Hibernate创建数据库表（一对一and一对多） -优快云博客

本文介绍使用Hibernate进行数据库操作的方法，包括配置文件、映射文件的编写及一对一、一对多关系的映射实现。

摘要生成于 C知道，由 DeepSeek-R1 满血版支持，前往体验 >

使用的数据库是MSSQL，库名hibernate，预建立的表有3张。
分别是Student（学生）表，字段名：id、team_di、name、cardId、age。
team（班级）表，字段名：id、team_id。
Certificate（身份证）表，字段名：id、describe。
Student与Certificate是一对一的关系，team与Student是一对多的关系。
1.建立工程->加入Hibernate能力（自动生成.cfg.xml文件）代码如下：

<?xml version='1.0' encoding='UTF-8'?>
2

<!DOCTYPE hibernate-configuration PUBLIC
3

"-//Hibernate/Hibernate Configuration DTD 3.0//EN"
4

"http://hibernate.sourceforge.net/hibernate-configuration-3.0.dtd">
5

7

<hibernate-configuration>
8

<session-factory>
10

<property name="dialect">
11

org.hibernate.dialect.SQLServerDialect
12

</property>
13

<property name="connection.url">
14

jdbc:microsoft:sqlserver://localhost:1433;databasename=hibernate
15

</property>
16

<property name="connection.username">sa</property>
17

<property name="connection.password">sa</property>
18

<property name="connection.driver_class">
19

com.microsoft.jdbc.sqlserver.SQLServerDriver
20

</property>
21

<property name="myeclipse.connection.profile">MsSQL</property>
22

<property name="hibernate.hbm2ddl.auto">create-drop</property>
24

<property name="show_sql">true</property>
25

<mapping resource="com/zzn/hibernate1/Certificate.hbm.xml" />
28

<mapping resource="com/zzn/hibernate1/Student.hbm.xml" />
29

<mapping resource="com/zzn/hibernate1/Team.hbm.xml" />
30

</session-factory>
33

</hibernate-configuration>

我们小分析一下要注意的代码。
14行的databasename=hibernate是你要让hibernate把数据库表建立到那个数据库里，需要你来指定。如果不指定就加到默认的库中。
23行的<property name="hibernate.hbm2dll.auro"></property>千万不要忘写。中间的参数可以是create-drop或update，如果你建立的表名在数据库中已有，那么create-drop是将它删然后建立你用hibernate要建立的表，而update则是更新你已有的数据库表，原有的列都不会被删除。
24行是在console中显示执行的SQL语句。
27-29行是即将要建立的映射文件。
2.下面我们要编写映射文件。
Student.hbm.xml

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
2

<!DOCTYPE hibernate-mapping PUBLIC "-//Hibernate/Hibernate Mapping DTD 3.0//EN"
3

"http://hibernate.sourceforge.net/hibernate-mapping-3.0.dtd">
4

<hibernate-mapping>
5

<class name="com.zzn.hibernate1.Student" table="student" lazy="true">
6

<id name="id" unsaved-value="null">
7

<generator class="uuid.hex"></generator>
8

</id>
9

<property name="cardid" type="string"></property>
10

<property name="name" type="string"></property>
11

<property name="age" type="int"></property>
12

<one-to-one name="cer" class="com.zzn.hibernate1.Certificate"
13

fetch="join" cascade="all">
14

</one-to-one>
15

<many-to-one name="team" class="com.zzn.hibernate1.Team" column="team_id" fetch="join"

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
2

<!DOCTYPE hibernate-mapping PUBLIC "-//Hibernate/Hibernate Mapping DTD 3.0//EN"
3

"http://hibernate.sourceforge.net/hibernate-mapping-3.0.dtd">
4

<hibernate-mapping>
5

<class name="com.zzn.hibernate1.Student" table="student" lazy="true">
6

<id name="id" unsaved-value="null">
7

<generator class="uuid.hex"></generator>
8

</id>
9

<property name="cardid" type="string"></property>
10

<property name="name" type="string"></property>
11

<property name="age" type="int"></property>
12

<one-to-one name="cer" class="com.zzn.hibernate1.Certificate"
13

fetch="join" cascade="all">
14

</one-to-one>
15

<many-to-one name="team" class="com.zzn.hibernate1.Team" column="team_id" fetch="join" cascade="all>
16

</many-to-one>
17

</class>
18

</hibernate-mapping>

="all>
16

</many-to-one>
17

</class>
18

</hibernate-mapping>

Certificate.hbm.xml

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
2

<!DOCTYPE hibernate-mapping PUBLIC "-//Hibernate/Hibernate Mapping DTD 3.0//EN"
3

"http://hibernate.sourceforge.net/hibernate-mapping-3.0.dtd">
4

<hibernate-mapping>
5

<class name="com.zzn.hibernate1.Certificate" table="certificate" lazy="true">
6

<id name="id">
7

<generator class="foreign">
8

<param name="property">stu</param>
9

</generator>
10

</id>
11

<one-to-one name="stu" class="com.zzn.hibernate1.Student" fetch="join" constrained="true">
12

</one-to-one>
13

<property name="describe" column="describes" type="string"></property>
14

</class>
15

</hibernate-mapping>

Team.hbm.xml

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
2

<!DOCTYPE hibernate-mapping PUBLIC "-//Hibernate/Hibernate Mapping DTD 3.0//EN"
3

"http://hibernate.sourceforge.net/hibernate-mapping-3.0.dtd">
4

<hibernate-mapping>
5

<class name="com.zzn.hibernate1.Team" table="team" lazy="true">
6

<id name="id" unsaved-value="null">
7

<generator class="uuid.hex">
8

</generator>
9

</id>
10

<property name="teamName" type="string"></property>
11

<set name="students" inverse="true" fetch="select" lazy="true">
12

<key column="team_id"></key>
13

<one-to-many class="com.zzn.hibernate1.Student"/>
14

</set>
15

</class>
16

</hibernate-mapping>

编写持久化类
Student.java

package com.zzn.hibernate1;

public class Student

{

private String id;

private String name;

private String cardid;

private int age;

private Certificate cer;

private Team team;

//省略getter和settet方法

Certificate.java

package com.zzn.hibernate1;

public class Certificate

{

private String id;

private String describe;

private Student stu;

//省略getter和settet方法

Team.java

package com.zzn.hibernate1;

import java.util.HashSet;

import java.util.Set;

public class Team

{

private String id;

private Set students=new HashSet();

private String teamName;

//省略getter和setter方法

以上都完成就可以写个测试文件测试一下了。
Test.java

package com.zzn.hibernate1;

import org.hibernate.Session;

import org.hibernate.SessionFactory;

import org.hibernate.Transaction;

import org.hibernate.cfg.Configuration;

public class Test

{

public static void main(String[] args)

{

Configuration conf = new Configuration().configure();

SessionFactory sf = conf.buildSessionFactory();

Session sess = sf.openSession();

Transaction tx = sess.beginTransaction();

Student stu= new Student();

Certificate cer=new Certificate();

Team t=new Team();

stu.setId("1");

stu.setAge(22);

stu.setCardid("10001");

stu.setName("xiaoming");

stu.setTeam(t);

stu.setCer(cer);

t.setId("1001");

t.setTeamName("3.2");

cer.setDescribe("asdf");

cer.setStu(stu);

sess.save(stu);

tx.commit();

sess.close();

}