oracle 10046简单分析

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本文介绍Oracle数据库10046事件的开启与关闭方法，并通过实例演示不同跟踪级别的效果，包括SQL语句跟踪、变量详情及等待事件等。

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天下文章一大抄，网上10046的文章很多，由于平时优化接触少，用的也不怎么熟练，一些小研究，全当笔记。

10046的分析级别：

level 1：跟踪sql语句，包括解析、执行、提取、提交和回滚等。

level 4：包括变量的详细信息

level 8：包括等待事件

level 12：包括绑定变量与等待事件

其中，level 1相当于打开了sql_trace

一、开启和关闭10046

session 级别：alter session set events ’10046  trace name context forever,level X’;

system 级别 : alter system  set events ’10046  trace name context forever,level X’;

关闭：alter session set events ‘10046 trace name context off’;

针对非本会话的 某一个进程设置，如果你知道他的SPID 操作系统进程号

oradebug setospid SPID;

SELECT P.SPID sPID, S.SID SID, S.USERNAME, P.PROGRAM, S.STATUS
  FROM V$PROCESS P, V$SESSION S
 WHERE P.ADDR = S.PADDR
   AND S.USERNAME IS NOT NULL;

oradebug event 10046 trace name context forever, level X;
oradebug event 10046 trace name context off  ;

下面是我自己做的一个测试:

/u01/admin/brentt/udump/brentt_ora_3257.trc
Oracle Database 10g Enterprise Edition Release 10.2.0.1.0 - 64bit Production
With the Partitioning, OLAP and Data Mining options
ORACLE_HOME = /u01/oracle
System name:	Linux
Node name:	ora01
Release:	2.6.32-200.13.1.el5uek
Version:	#1 SMP Wed Jul 27 21:02:33 EDT 2011
Machine:	x86_64
Instance name: brentt
Redo thread mounted by this instance: 1
Oracle process number: 13
Unix process pid: 3257, image: oracle@ora01 (TNS V1-V3)

*** 2014-06-25 23:39:01.327
*** ACTION NAME:() 2014-06-25 23:39:01.325
*** MODULE NAME:(SQL*Plus) 2014-06-25 23:39:01.325
*** SERVICE NAME:(SYS$USERS) 2014-06-25 23:39:01.325
*** SESSION ID:(159.5) 2014-06-25 23:39:01.325
Received ORADEBUG command 'event 10046 trace name context forever, level 12' from process Unix process pid: 3285, image: 
*** 2014-06-25 23:40:12.616
WAIT #0: nam='SQL*Net message from client' ela= 262547485 driver id=1650815232 #bytes=1 p3=0 obj#=11735 tim=1370811340445621
=====================
PARSING IN CURSOR #2 len=34 dep=0 uid=31 oct=6 lid=31 tim=1370811340449809 hv=187184471 ad='6df499b0'
update t1 set id=1000 where id =10
END OF STMT
PARSE #2:c=3000,e=3636,p=0,cr=0,cu=0,mis=1,r=0,dep=0,og=1,tim=1370811340449776
BINDS #2:
WAIT #2: nam='enq: TX - row lock contention' ela= 2930718 name|mode=1415053318 usn<<16 | slot=393219 sequence=2567 obj#=11735 tim=1370811343424894
WAIT #2: nam='enq: TX - row lock contention' ela= 2930412 name|mode=1415053318 usn<<16 | slot=393219 sequence=2567 obj#=11735 tim=1370811346355507
WAIT #2: nam='enq: TX - row lock contention' ela= 2930281 name|mode=1415053318 usn<<16 | slot=393219 sequence=2567 obj#=11735 tim=1370811349286138
*** 2014-06-25 23:40:24.670
WAIT #2: nam='enq: TX - row lock contention' ela= 2930520 name|mode=1415053318 usn<<16 | slot=393219 sequence=2567 obj#=11735 tim=1370811352216895
WAIT #2: nam='enq: TX - row lock contention' ela= 2930691 name|mode=1415053318 usn<<16 | slot=393219 sequence=2567 obj#=11735 tim=1370811355147895
WAIT #2: nam='enq: TX - row lock contention' ela= 2930881 name|mode=1415053318 usn<<16 | slot=393219 sequence=2567 obj#=11735 tim=1370811358079144
WAIT #2: nam='enq: TX - row lock contention' ela= 2930293 name|mode=1415053318 usn<<16 | slot=393219 sequence=2567 obj#=11735 tim=1370811361009814
*** 2014-06-25 23:40:36.675
WAIT #2: nam='enq: TX - row lock contention' ela= 2930428 name|mode=1415053318 usn<<16 | slot=393219 sequence=2567 obj#=11735 tim=1370811363940472
WAIT #2: nam='enq: TX - row lock contention' ela= 2930255 name|mode=1415053318 usn<<16 | slot=393219 sequence=2567 obj#=11735 tim=1370811366871177
WAIT #2: nam='enq: TX - row lock contention' ela= 2930473 name|mode=1415053318 usn<<16 | slot=393219 sequence=2567 obj#=11735 tim=1370811369801838
WAIT #2: nam='enq: TX - row lock contention' ela= 2930309 name|mode=1415053318 usn<<16 | slot=393219 sequence=2567 obj#=11735 tim=1370811372732490
*** 2014-06-25 23:40:48.679
WAIT #2: nam='enq: TX - row lock contention' ela= 2930475 name|mode=1415053318 usn<<16 | slot=393219 sequence=2567 obj#=11735 tim=1370811375663138
WAIT #2: nam='enq: TX - row lock contention' ela= 927336 name|mode=1415053318 usn<<16 | slot=393219 sequence=2567 obj#=11735 tim=1370811376590757
EXEC #2:c=3000,e=36141257,p=0,cr=9,cu=4,mis=0,r=1,dep=0,og=1,tim=1370811376591287
WAIT #2: nam='SQL*Net message to client' ela= 22 driver id=1650815232 #bytes=1 p3=0 obj#=-1 tim=1370811376628194
WAIT #2: nam='SQL*Net message from client' ela= 778 driver id=1650815232 #bytes=1 p3=0 obj#=-1 tim=1370811376629151
STAT #2 id=1 cnt=0 pid=0 pos=1 obj=0 op='UPDATE  T1 (cr=9 pr=0 pw=0 time=36101949 us)'
STAT #2 id=2 cnt=1 pid=1 pos=1 obj=11735 op='TABLE ACCESS FULL T1 (cr=8 pr=0 pw=0 time=455 us)'
WAIT #0: nam='SQL*Net message to client' ela= 783 driver id=1650815232 #bytes=1 p3=0 obj#=-1 tim=1370811376632324
WAIT #0: nam='SQL*Net message from client' ela= 2890969 driver id=1650815232 #bytes=1 p3=0 obj#=-1 tim=1370811379523447
=====================
PARSING IN CURSOR #3 len=6 dep=0 uid=31 oct=44 lid=31 tim=1370811379524495 hv=3480936638 ad='0'
commit
END OF STMT
PARSE #3:c=1000,e=695,p=0,cr=0,cu=0,mis=0,r=0,dep=0,og=0,tim=1370811379524466
XCTEND rlbk=0, rd_only=0
EXEC #3:c=1000,e=3802,p=0,cr=0,cu=1,mis=0,r=0,dep=0,og=0,tim=1370811379528506
WAIT #3: nam='SQL*Net message to client' ela= 20 driver id=1650815232 #bytes=1 p3=0 obj#=-1 tim=1370811379528734
WAIT #3: nam='SQL*Net message from client' ela= 779 driver id=1650815232 #bytes=1 p3=0 obj#=-1 tim=1370811379529631
WAIT #0: nam='SQL*Net message to client' ela= 20 driver id=1650815232 #bytes=1 p3=0 obj#=-1 tim=1370811379530751
*** 2014-06-25 23:45:07.414
WAIT #0: nam='SQL*Net message from client' ela= 248803722 driver id=1650815232 #bytes=1 p3=0 obj#=-1 tim=1370811628334761
=====================
PARSING IN CURSOR #1 len=33 dep=0 uid=31 oct=6 lid=31 tim=1370811628339229 hv=1766660651 ad='6df17858'
update t1 set id=10 where id=1000
END OF STMT
PARSE #1:c=2999,e=4157,p=0,cr=0,cu=0,mis=1,r=0,dep=0,og=1,tim=1370811628339199
BINDS #1:
WAIT #1: nam='enq: TX - row lock contention' ela= 2930683 name|mode=1415053318 usn<<16 | slot=589825 sequence=2572 obj#=11735 tim=1370811631272538
WAIT #1: nam='enq: TX - row lock contention' ela= 2930481 name|mode=1415053318 usn<<16 | slot=589825 sequence=2572 obj#=11735 tim=1370811634203274
WAIT #1: nam='enq: TX - row lock contention' ela= 2930275 name|mode=1415053318 usn<<16 | slot=589825 sequence=2572 obj#=11735 tim=1370811637133848
*** 2014-06-25 23:45:19.426
WAIT #1: nam='enq: TX - row lock contention' ela= 2930418 name|mode=1415053318 usn<<16 | slot=589825 sequence=2572 obj#=11735 tim=1370811640064473
WAIT #1: nam='enq: TX - row lock contention' ela= 2930362 name|mode=1415053318 usn<<16 | slot=589825 sequence=2572 obj#=11735 tim=1370811642995140
WAIT #1: nam='enq: TX - row lock contention' ela= 2931285 name|mode=1415053318 usn<<16 | slot=589825 sequence=2572 obj#=11735 tim=1370811645926591
WAIT #1: nam='enq: TX - row lock contention' ela= 2930608 name|mode=1415053318 usn<<16 | slot=589825 sequence=2572 obj#=11735 tim=1370811648857455
*** 2014-06-25 23:45:31.431
WAIT #1: nam='enq: TX - row lock contention' ela= 2930437 name|mode=1415053318 usn<<16 | slot=589825 sequence=2572 obj#=11735 tim=1370811651788065
WAIT #1: nam='enq: TX - row lock contention' ela= 2930388 name|mode=1415053318 usn<<16 | slot=589825 sequence=2572 obj#=11735 tim=1370811654718755
WAIT #1: nam='enq: TX - row lock contention' ela= 2930449 name|mode=1415053318 usn<<16 | slot=589825 sequence=2572 obj#=11735 tim=1370811657649374
WAIT #1: nam='enq: TX - row lock contention' ela= 1889366 name|mode=1415053318 usn<<16 | slot=589825 sequence=2572 obj#=11735 tim=1370811659539054
EXEC #1:c=2000,e=31198772,p=0,cr=11,cu=4,mis=0,r=1,dep=0,og=1,tim=1370811659539456
WAIT #1: nam='SQL*Net message to client' ela= 21 driver id=1650815232 #bytes=1 p3=0 obj#=-1 tim=1370811659539862
WAIT #1: nam='SQL*Net message from client' ela= 425 driver id=1650815232 #bytes=1 p3=0 obj#=-1 tim=1370811659540435
STAT #1 id=1 cnt=0 pid=0 pos=1 obj=0 op='UPDATE  T1 (cr=11 pr=0 pw=0 time=31198499 us)'
STAT #1 id=2 cnt=1 pid=1 pos=1 obj=11735 op='TABLE ACCESS FULL T1 (cr=10 pr=0 pw=0 time=684 us)'
WAIT #0: nam='SQL*Net message to client' ela= 436 driver id=1650815232 #bytes=1 p3=0 obj#=-1 tim=1370811659545116
*** 2014-06-25 23:46:17.147
WAIT #0: nam='SQL*Net message from client' ela= 36888022 driver id=1650815232 #bytes=1 p3=0 obj#=-1 tim=1370811696433511
PARSE #2:c=0,e=75,p=0,cr=0,cu=0,mis=0,r=0,dep=0,og=0,tim=1370811696433919
XCTEND rlbk=0, rd_only=0
EXEC #2:c=1000,e=450,p=0,cr=0,cu=1,mis=0,r=0,dep=0,og=0,tim=1370811696434442
WAIT #2: nam='log file sync' ela= 1293 buffer#=1220 p2=0 p3=0 obj#=-1 tim=1370811696435870
WAIT #2: nam='SQL*Net message to client' ela= 59 driver id=1650815232 #bytes=1 p3=0 obj#=-1 tim=1370811696436100
WAIT #2: nam='SQL*Net message from client' ela= 3898 driver id=1650815232 #bytes=1 p3=0 obj#=-1 tim=1370811696440517
WAIT #0: nam='SQL*Net message to client' ela= 20 driver id=1650815232 #bytes=1 p3=0 obj#=-1 tim=1370811696440949

PARSING IN CURSOR #2 len=34 dep=0 uid=31 oct=6 lid=31 tim=1370811340449809 hv=187184471 ad='6df499b0'
update t1 set id=1000 where id =10
END OF STMT


len表示sql语句的长度
dep表示sql语句递归深度，0表示不是递归SQL，如果DEP>0则说明是递归SQL
uid表示的USER_ID
lid表示用户权限id，好像和uid一致
SQL> select username from dba_users where user_id=31;
USERNAME
------------------------------
TEST

OCT表示Oracle中命令分类的类型  可以通过 V$SQL.COMMAND_TYPE获得对应关系，6表示update
SQL> select command_type,command_name from V$SQLCOMMAND;
time表示时间戳
HV表示sql语句的hash value
AD表示SQLTEXT的地址，来源于 V$SQLAREA.ADDRESS
==========================================================
PARSE #2:c=3000,e=3636,p=0,cr=0,cu=0,mis=1,r=0,dep=0,og=1,tim=1370811340449776

OG=1  OG 代表optimizer_mode ，具体对应关系见下表

0  游标不可见 或 优化器环境未合理创建
1 –  ALL_ROWS
2  - FIRST_ROWS
3   – RULE
4   – CHOOSE

c表示cpu time  单位us
e表示elapse time 单位us
p表示物理读的数目
CR表示一致性读引起的buffer get  
CU当前读current read 引起的buffer get 数目
mis表示硬解析的次数

==========
PARSE    是SQL运行的第一个阶段，解析SQL

EXEC     是SQL运行的第二个阶段，运行已经解析过的语句

FETCH    从游标中  fetch数据行

tkprof之后的如下：

TKPROF: Release 10.2.0.1.0 - Production on Wed Jun 25 23:47:52 2014

Copyright (c) 1982, 2005, Oracle.  All rights reserved.

Trace file: brentt_ora_3257.trc
Sort options: default

********************************************************************************
count    = number of times OCI procedure was executed
cpu      = cpu time in seconds executing 
elapsed  = elapsed time in seconds executing
disk     = number of physical reads of buffers from disk
query    = number of buffers gotten for consistent read
current  = number of buffers gotten in current mode (usually for update)
rows     = number of rows processed by the fetch or execute call
********************************************************************************

update t1 set id=1000 
where
 id =10


call     count       cpu    elapsed       disk      query    current        rows
------- ------  -------- ---------- ---------- ---------- ----------  ----------
Parse        2      0.00       0.00          0          0          0           0
Execute      2      0.00      36.14          0          9          5           1
Fetch        0      0.00       0.00          0          0          0           0
------- ------  -------- ---------- ---------- ---------- ----------  ----------
total        4      0.00      36.14          0          9          5           1

Misses in library cache during parse: 1
Parsing user id: 31  

Rows     Row Source Operation
-------  ---------------------------------------------------
      0  UPDATE  T1 (cr=9 pr=0 pw=0 time=36101949 us)
      1   TABLE ACCESS FULL T1 (cr=8 pr=0 pw=0 time=455 us)


Elapsed times include waiting on following events:
  Event waited on                             Times   Max. Wait  Total Waited
  ----------------------------------------   Waited  ----------  ------------
  enq: TX - row lock contention                  13        2.93         36.09     --表示等待了13此，最大一次等待了2.93秒，总共等待了36.09秒
  SQL*Net message to client                       2        0.00          0.00
  SQL*Net message from client                     2        0.00          0.00
  log file sync                                   1        0.00          0.00
********************************************************************************

commit


call     count       cpu    elapsed       disk      query    current        rows
------- ------  -------- ---------- ---------- ---------- ----------  ----------
Parse        1      0.00       0.00          0          0          0           0
Execute      1      0.00       0.00          0          0          1           0
Fetch        0      0.00       0.00          0          0          0           0
------- ------  -------- ---------- ---------- ---------- ----------  ----------
total        2      0.00       0.00          0          0          1           0

Misses in library cache during parse: 0
Parsing user id: 31  

Elapsed times include waiting on following events:
  Event waited on                             Times   Max. Wait  Total Waited
  ----------------------------------------   Waited  ----------  ------------
  SQL*Net message to client                       1        0.00          0.00
  SQL*Net message from client                     1        0.00          0.00
********************************************************************************

update t1 set id=10 
where
 id=1000


call     count       cpu    elapsed       disk      query    current        rows
------- ------  -------- ---------- ---------- ---------- ----------  ----------
Parse        1      0.00       0.00          0          0          0           0
Execute      1      0.00      31.19          0         11          4           1
Fetch        0      0.00       0.00          0          0          0           0
------- ------  -------- ---------- ---------- ---------- ----------  ----------
total        2      0.00      31.20          0         11          4           1

Misses in library cache during parse: 1
Optimizer mode: ALL_ROWS
Parsing user id: 31  

Rows     Row Source Operation
-------  ---------------------------------------------------
      0  UPDATE  T1 (cr=11 pr=0 pw=0 time=31198499 us)
      1   TABLE ACCESS FULL T1 (cr=10 pr=0 pw=0 time=684 us)


Elapsed times include waiting on following events:
  Event waited on                             Times   Max. Wait  Total Waited
  ----------------------------------------   Waited  ----------  ------------
  enq: TX - row lock contention                  11        2.93         31.19
  SQL*Net message to client                       1        0.00          0.00
  SQL*Net message from client                     1        0.00          0.00



********************************************************************************

OVERALL TOTALS FOR ALL NON-RECURSIVE STATEMENTS

call     count       cpu    elapsed       disk      query    current        rows
------- ------  -------- ---------- ---------- ---------- ----------  ----------
Parse        4      0.00       0.00          0          0          0           0
Execute      4      0.00      67.34          0         20         10           2
Fetch        0      0.00       0.00          0          0          0           0
------- ------  -------- ---------- ---------- ---------- ----------  ----------
total        8      0.01      67.35          0         20         10           2

Misses in library cache during parse: 2

Elapsed times include waiting on following events:
  Event waited on                             Times   Max. Wait  Total Waited
  ----------------------------------------   Waited  ----------  ------------
  SQL*Net message from client                     8      262.54        551.13
  enq: TX - row lock contention                  24        2.93         67.28
  SQL*Net message to client                       8        0.00          0.00
  log file sync                                   1        0.00          0.00


OVERALL TOTALS FOR ALL RECURSIVE STATEMENTS

call     count       cpu    elapsed       disk      query    current        rows
------- ------  -------- ---------- ---------- ---------- ----------  ----------
Parse        0      0.00       0.00          0          0          0           0
Execute      0      0.00       0.00          0          0          0           0
Fetch        0      0.00       0.00          0          0          0           0
------- ------  -------- ---------- ---------- ---------- ----------  ----------
total        0      0.00       0.00          0          0          0           0

Misses in library cache during parse: 0

    3  user  SQL statements in session.
    0  internal SQL statements in session.
    3  SQL statements in session.
********************************************************************************
Trace file: brentt_ora_3257.trc
Trace file compatibility: 10.01.00
Sort options: default

       1  session in tracefile.
       3  user  SQL statements in trace file.
       0  internal SQL statements in trace file.
       3  SQL statements in trace file.
       3  unique SQL statements in trace file.
      97  lines in trace file.
     355  elapsed seconds in trace file.