMER_FILE="customers.txt";conststringADMIN_FILE="admins.txt";public:FlightSystem(){loadData();}~FlightSystem(){saveData();}voidloadData(){//加载航班ifstreamflightFile(FLIGHT_FILE);if(flightFile){while(flightFile){Flightflight;flight.deserialize(flightFile);if(flightFile.fail())break;if(!flight.getFlightNumber().empty()){flights.push_back(flight);}}}//加载客户ifstreamcustomerFile(CUSTOMER_FILE);if(customerFile){while(customerFile){Customercustomer;customer.deserialize(customerFile);if(customerFile.fail())break;if(!customer.id.empty()){customers.push_back(customer);}}}//加载管理员ifstreamadminFile(ADMIN_FILE);if(adminFile){while(adminFile){Adminadmin;admin.deserialize(adminFile);if(adminFile.fail())break;if(!admin.id.empty()){admins.push_back(admin);}}}}voidsaveData(){ofstreamflightFile(FLIGHT_FILE);for(constauto&flight:flights){flight.serialize(flightFile);flightFile<<endl;}ofstreamcustomerFile(CUSTOMER_FILE);for(constauto&customer:customers){customer.serialize(customerFile);customerFile<<endl;}ofstreamadminFile(ADMIN_FILE);for(constauto&admin:admins){admin.serialize(adminFile);adminFile<<endl;}}Flight*findFlight(conststring&number){for(auto&flight:flights){if(flight.getFlightNumber()==number){return&flight;}}returnnullptr;}voidaddFlight(constFlight&flight){flights.push_back(flight);}voiddeleteFlight(conststring&number){flights.erase(remove_if(flights.begin(),flights.end(),[&](constFlight&f){returnf.getFlightNumber()==number;}),flights.end());}voidsortFlights(conststring&criteria){if(criteria=="number"){sort(flights.begin(),flights.end(),[](constFlight&a,constFlight&b){returna.getFlightNumber()<b.getFlightNumber();});}elseif(criteria=="date"){sort(flights.begin(),flights.end(),[](constFlight&a,constFlight&b){returna.getFlightDate()<b.getFlightDate();//使用Date的<运算符});}elseif(criteria=="price"){sort(flights.begin(),flights.end(),[](constFlight&a,constFlight&b){returna.getCurrentPrice()<b.getCurrentPrice();});}}User*login(){stringid,name,phone;cout<<"请输入ID:";cin>>id;cout<<"请输入姓名:";cin>>name;cout<<"请输入电话:";cin>>phone;for(auto&c:customers){if(c.id==id&&c.name==name&&c.phone==phone){c.setSystem(this);return&c;}}for(auto&a:admins){if(a.id==id&&a.name==name&&a.phone==phone){a.setSystem(this);return&a;}}returnnullptr;}voidprocessWaitingList(Flight&flight,intrefundCount){autoit=waitingQueues.find(flight.getFlightNumber());if(it!=waitingQueues.end()){it->second.processRefund(flight,refundCount);}}voidrun(){while(true){cout<<"\n=====航空订票系统登录====="<<endl;cout<<"1.登录"<<endl;cout<<"0.退出系统"<<endl;cout<<"请选择:";intchoice;cin>>choice;if(choice==0){cout<<"系统退出,再见!"<<endl;return;}elseif(choice==1){User*user=login();if(user){user->showMenu();}else{cout<<"登录失败,请重试!"<<endl;}}else{cout<<"无效选择!"<<endl;}}}vector<Flight>&getAllFlights(){returnflights;}voidaddCustomer(constCustomer&c){customers.push_back(c);}vector<Customer>&getCustomers(){returncustomers;}WaitingQueue*getWaitingQueue(conststring&flightNumber){if(waitingQueues.find(flightNumber)==waitingQueues.end()){waitingQueues[flightNumber]=WaitingQueue(flightNumber);}return&waitingQueues[flightNumber];}};//客户成员函数实现voidCustomer::showMenu(){FlightSystem&sys=*system;//获取系统引用intchoice;do{cout<<"\n=====客户菜单====="<<endl;cout<<"1.查询航班"<<endl;cout<<"2.订票"<<endl;cout<<"3.退票"<<endl;cout<<"4.退出"<<endl;cout<<"请选择:";cin>>choice;switch(choice){case1:for(auto&flight:sys.getAllFlights()){flight.display();}break;case2:bookTicket();break;case3:cancelTicket();break;case4:return;default:cout<<"无效选择!"<<endl;}}while(choice!=4);}voidCustomer::bookTicket(){FlightSystem&sys=*system;stringflightNumber;intcount;cout<<"请输入航班号:";cin>>flightNumber;cout<<"请输入订票数量:";cin>>count;Flight*flight=sys.findFlight(flightNumber);if(!flight){cout<<"航班不存在!"<<endl;return;}if(flight->bookTickets(count)){bookedFlights.push_back({flightNumber,count});cout<<"订票成功!总价:"<<flight->getCurrentPrice()*count<<"元"<<endl;}else{cout<<"余票不足!当前余票:"<<flight->getRemainingTickets()<<endl;cout<<"1.重新选择航班"<<endl;cout<<"2.排队候补"<<endl;intoption;cin>>option;if(option==2){WaitingQueue*queue=sys.getWaitingQueue(flightNumber);queue->addToQueue(id,count);cout<<"已加入候补队列!"<<endl;}}}voidCustomer::cancelTicket(){FlightSystem&sys=*system;stringflightNumber;cout<<"请输入要退票的航班号:";cin>>flightNumber;autoit=find_if(bookedFlights.begin(),bookedFlights.end(),[&](constpair<string,int>&p){returnp.first==flightNumber;});if(it==bookedFlights.end()){cout<<"未找到该航班的订票记录!"<<endl;return;}intcount=it->second;Flight*flight=sys.findFlight(flightNumber);if(flight){flight->refundTickets(count);bookedFlights.erase(it);cout<<"退票成功!退款金额:"<<flight->getCurrentPrice()*count<<"元"<<endl;sys.processWaitingList(*flight,count);}}//管理员成员函数实现voidAdmin::showMenu(){FlightSystem&sys=*system;intchoice;do{cout<<"\n=====管理员菜单====="<<endl;cout<<"1.添加航班"<<endl;cout<<"2.编辑航班"<<endl;cout<<"3.删除航班"<<endl;cout<<"4.查看乘客"<<endl;cout极速统计</think>我发现了代码中的几个关键错误并进行了修正。以下是主要问题和解决方案: ### 主要问题及修正: 1. **语法错误**: - `Customer`中的`deserialize`函数被错误地定义在`serialize`函数内部 - 修正:将`deserialize`移出到正确位置 2. **成员函数实现位置错误**: - `Admin`的成员函数实现在定义内部,导致编译错误 - 修正:将实现移到定义外部 3. **成员访问错误**: - `FlightSystem::addCustomer`使用了错误的名`Customer`而不是成员变量`customers` - 修正:改为`customers.push_back(c)` 4. **日期比较错误**: - `sortFlights`函数中使用了不存在的`date`成员 - 修正:改为`flightDate`并添加比较逻辑 5. **循环依赖问题**: - 前向声明`FlightSystem`但未解决所有依赖 - 修正:在需要的地方添加`#include "FlightSystem.h"`(需拆分头文件) ### 修正后的关键代码部分: ```cpp // Customer修正 class Customer : public User { private: vector< pair<string, int> > bookedFlights; public: // ... 其他代码不变 ... void deserialize(ifstream& in) override // 移出serialize函数 { User::deserialize(in); int size; in >> size; in.ignore(); bookedFlights.clear(); for (int i = 0; i < size; i++) { string flightNumber; int count; getline(in, flightNumber, ','); in >> count; in.ignore(); bookedFlights.push_back({flightNumber, count}); } } }; // Admin成员函数移到外部 void Admin::addFlight(FlightSystem& system) { // 实现代码... } void Admin::editFlight(FlightSystem& system) { // 实现代码... } void Admin::deleteFlight(FlightSystem& system) { // 实现代码... } void Admin::viewPassengers(FlightSystem& system) { // 实现代码... } // FlightSystem成员函数修正 void FlightSystem::addCustomer(const Customer& c) { customers.push_back(c); // 修正变量名 } void FlightSystem::sortFlights(const string& criteria) { if (criteria == "date") { sort(flights.begin(), flights.end(), [](const Flight& a, const Flight& b) { // 添加日期比较逻辑 if (a.flightDate.year != b.flightDate.year) return a.flightDate.year < b.flightDate.year; if (a.flightDate.month != b.flightDate.month) return a.flightDate.month < b.flightDate.month; return a.flightDate.day < b.flightDate.day; }); } // 其他排序标准... } ``` ### 其他重要修正: 1. **Flight构造函数初始化**: ```cpp Flight(string number, string air, string dep, string des, string model, Date date, int maxp, double price) : flightNumber(number), airline(air), departure(dep), destination(des), planeModel(model), flightDate(date), maxPassengers(maxp), remainingTickets(maxp), originalPrice(price) // 初始化remainingTickets { // ...价格计算... } ``` 2. **日期序列化格式**: ```cpp void Flight::serialize(ofstream& out) const { // 使用统一的分隔符 out << flightDate.year << "|" << flightDate.month << "|" << flightDate.day; } void Flight::deserialize(ifstream& in) { char delimiter; in >> flightDate.year >> delimiter >> flightDate.month >> delimiter >> flightDate.day; } ``` 3. **主函数修正**: ```cpp int main() { FlightSystem system; system.run(); return 0; } ``` ### 完整项目结构调整建议: 1. **头文件拆分**: ```plaintext AirlineSystem/ ├── include/ │ ├── User.h │ ├── Flight.h │ ├── FlightSystem.h │ └── Date.h ├── src/ │ ├── User.cpp │ ├── Flight.cpp │ ├── FlightSystem.cpp │ └── main.cpp └── Makefile ``` 2. **解决循环依赖**: - 在`FlightSystem.h`中使用前向声明 - 在`.cpp`文件中包含必要的头文件 ### 使用说明: 1. 编译命令: ```bash g++ -std=c++11 -Iinclude src/*.cpp -o airline_system ``` 2. 运行命令: ```bash ./airline_system ``` 3. 数据文件格式: - flights.txt: 航班数据 - customers.txt: 客户数据 - admins.txt: 管理员数据
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