本文总结了iOS开发中与WiFi相关的功能，包括使用SimplePing进行Ping测试、获取WiFi信息、获取WiFi名称、获取网关地址以及获取本机在WiFi环境下的IP地址。通过示例代码和第三方库，详细介绍了实现这些功能的步骤和注意事项。
支持在iOS9以上
在 Capabilities 找到 Wireless Accessory Configuration
权限 EFNEHotspotHelperDemo.entitlements ++ ExternalAccessory.framework
<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<!DOCTYPE plist PUBLIC "-//Apple//DTD PLIST 1.0//EN" "http://www.apple.com/DTDs/PropertyList-1.0.dtd">
<plist version="1.0">
<dict>
<key>com.apple.external-accessory.wireless-configuration</key>
<true/>
<key>com.apple.developer.networking.HotspotHelper</key>
<true/>
</dict>
</plist>懒人模式开启，直接copy运行：
#import "ViewController.h"
#import <NetworkExtension/NetworkExtension.h>
@interface ViewController ()
@property (nonatomic, strong) UITextView *outputLabel;
@property (nonatomic, strong) UIButton *settingButton;
@property (nonatomic, copy) NSString *infoString;
@end
@implementation ViewController
- (void)viewDidLoad {
[super viewDidLoad];
// 添加控件
[self addControl];
// 根据扫描任务添加结果设置按钮状态
[self.settingButton setEnabled: [self scanWifiInfo]];
// 添加进入前台时的刷新
[self observeApplicationNotifications];
}
- (void)viewWillAppear:(BOOL)animated {
[super viewWillAppear: animated];
[self refresh];
}
- (void)addControl {
CGSize screenSize = [UIScreen mainScreen].bounds.size;
self.outputLabel = [[UITextView alloc] initWithFrame: CGRectMake(3, 23, screenSize.width - 6, screenSize.height - 89)];
self.outputLabel.font = [UIFont systemFontOfSize: 13];
self.outputLabel.layer.borderWidth = 1;
self.outputLabel.editable = NO;
self.outputLabel.layer.borderColor = [[UIColor blackColor] CGColor];
[self.view addSubview: self.outputLabel];
self.settingButton = [[UIButton alloc] initWithFrame: CGRectMake(3, screenSize.height - 64, screenSize.width - 6, 60)];
self.settingButton.titleLabel.font = [UIFont systemFontOfSize: 20];
[self.settingButton setTitle: @"Open WiFi Setting" forState: UIControlStateNormal];
[self.settingButton setTitleColor: [UIColor blackColor] forState: UIControlStateNormal];
self.settingButton.layer.borderWidth = 1;
self.settingButton.layer.borderColor = [[UIColor blackColor] CGColor];
[self.settingButton addTarget: self action:@selector(openWiFiSetting) forControlEvents: UIControlEventTouchUpInside];
[self.view addSubview: self.settingButton];
}
- (BOOL)scanWifiInfo {
NSLog(@"1.Start");
self.outputLabel.text = @"1.Start";
NSMutableDictionary* options = [[NSMutableDictionary alloc] init];
[options setObject:@"EFNEHotspotHelperDemo" forKey: kNEHotspotHelperOptionDisplayName];
dispatch_queue_t queue = dispatch_queue_create("EFNEHotspotHelperDemo", NULL);
NSLog(@"2.Try");
self.outputLabel.text = @"2.Try";
__weak typeof(self) weakself = self;
BOOL returnType = [NEHotspotHelper registerWithOptions: options queue: queue handler: ^(NEHotspotHelperCommand * cmd) {
NSLog(@"4.Finish");
NSMutableString* resultString = [[NSMutableString alloc] initWithString: @""];
NEHotspotNetwork* network;
if (cmd.commandType == kNEHotspotHelperCommandTypeEvaluate || cmd.commandType == kNEHotspotHelperCommandTypeFilterScanList) {
// 遍历 WiFi 列表，打印基本信息
for (network in cmd.networkList) {
NSString* wifiInfoString = [[NSString alloc] initWithFormat: @"SSID: %@\nMac地址: %@\n信号强度: %f\nCommandType:%ld\n\n",
network.SSID, network.BSSID, network.signalStrength, (long)cmd.commandType];
NSLog(@"%@", wifiInfoString);
[resultString appendString: wifiInfoString];
// 检测到指定 WiFi 可设定密码直接连接
if ([network.SSID isEqualToString: @"测试 WiFi"]) {
[network setConfidence: kNEHotspotHelperConfidenceHigh];
[network setPassword: @"123456789"];
NEHotspotHelperResponse *response = [cmd createResponse: kNEHotspotHelperResultSuccess];
NSLog(@"Response CMD: %@", response);
[response setNetworkList: @[network]];
[response setNetwork: network];
[response deliver];
}
}
}
weakself.infoString = resultString;
}];
// 注册成功 returnType 会返回一个 Yes 值，否则 No
NSString* logString = [[NSString alloc] initWithFormat: @"3.Result: %@", returnType == YES ? @"Yes" : @"No"];
NSLog(@"%@", logString);
self.outputLabel.text = logString;
return returnType;
}
// 打开 无线局域网设置
- (void)openWiFiSetting {
NSURL* urlCheck1 = [NSURL URLWithString: @"App-Prefs:root=WIFI"];
NSURL* urlCheck2 = [NSURL URLWithString: @"prefs:root=WIFI"];
NSURL* urlCheck3 = [NSURL URLWithString: UIApplicationOpenSettingsURLString];
NSLog(@"Try to open WiFi Setting, waiting...");
self.outputLabel.text = @"Try to open WiFi Setting, waiting...";
if ([[UIApplication sharedApplication] canOpenURL: urlCheck1]) {
[[UIApplication sharedApplication] openURL: urlCheck1];
} else if ([[UIApplication sharedApplication] canOpenURL: urlCheck2]) {
[[UIApplication sharedApplication] openURL: urlCheck2];
} else if ([[UIApplication sharedApplication] canOpenURL: urlCheck3]) {
[[UIApplication sharedApplication] openURL: urlCheck3];
} else {
NSLog(@"Unable to open WiFi Setting!");
self.outputLabel.text = @"Unable to open WiFi Setting!";
return;
}
NSLog(@"Open WiFi Setting successful.");
self.outputLabel.text = @"Open WiFi Setting successful.";
}
// 从设置页或者其他地方回来刷新
- (void)observeApplicationNotifications {
[[NSNotificationCenter defaultCenter] removeObserver: self];
[[NSNotificationCenter defaultCenter] addObserver: self
selector: @selector(refresh)
name: UIApplicationWillEnterForegroundNotification
object: nil];
[[NSNotificationCenter defaultCenter] addObserver: self
selector: @selector(refresh)
name: UIApplicationDidBecomeActiveNotification
object: nil];
}
// 刷新获取到的 WiFi 信息
- (void)refresh {
if (self.infoString != nil && ![self.infoString isEqual: @""]) {
self.outputLabel.text = self.infoString;
}
}
1.Ping域名、Ping某IP
有时候可能会遇到ping 某个域名或者ip通不通，再做下一步操作。这里的ping与传统的做get或者post请求还是有很大区别的。比如我们连接了某个WiFi，测试ping www.baidu.com，如果能ping 通，基本可以断定可以上网了，但是如果我们做了一个get 请求（url 是www.baidu.com）,路由器可能重定向这个WiFi内的某网页了，依然没有错误返回，就会误认为可以正常上网。
这里有关于ping命令的详细解释：百度百科Ping
iOS中想要ping域名或者ip，苹果提供了一个官方例子SimplePing
在例子中，有一个苹果已经封装过的类【SimplePing.h】和【SimplePing.m】
使用起来也相当的简单：
首先创建一个Ping对象：
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SimplePing *pinger = [[SimplePing alloc] initWithHostName:self.hostName];
self.pinger = pinger;
pinger.delegate = self;
pinger.addressStyle = SimplePingAddressStyleICMPv4;
[pinger start];
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然后在start成功的代理方法中，发送数据报文：
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/**
* start成功，也就是准备工作做完后的回调
*/
- (void)simplePing:(SimplePing *)pinger didStartWithAddress:(NSData *)address
{
// 发送测试报文数据
[self.pinger sendPingWithData:nil];
}
- (void)simplePing:(SimplePing *)pinger didFailWithError:(NSError *)error
{
NSLog(@
"didFailWithError"
);
[self.pinger stop];
}
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其他几个代理方法也非常简单，就简单记录一下：
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// 发送测试报文成功的回调方法
- (void)simplePing:(SimplePing *)pinger didSendPacket:(NSData *)packet sequenceNumber:(uint16_t)sequenceNumber
{
NSLog(@
"#%u sent"
, sequenceNumber);
}
//发送测试报文失败的回调方法
- (void)simplePing:(SimplePing *)pinger didFailToSendPacket:(NSData *)packet sequenceNumber:(uint16_t)sequenceNumber error:(NSError *)error
{
NSLog(@
"#%u send failed: %@"
, sequenceNumber, error);
}
// 接收到ping的地址所返回的数据报文回调方法
- (void)simplePing:(SimplePing *)pinger didReceivePingResponsePacket:(NSData *)packet sequenceNumber:(uint16_t)sequenceNumber
{
NSLog(@
"#%u received, size=%zu"
, sequenceNumber, packet.length);
}
- (void)simplePing:(SimplePing *)pinger didReceiveUnexpectedPacket:(NSData *)packet
{
NSLog(@
"#%s"
,__func__);
}
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注意点：
iOS 中 ping失败后（即发送测试报文成功后，一直没后收到响应的报文）,不会有任何回调方法告知我们。而一般ping 一次的结果也不太准确，ping 花费的时间也非常短，所以我们一般会ping多次，发送一次ping 测试报文0.5s后检测一下这一次ping是否已经收到响应。0.5s后检测时，如果已经收到响应，则可以ping 通；如果没有收到响应，则视为超时。
做法也有很多种，可以用NSTimer或者 {- (void)performSelector: withObject:afterDelay:}
这里有一个别人写的工程：https://github.com/lovesunstar/STPingTest
PingTest效果图
终端ping效果图
2.获取WiFi信息
以前物联网刚火的时候，出现过很多一体式无线路由，所以App里难免会遇到要判断当前所连接的WiFi，以及获取WiFi信息的功能。13年的时候查过一些关于WiFi的方法，后面渐渐都忘记了。惭愧！！！
需要添加SystemConfiguration.framework 并在当前类中添加代码
#import arpa/inet.h>
#import netinet/in.h>
#import ifaddrs.h>
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//获取WiFi 信息，返回的字典中包含了WiFi的名称、路由器的Mac地址、还有一个Data(转换成字符串打印出来是wifi名称)
- (NSDictionary *)fetchSSIDInfo {
NSArray *ifs = (__bridge_transfer NSArray *)CNCopySupportedInterfaces();
if
(!ifs) {
return
nil;
}
NSDictionary *info = nil;
for
(NSString *ifnam
in
ifs) {
info = (__bridge_transfer NSDictionary *)CNCopyCurrentNetworkInfo((__bridge CFStringRef)ifnam);
if
(info && [info count]) {
break
; }
}
return
info;
}
//打印出来的结果：
2016-05-12 15:28:51.674 SimplePing[18883:6790207] WIFI_INFO:{
BSSID =
"a4:2b:8c:c:7f:bd"
;
SSID = bdmy06;
SSIDDATA = ;
}
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3.获取WiFi名称
有了上一步，获取WiFi名称就非常简单了。
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NSString *WiFiName = info[@
"SSID"
];
//打印结果：
2016-05-12 15:35:13.059 SimplePing[18887:6791418] bdmy06
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完整的：
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- (NSString *)fetchWiFiName {
NSArray *ifs = (__bridge_transfer NSArray *)CNCopySupportedInterfaces();
if
(!ifs) {
return
nil;
}
NSString *WiFiName = nil;
for
(NSString *ifnam
in
ifs) {
NSDictionary *info = (__bridge_transfer NSDictionary *)CNCopyCurrentNetworkInfo((__bridge CFStringRef)ifnam);
if
(info && [info count]) {
// 这里其实对应的有三个key:kCNNetworkInfoKeySSID、kCNNetworkInfoKeyBSSID、kCNNetworkInfoKeySSIDData，
// 不过它们都是CFStringRef类型的
WiFiName = [info objectForKey:(__bridge NSString *)kCNNetworkInfoKeySSID];
// WiFiName = [info objectForKey:@"SSID"];
break
;
}
}
return
WiFiName;
}
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4.获取当前所连接WiFi的网关地址
例如自己家的路由器一般默认的网关地址是192.168.1.1，获取的就是这个192.168.1.1。
为什么不直接写死呢？
因为一些商场或者有多个路由器的网关地址是不一样的，比如之前有个公司的网关是192.168.89.1。
这里有篇博客，这是地址
需要导入的库：
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#import #import #import
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获取网关的方法
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- (NSString *)getGatewayIpForCurrentWiFi {
NSString *address = @
"error"
;
struct ifaddrs *interfaces = NULL;
struct ifaddrs *temp_addr = NULL;
int success = 0;
// retrieve the current interfaces - returns 0 on success
success = getifaddrs(&interfaces);
if
(success == 0) {
// Loop through linked list of interfaces
temp_addr = interfaces;
//*/
while
(temp_addr != NULL) {
/*/
int i=255;
while
((i--)>0)
//*/
if
(temp_addr->ifa_addr->sa_family == AF_INET) {
// Check if interface is en0 which is the wifi connection on the iPhone
if
([[NSString stringWithUTF8String:temp_addr->ifa_name] isEqualToString:@
"en0"
])
{
// Get NSString from C String //ifa_addr
//ifa->ifa_dstaddr is the broadcast address, which explains the "255's"
// address = [NSString stringWithUTF8String:inet_ntoa(((struct sockaddr_in *)temp_addr->ifa_dstaddr)->sin_addr)];
address = [NSString stringWithUTF8String:inet_ntoa(((struct sockaddr_in *)temp_addr->ifa_addr)->sin_addr)];
//routerIP----192.168.1.255 广播地址
NSLog(@
"broadcast address--%@"
,[NSString stringWithUTF8String:inet_ntoa(((struct sockaddr_in *)temp_addr->ifa_dstaddr)->sin_addr)]);
//--192.168.1.106 本机地址
NSLog(@
"local device ip--%@"
,[NSString stringWithUTF8String:inet_ntoa(((struct sockaddr_in *)temp_addr->ifa_addr)->sin_addr)]);
//--255.255.255.0 子网掩码地址
NSLog(@
"netmask--%@"
,[NSString stringWithUTF8String:inet_ntoa(((struct sockaddr_in *)temp_addr->ifa_netmask)->sin_addr)]);
//--en0 端口地址
NSLog(@
"interface--%@"
,[NSString stringWithUTF8String:temp_addr->ifa_name]);
}
}
temp_addr = temp_addr->ifa_next;
}
}
// Free memory
freeifaddrs(interfaces);
in_addr_t i = inet_addr([address cStringUsingEncoding:NSUTF8StringEncoding]);
in_addr_t* x = &i;
unsigned char *s = getdefaultgateway(x);
NSString *ip=[NSString stringWithFormat:@
"%d.%d.%d.%d"
,s[0],s[1],s[2],s[3]];
free(s);
return
ip;
}
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其中 getdefaultgateway 是一个C语言文件中的方法，在工程里可以找到。
5.获取本机在WiFi环境下的IP地址
获取本机在WiFi环境下的ip地址，在上一节中其实已经写过，这里将其提取出来即可：
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- (NSString *)getLocalIPAddressForCurrentWiFi
{
NSString *address = nil;
struct ifaddrs *interfaces = NULL;
struct ifaddrs *temp_addr = NULL;
int success = 0;
// retrieve the current interfaces - returns 0 on success
success = getifaddrs(&interfaces);
if
(success == 0) {
// Loop through linked list of interfaces
temp_addr = interfaces;
while
(temp_addr != NULL) {
if
(temp_addr->ifa_addr->sa_family == AF_INET) {
// Check if interface is en0 which is the wifi connection on the iPhone
if
([[NSString stringWithUTF8String:temp_addr->ifa_name] isEqualToString:@
"en0"
]) {
address = [NSString stringWithUTF8String:inet_ntoa(((struct sockaddr_in *)temp_addr->ifa_addr)->sin_addr)];
return
address;
}
}
temp_addr = temp_addr->ifa_next;
}
freeifaddrs(interfaces);
}
return
nil;
}
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同样的方式也可以获取广播地址、子网掩码、端口等，组装成一个字典。
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- (NSMutableDictionary *)getLocalInfoForCurrentWiFi {
NSMutableDictionary *dict = [NSMutableDictionary dictionary];
struct ifaddrs *interfaces = NULL;
struct ifaddrs *temp_addr = NULL;
int success = 0;
// retrieve the current interfaces - returns 0 on success
success = getifaddrs(&interfaces);
if
(success == 0) {
// Loop through linked list of interfaces
temp_addr = interfaces;
//*/
while
(temp_addr != NULL) {
if
(temp_addr->ifa_addr->sa_family == AF_INET) {
// Check if interface is en0 which is the wifi connection on the iPhone
if
([[NSString stringWithUTF8String:temp_addr->ifa_name] isEqualToString:@
"en0"
]) {
//----192.168.1.255 广播地址
NSString *broadcast = [NSString stringWithUTF8String:inet_ntoa(((struct sockaddr_in *)temp_addr->ifa_dstaddr)->sin_addr)];
if
(broadcast) {
[dict setObject:broadcast forKey:@
"broadcast"
];
}
NSLog(@
"broadcast address--%@"
,broadcast);
//--192.168.1.106 本机地址
NSString *localIp = [NSString stringWithUTF8String:inet_ntoa(((struct sockaddr_in *)temp_addr->ifa_addr)->sin_addr)];
if
(localIp) {
[dict setObject:localIp forKey:@
"localIp"
];
}
NSLog(@
"local device ip--%@"
,localIp);
//--255.255.255.0 子网掩码地址
NSString *netmask = [NSString stringWithUTF8String:inet_ntoa(((struct sockaddr_in *)temp_addr->ifa_netmask)->sin_addr)];
if
(netmask) {
[dict setObject:netmask forKey:@
"netmask"
];
}
NSLog(@
"netmask--%@"
,netmask);
//--en0 端口地址
NSString *interface = [NSString stringWithUTF8String:temp_addr->ifa_name];
if
(interface) {
[dict setObject:interface forKey:@
"interface"
];
}
NSLog(@
"interface--%@"
,interface);
return
dict;
}
}
temp_addr = temp_addr->ifa_next;
}
}
// Free memory
freeifaddrs(interfaces);
return
dict;
}
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将返回的字典打印出来：
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2016-05-12 17:59:09.257 SimplePing[19141:6830567] wifi:{
broadcast =
"192.168.1.255"
;
interface = en0;
localIp =
"192.168.1.7"
;
netmask =
"255.255.255.0"
;
}
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