一、避免创建数据库及表出现中文乱码和查看编码方法
1、创建数据库的时候:
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CREATE DATABASE `test`
CHARACTER SET 'utf8'
COLLATE 'utf8_general_ci' ;
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2、建表的时候
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CREATE TABLE `database_user` (
`ID` varchar (40) NOT NULL default '' ,
`UserID` varchar (40) NOT NULL default '' ,
) ENGINE=InnoDB DEFAULT CHARSET=utf8;
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这3个设置好了,基本就不会出问题了,即建库和建表时都使用相同的编码格式。
但是如果你已经建了库和表可以通过以下方式进行查询。
1.查看默认的编码格式:
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mysql> show variables like "%char%" ;
+ --------------------------+---------------+
| Variable_name | Value |
+ --------------------------+---------------+
| character_set_client | gbk |
| character_set_connection | gbk |
| character_set_database | utf8 |
| character_set_filesystem | binary |
| character_set_results | gbk |
| character_set_server | utf8 |
| character_set_system | utf8 |
+ --------------------------+-------------+
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注:以前2个来确定,可以使用set names utf8,set names gbk设置默认的编码格式;
执行SET NAMES utf8的效果等同于同时设定如下:
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SET character_set_client= 'utf8' ;
SET character_set_connection= 'utf8' ;
SET character_set_results= 'utf8' ;
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2.查看test数据库的编码格式:
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mysql> show create database test;
+ ------------+------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------+
| Database | Create Database |
+ ------------+------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------+
| test | CREATE DATABASE `test` /*!40100 DEFAULT CHARACTER SET gbk */ |
+ ------------+------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------+
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3.查看yjdb数据表的编码格式:
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mysql> show create table yjdb;
| yjdb | CREATE TABLE `yjdb` (
`sn` int (5) NOT NULL AUTO_INCREMENT,
`type` varchar (10) NOT NULL ,
`brc` varchar (6) NOT NULL ,
`teller` int (6) NOT NULL ,
`telname` varchar (10) NOT NULL ,
` date ` int (10) NOT NULL ,
` count ` int (6) NOT NULL ,
`back` int (10) NOT NULL ,
PRIMARY KEY (`sn`),
UNIQUE KEY `sn` (`sn`),
UNIQUE KEY `sn_2` (`sn`)
) ENGINE=MyISAM AUTO_INCREMENT=1826 DEFAULT CHARSET=gbk ROW_FORMAT= DYNAMIC |
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二、避免导入数据有中文乱码的问题
1:将数据编码格式保存为utf-8
设置默认编码为utf8:
set names utf8;
设置数据库db_name默认为utf8:
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ALTER DATABASE `db_name` DEFAULT CHARACTER SET utf8 COLLATE utf8_general_ci;
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设置表tb_name默认编码为utf8:
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ALTER TABLE `tb_name` DEFAULT CHARACTER SET utf8 COLLATE utf8_general_ci;
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导入:
LOAD DATA LOCAL INFILE 'C:\\utf8.txt' INTO TABLE yjdb;
2:将数据编码格式保存为ansi(即GBK或GB2312)
设置默认编码为gbk:
set names gbk;
设置数据库db_name默认编码为gbk:
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ALTER DATABASE `db_name` DEFAULT CHARACTER SET gbk COLLATE gbk_chinese_ci;
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设置表tb_name默认编码为gbk:
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ALTER TABLE `tb_name` DEFAULT CHARACTER SET gbk COLLATE gbk_chinese_ci;
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导入:
LOAD DATA LOCAL INFILE 'C:\\gbk.txt' INTO TABLE yjdb;
注:1.UTF8不要导入gbk,gbk不要导入UTF8;