Purpose is Good. Shared Purpose is Better

文章探讨了公司如何从追求单一目的(for)转向建立共享目标(with),强调在社交媒体时代,消费者希望成为品牌目的的一部分,而非简单的受众。通过比较Adidas和Nike,Starbucks和Dunkin Donuts,以及Pepsi和Coca-Cola的使命陈述,作者指出共享目标能增强客户参与感和品牌忠诚度。创造共享目标需要关注如何与顾客共同工作,表达品牌本质,并将商业成功与社会贡献相结合。

https://degreed.com/articles/purpose-is-good--shared-purpose-is-better?d=14823755&view=true&contentSource=Pathway&contentSourceId=1834272

  • Mark Bonchek    MAR 14, 2013

Companies are turning to “purpose” and “authenticity” as a way to engage consumers and employees. But it’s hard enough to find a purpose in life if you’re an individual, let alone an entire company. And being authentic is a bit like being cool — sometimes the harder you try, the less you are.

So what’s a leader to do?

The first step is to recognize that there are different kinds of purpose. Sometimes purpose is about values — who you are and what you stand for. Other times it is about value — what you do and how it benefits others.

The ultimate goal would seem to be having your values and value aligned: have what you do reflect who you are, have what you stand for guide what you make, and have your value to the community enhance your value to customers and shareholders.

This goal is of aligning values and value is espoused by many eminent leaders, from Jim Stengel to Bill George. It’s a core tenet in the field of corporate social responsibility.

But in a social age, this kind of purpose isn’t enough. The problem comes down to a simple preposition. Most leaders think of purpose as a purpose for. But what is needed is a purpose with.

Customers are no longer just consumers; they’re co-creators. They aren’t just passive members of an audience; they are active members of a community. They want to be a part of something; to belong; to influence; to engage. It’s not enough that they feel good about your purpose. They want it to be their purpose too. They don’t want to be at the other end of your for. They want to be right there with you. Purpose needs to be shared.

To understand the power of shared purpose, it’s useful to look at the mission statements of leading companies. To be clear, I’m not equating mission statements with company purpose. But they illustrate the point, and in fact are remarkably representative of the differences between the companies. So with that caveat, let’s look at our first mission statements from Adidas and Nike:

Adidas: The adidas Group strives to be the global leader in the sporting goods industry with brands built on a passion for sports and a sporting lifestyle.

Nike: To bring inspiration and innovation to every athlete* in the world.

*”If you have a body, you are an athlete.”

Notice how you respond to each statement. Which one do you feel more a part of, regardless of whether you are a customer or shareholder? Adidas puts the emphasis on value and values. But Nike goes further, addressing not only people’s interests but their sense of who they are. Adidas is for, while Nike is with.

Let’s look at another example, this time between Starbucks and Dunkin Donuts.

Dunkin Donuts: Make and serve the freshest, most delicious coffee and donuts quickly and courteously in modern, well-merchandised stores.

Starbucks: Our mission: to inspire and nurture the human spirit — one person, one cup and one neighborhood at a time.

Dunkin Donuts’ purpose is clearly for customers, and it delivers on this purpose exceedingly well. But there is something different about Starbucks’ purpose. It is a purpose that is achieved with its customers.

Again, mission statements don’t always reflect a company’s true purpose. But in these cases, I think you would agree that they are fairly accurate representations of the company’s approach to the market, its engagement with customers, and its perception as an “authentic” brand.

The relationship of shared purpose to corporate social responsibility is worth exploring a bit further, this time by comparing Pepsi and Coca-Cola. Under the label “Performance with Purpose,” Pepsi has declared both a mission and a vision.

Mission: Our mission is to be the world’s premier consumer products company focused on convenient foods and beverages.

Vision: PepsiCo’s responsibility is to continually improve all aspects of the world in which we operate — environment, social, economic — creating a better tomorrow than today.

This is a perfect example of a “Values and Value” approach to purpose. The vision covers values, and the mission covers value. But something is missing. There is no shared purpose here. Nothing for people to participate in, belong to, engage with, co-create, or share with others that aligns the commercial side of the business with social responsibility.

By contrast, Coca-Cola has declared as its mission:

To refresh the world…
To inspire moments of optimism and happiness…
To create value and make a difference.

While the third line is a bit generic, the first two lay a stronger foundation for a shared purpose. It is perhaps no coincidence that Nike, Starbucks, and Coca-Cola all feature the word inspiration in their mission statements. You can’t inspire someone without their participation and engagement.

How can you create your own shared purpose? It’s simple, but not easy. The essential question is:

What is the shared purpose that …

a) We and our customers can work on together?
b) Is a natural expression of who we are and what we stand for?
c) Connects how we make money with how we contribute to the world?

When you apply this lens to the brand we have covered here, you can see how Nike, Starbucks, and Coca-Cola pass the test. Nike to inspire the athlete in all of us. Starbucks to nurture the human spirit. And Coca-Cola to refresh the world with moments of optimism and happiness
.
As you formulate your shared purpose, don’t go for what you think it should be. Look for who you already are. How you already connect with your customers. What your fans already say about you.

Remember, this is not something you are going to do to them, or for them, but with them. It’s a journey you will be on together, hopefully for a very long time.

翻译: NAME dhcp6c.conf — DHCPv6 client configuration file SYNOPSIS /etc/wide-dhcpv6/dhcp6c.conf DESCRIPTION The dhcp6c.conf file contains configuration information for KAME's DHCPv6 client, dhcp6c. The configuration file consists of a sequence of statements terminated by a semi-colon (`;'). Statements are composed of tokens separated by white space, which can be any combination of blanks, tabs and newlines. In some cases a set of statements is combined with a pair of brackets, which is regarded as a single token. Lines beginning with ‘#’ are comments. Interface specification There are some statements that may or have to specify interface. Interfaces are specified in the form of "name unit", such as fxp0 and gif1. DHCPv6 options Some configuration statements take the description of a DHCPv6 option as an argument. The followings are the format and description of available DHCPv6 options. domain-name-servers means a Domain Name Server option. domain-name means a domain name option. ntp-servers means an NTP server option. As of this writing, the option type for this option is not officially assigned. dhcp6c will reject this option unless it is explicitly built to accept the option. sip-server-address means a SIP Server address option. sip-server-domain-name means a SIP server domain name option. nis-server-address means a NIS Server address option. nis-domain-name means a NIS domain name option. nisp-server-address means a NIS+ Server address option. nisp-domain-name means a NIS+ domain name option. bcmcs-server-address means a BCMCS Server address option. bcmcs-server-domain-name means a BCMCS server domain name option. ia-pd ID means an IA_PD (Identity Association for Prefix Delegation) option. ID is a decimal number of the IAID (see below about identity associations). ia-na ID means an IA_NA (Identity Association for Non-temporary Addresses) option. ID is a decimal number of the IAID (see below about identity associations). rapid-commit means a rapid-commit option. authentication authname means an authentication option. authname is a string specifying parameters of the authentication protocol. An authentication statement for authname must be provided. Interface statement An interface statement specifies configuration parameters on the interface. The generic format of an interface statement is as follows: interface interface { substatements }; The followings are possible substatements in an interface statement. send send-options ; This statement specifies DHCPv6 options to be sent to the server(s). Some options can only appear in particular messages according to the specification, in which case the appearance of the options is limited to be compliant with the specification. send-options is a comma-separated list of options, each of which should be specified as described above. Multiple send statements can also be specified, in which case all the specified options will be sent. When rapid-commit is specified, dhcp6c will include a rapid-commit option in solicit messages and wait for an immediate reply instead of advertisements. When ia-pd is specified, dhcp6c will initiate prefix delegation as a requesting router by including an IA_PD option with the specified ID in solicit messages. When ia-na is specified, dhcp6c will initiate stateful address assignment by including an IA_NA option with the specified ID in solicit messages. In either case, a corresponding identity association statement must exist with the same ID. request request-options; This statement specifies DHCPv6 options to be included in an option-request option. request-options is a comma-separated list of options, which can consist of the following options. domain-name-servers requests a list of Domain Name Server addresses. domain-name requests a DNS search path. ntp-servers requests a list of NTP server addresses. As of this writing, the option type for this option is not officially assigned. dhcp6c will reject this option unless it is explicitly built to accept the option. sip-server-address requests a list of SIP server addresses. sip-domain-name requests a SIP server domain name. nis-server-address requests a list of NIS server addresses. nis-domain-name requests a NIS domain name. nisp-server-address requests a list of NIS+ server addresses. nisp-domain-name requests a NIS+ domain name. bcmcs-server-address requests a list of BCMCS server addresses. bcmcs-domain-name requests a BCMCS domain name. refreshtime means an information refresh time option. This can only be specified when sent with information-request messages; dhcp6c will ignore this option for other messages. Multiple request statements can also be specified, in which case all the specified options will be requested. information-only; This statement specifies dhcp6c to only exchange informational configuration parameters with servers. A list of DNS server addresses is an example of such parameters. This statement is useful when the client does not need stateful configuration parameters such as IPv6 addresses or prefixes. script "script-name"; This statement specifies a path to script invoked by dhcp6c on a certain condition including when the daemon receives a reply message. script-name must be the absolute path from root to the script file, be a regular file, and be created by the same owner who runs the daemon. Profile statement Some setups may require to configure an interface independently from its name. Profiles are available for this particular purpose. They follow the same syntax as an interface statement except they can be arbitrarily named. It is then possible to choose which profile to use for a given interface on the command line. Identity association statement Identity association (IA) is a key notion of DHCPv6. An IA is uniquely identified in a client by a pair of IA type and IA identifier (IAID). An IA is associated with configuration information dependent on the IA type. An identity association statement defines a single IA with some client-side configuration parameters. Its format is as follows: id-assoc type [ID] { substatements }; type is a string for the type of this IA. The current implementation supports ‘na’ (non-temporary address allocation) ‘pd’ (prefix delegation) for the IA type. ID is a decimal number of IAID. If omitted, the value 0 will be used by default. substatements is a sequence of statements that specifies configuration parameters for this IA. Each statement may or may not be specific to the type of IA. The followings are possible substatements for an IA of type na. address ipv6-address pltime [vltime]; specifies an address and related parameters that the client wants to be allocated. Multiple addresses can be specified, each of which is described as a separate address substatement. dhcp6c will include all the addresses (and related parameters) in Solicit messages, as an IA_NA prefix option encapsulated in the corresponding IA_NA option. Note, however, that the server may or may not respect the specified prefix parameters. For parameters of the address substatement, see dhcp6s.conf(5). The followings are possible substatements for an IA of type pd. prefix_interface_statement specifies the client's local configuration of how delegated prefixes should be used (see below). prefix ipv6-prefix pltime [vltime]; specifies a prefix and related parameters that the client wants to be delegated. Multiple prefixes can be specified, each of which is described as a separate prefix substatement. dhcp6c will include all the prefixes (and related parameters) in Solicit messages, as an IA_PD prefix option encapsulated in the corresponding IA_PD option. Note, however, that the server may or may not respect the specified prefix parameters. For parameters of the prefix substatement, see dhcp6s.conf(5). Prefix interface statement A prefix interface statement specifies configuration parameters of prefixes on local interfaces that are derived from delegated prefixes. A prefix interface statement can only appear as a substatement of an identity association statement with the type pd. The generic format of an interface statement is as follows: prefix-interface interface { substatements }; When an IPv6 prefix is delegated from a DHCPv6 server, dhcp6c will assign a prefix on the interface unless the interface receives the DHCPv6 message that contains the prefix with the delegated prefix and the parameters provided in substatements. Possible substatements are as follows: sla-id ID ; This statement specifies the identifier value of the site-level aggregator (SLA) on the interface. ID must be a decimal integer which fits in the length of SLA IDs (see below). For example, if ID is 1 and the client is delegated an IPv6 prefix 2001:db8:ffff::/48, dhcp6c will combine the two values into a single IPv6 prefix, 2001:db8:ffff:1::/64, and will configure the prefix on the specified interface. sla-len length ; This statement specifies the length of the SLA ID in bits. length must be a decimal number between 0 and 128. If the length is not specified by this statement, the default value 16 will be used. ifid ID ; This statement specifies the interface id. ID must be a decimal integer. It will be combined with the delegated prefix and the sla-id to form a complete interface address. The default is to use the EUI-64 address of the interface. ifid-random; This statement instructs the client to generate a completely random interface id. This will override the ifid statement, if present. The resulting random interface id will be combined with the delegated prefix and the sla-id to form a complete interface address. Authentication statement An authentication statement defines a set of authentication parameters used in DHCPv6 exchanges with the server(s). The format of an authentication statement is as follows: authentication authname { substatements }; authname is a string which is unique among all authentication statements in the configuration file. It will specify a particular set of authentication parameters when authentication option is specified in the interface statement. Possible substatements of the authentication statement are as follows: protocol authprotocol ; specifies the authentication protocol. Currently, the only available protocol as authprotocol is delayed, which means the DHCPv6 delayed authentication protocol. algorithm authalgorithm ; specifies the algorithm for this authentication. Currently, the only available algorithm is HMAC-MD5, which can be specified as one of the followings: hmac-md5, HMAC-MD5, hmacmd5, or HMACMD5. This substatement can be omitted. In this case, HMAC-MD5 will be used as the algorithm. rdm replay-detection-method ; specifies the replay protection method for this authentication. Currently, the only available method is monocounter, which means the use of a monotonically increasing counter. If this method is specified, dhcp6c will use an NTP-format timestamp when it authenticates the message. This substatement can be omitted, in which case monocounter will be used as the method. Keyinfo statement A keyinfo statement defines a secret key shared with the server(s) to authenticate DHCPv6 messages. The format of a keyinfo statement is as follows: keyinfo keyname { substatements }; keyname is an arbitrary string. It does not affect client's behavior but is provided for readability of log messages. Possible substatements of the keyinfo statement are as follows: realm "realmname" ; specifies the DHCP realm. realmname is an arbitrary string, but is typically expected to be a domain name like "kame.net" . keyid ID ; specifies the key identifier, ID, as a decimal number. A secret key is uniquely identified within the client by the DHCP realm and the key identifier. secret "secret-value" ; specifies the shared secret of this key. "secret-value" is a base-64 encoded string of the secret. expire "expiration-time" ; specifies the expiration time of this key. "expiration-time" should be formatted in one of the followings: yyyy-mm-dd HH:MM, mm-dd HH:MM, or HH:MM, where yyyy is the year with century (e.g., 2004), mm is the month, dd is the day of the month, HH is the hour of 24-hour clock, and MM is the minute, each of which is given as a decimal number. Additionally, a special keyword forever can be specified as expiration-time, which means the key has an infinite lifetime and never expires. This substatement can be omitted, in which case forever will be used by default. Examples The followings are a sample configuration to be delegated an IPv6 prefix from an upstream service provider. With this configuration dhcp6c will send solicit messages containing an IA_PD option, with an IAID 0, on to an upstream PPP link, ppp0. After receiving some prefixes from a server, dhcp6c will then configure derived IPv6 prefixes with the SLA ID 1 on a local ethernet interface, ne0. Note that the IAID for the id-assoc statement is 0 according to the default. interface ppp0 { send ia-pd 0; }; id-assoc pd { prefix-interface ne0 { sla-id 1; }; }; If a shared secret should be configured in both the client and the server for DHCPv6 authentication, it would be specified in the configuration file as follows: keyinfo kame-key { realm "kame.net"; keyid 1; secret "5pvW2g48OHPvkYMJSw0vZA=="; }; One easy way of generating a new secret in the base64 format is to execute the openssl(1) command (when available) as follows, % openssl rand -base64 16 and copy the output to the dhcp6c.conf file. To include an authentication option for DHCPv6 authentication, the interface statement should be modified and an authentication statement should be added as follows: interface ppp0 { send ia-pd 0; send authentication kame; }; authentication kame { protocol delayed; }; interface fxp0 { send ia-na 0; };
09-24
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