.globl _start

_start在汇编程序中扮演着类似C语言main函数的角色, 它是程序的入口点。通过使用.globl指令声明_start为全局符号, 链接器能够找到并设置此地址作为程序运行的起点。每个汇编程序都必须定义一个_start符号。

_start和.globl之间有一个空格

.globl指示告诉汇编器,_start这个符号要被链接器用到,所以要在目标文件的符号表中标记它是一个全局符号(在第 5.1 节 “目标文件”详细解释)。_start就像C程序的main函数一样特殊,是整个程序的入口,链接器在链接时会查找目标文件中的_start符号代表的地址,把它设置为整个程序的入口地址,所以每个汇编程序都要提供一个_start符号并且用.globl声明。如果一个符号没有用.globl声明,就表示这个符号不会被链接器用到。  

/* SPDX-License-Identifier: GPL-2.0+ */ /* * (C) Copyright 2015 Angelo Dureghello <angelo@sysam.it> * Based on code from Bernhard Kuhn <bkuhn@metrowerks.com> */ #include <asm-offsets.h> #include <config.h> #include "version.h" #include <asm/cache.h> #define _START _start #define _FAULT _fault .macro SAVE_ALL move.w #0x2700,%sr; /* disable intrs */ subl #60,%sp; /* space for 15 regs */ moveml %d0-%d7/%a0-%a6,%sp@ .endm .macro RESTORE_ALL moveml %sp@,%d0-%d7/%a0-%a6; addl #60,%sp; /* space for 15 regs */ rte .endm /* If we come from a pre-loader we don't need an initial exception * table. */ #if !defined(CONFIG_MONITOR_IS_IN_RAM) .text /* * Vector table. This is used for initial platform startup. * These vectors are to catch any un-intended traps. */ _vectors: /* Flash offset is 0 until we setup CS0 */ .long 0x00000000 #if defined(CONFIG_M5307) && \ (CONFIG_SYS_TEXT_BASE == CONFIG_SYS_INT_FLASH_BASE) .long _start - CONFIG_SYS_TEXT_BASE #else .long _START #endif .long _FAULT, _FAULT, _FAULT, _FAULT, _FAULT, _FAULT, _FAULT, _FAULT .long _FAULT, _FAULT, _FAULT, _FAULT, _FAULT, _FAULT, _FAULT, _FAULT .long _FAULT, _FAULT, _FAULT, _FAULT, _FAULT, _FAULT, _FAULT, _FAULT .long _FAULT, _FAULT, _FAULT, _FAULT, _FAULT, _FAULT, _FAULT, _FAULT .long _FAULT, _FAULT, _FAULT, _FAULT, _FAULT, _FAULT, _FAULT, _FAULT .long _FAULT, _FAULT, _FAULT, _FAULT, _FAULT, _FAULT, _FAULT, _FAULT .long _FAULT, _FAULT, _FAULT, _FAULT, _FAULT, _FAULT, _FAULT, _FAULT .long _FAULT, _FAULT, _FAULT, _FAULT, _FAULT, _FAULT .long _FAULT, _FAULT, _FAULT, _FAULT, _FAULT, _FAULT, _FAULT, _FAULT .long _FAULT, _FAULT, _FAULT, _FAULT, _FAULT, _FAULT, _FAULT, _FAULT .long _FAULT, _FAULT, _FAULT, _FAULT, _FAULT, _FAULT, _FAULT, _FAULT .long _FAULT, _FAULT, _FAULT, _FAULT, _FAULT, _FAULT, _FAULT, _FAULT .long _FAULT, _FAULT, _FAULT, _FAULT, _FAULT, _FAULT, _FAULT, _FAULT .long _FAULT, _FAULT, _FAULT, _FAULT, _FAULT, _FAULT, _FAULT, _FAULT .long _FAULT, _FAULT, _FAULT, _FAULT, _FAULT, _FAULT, _FAULT, _FAULT .long _FAULT, _FAULT, _FAULT, _FAULT, _FAULT, _FAULT, _FAULT, _FAULT .long _FAULT, _FAULT, _FAULT, _FAULT, _FAULT, _FAULT, _FAULT, _FAULT .long _FAULT, _FAULT, _FAULT, _FAULT, _FAULT, _FAULT, _FAULT, _FAULT .long _FAULT, _FAULT, _FAULT, _FAULT, _FAULT, _FAULT, _FAULT, _FAULT .long _FAULT, _FAULT, _FAULT, _FAULT, _FAULT, _FAULT, _FAULT, _FAULT .long _FAULT, _FAULT, _FAULT, _FAULT, _FAULT, _FAULT, _FAULT, _FAULT .long _FAULT, _FAULT, _FAULT, _FAULT, _FAULT, _FAULT, _FAULT, _FAULT .long _FAULT, _FAULT, _FAULT, _FAULT, _FAULT, _FAULT, _FAULT, _FAULT .long _FAULT, _FAULT, _FAULT, _FAULT, _FAULT, _FAULT, _FAULT, _FAULT .long _FAULT, _FAULT, _FAULT, _FAULT, _FAULT, _FAULT, _FAULT, _FAULT .long _FAULT, _FAULT, _FAULT, _FAULT, _FAULT, _FAULT, _FAULT, _FAULT .long _FAULT, _FAULT, _FAULT, _FAULT, _FAULT, _FAULT, _FAULT, _FAULT .long _FAULT, _FAULT, _FAULT, _FAULT, _FAULT, _FAULT, _FAULT, _FAULT .long _FAULT, _FAULT, _FAULT, _FAULT, _FAULT, _FAULT, _FAULT, _FAULT .long _FAULT, _FAULT, _FAULT, _FAULT, _FAULT, _FAULT, _FAULT, _FAULT .long _FAULT, _FAULT, _FAULT, _FAULT, _FAULT, _FAULT, _FAULT, _FAULT .long _FAULT, _FAULT, _FAULT, _FAULT, _FAULT, _FAULT, _FAULT, _FAULT #endif .text .globl _start _start: nop nop move.w #0x2700,%sr /* set MBAR address + valid flag */ move.l #(CONFIG_SYS_MBAR + 1), %d0 move.c %d0, %MBAR move.l #(CONFIG_SYS_INIT_RAM_ADDR + 1), %d0 move.c %d0, %RAMBAR /* DS 4.8.2 (Cache Organization) invalidate and disable cache */ move.l #CF_CACR_CINVA, %d0 movec %d0, %CACR move.l #0, %d0 movec %d0, %ACR0 movec %d0, %ACR1 /* * if we come from a pre-loader we have no exception table and * therefore no VBR to set */ #if !defined(CONFIG_MONITOR_IS_IN_RAM) move.l #CONFIG_SYS_FLASH_BASE, %d0 movec %d0, %VBR #endif /* initialize general use internal ram */ move.l #0, %d0 move.l #(ICACHE_STATUS), %a1 /* icache */ move.l #(DCACHE_STATUS), %a2 /* dcache */ move.l %d0, (%a1) move.l %d0, (%a2) /* put relocation table address to a5 */ move.l #__got_start, %a5 /* setup stack initially on top of internal static ram */ move.l #(CONFIG_SYS_INIT_RAM_ADDR + CONFIG_SYS_INIT_RAM_SIZE), %sp /* * if configured, malloc_f arena will be reserved first, * then (and always) gd struct space will be reserved */ move.l %sp, -(%sp) bsr board_init_f_alloc_reserve /* update stack and frame-pointers */ move.l %d0, %sp move.l %sp, %fp /* initialize reserved area */ move.l %d0, -(%sp) bsr board_init_f_init_reserve /* run low-level CPU init code (from flash) */ bsr cpu_init_f /* run low-level board init code (from flash) */ clr.l %sp@- bsr board_init_f /* board_init_f() does not return */ /******************************************************************************/ /* * void relocate_code(addr_sp, gd, addr_moni) * * This "function" does not return, instead it continues in RAM * after relocating the monitor code. * */ .globl relocate_code relocate_code: link.w %a6,#0 move.l 8(%a6), %sp /* set new stack pointer */ move.l 12(%a6), %d0 /* Save copy of Global Data pointer */ move.l 16(%a6), %a0 /* Save copy of Destination Address */ move.l #CONFIG_SYS_MONITOR_BASE, %a1 move.l #__init_end, %a2 move.l %a0, %a3 /* copy the code to RAM */ 1: move.l (%a1)+, (%a3)+ cmp.l %a1,%a2 bgt.s 1b /* * We are done. Do not return, instead branch to second part of board * initialization, now running from RAM. */ move.l %a0, %a1 add.l #(in_ram - CONFIG_SYS_MONITOR_BASE), %a1 jmp (%a1) in_ram: clear_bss: /* * Now clear BSS segment */ move.l %a0, %a1 add.l #(_sbss - CONFIG_SYS_MONITOR_BASE), %a1 move.l %a0, %d1 add.l #(_ebss - CONFIG_SYS_MONITOR_BASE), %d1 6: clr.l (%a1)+ cmp.l %a1,%d1 bgt.s 6b /* * fix got table in RAM */ move.l %a0, %a1 add.l #(__got_start - CONFIG_SYS_MONITOR_BASE), %a1 /* fix got pointer register a5 */ move.l %a1,%a5 move.l %a0, %a2 add.l #(__got_end - CONFIG_SYS_MONITOR_BASE), %a2 7: move.l (%a1),%d1 sub.l #_start, %d1 add.l %a0,%d1 move.l %d1,(%a1)+ cmp.l %a2, %a1 bne 7b /* calculate relative jump to board_init_r in ram */ move.l %a0, %a1 add.l #(board_init_r - CONFIG_SYS_MONITOR_BASE), %a1 /* set parameters for board_init_r */ move.l %a0,-(%sp) /* dest_addr */ move.l %d0,-(%sp) /* gd */ #if defined(DEBUG) && (CONFIG_SYS_TEXT_BASE!=CONFIG_SYS_INT_FLASH_BASE) && \ defined(CONFIG_SYS_HALT_BEFOR_RAM_JUMP) halt #endif jsr (%a1) /******************************************************************************/ /* exception code */ .globl _fault _fault: bra _fault .globl _exc_handler _exc_handler: SAVE_ALL movel %sp,%sp@- bsr exc_handler addql #4,%sp RESTORE_ALL .globl _int_handler _int_handler: SAVE_ALL movel %sp,%sp@- bsr int_handler addql #4,%sp RESTORE_ALL /******************************************************************************/ .globl version_string version_string: .ascii U_BOOT_VERSION .ascii " (", U_BOOT_DATE, " - ", U_BOOT_TIME, ")" .ascii CONFIG_IDENT_STRING, "\0" .align 4
最新发布
11-11
下面我将给出一段汇编代码,请分析每一行指令的作用,并解释main,p1和p2这三个函数的堆栈变化过程 .file "test.c" .text .section .rodata .LC0: .string "%c\n" .text .globl p1 .type p1, @function p1: .LFB0: .cfi_startproc pushq %rbp .cfi_def_cfa_offset 16 .cfi_offset 6, -16 movq %rsp, %rbp .cfi_def_cfa_register 6 subq $16, %rsp movl %edi, %eax movb %al, -4(%rbp) movsbl -4(%rbp), %eax movl %eax, %esi leaq .LC0(%rip), %rax movq %rax, %rdi movl $0, %eax call printf@PLT nop leave .cfi_def_cfa 7, 8 ret .cfi_endproc .LFE0: .size p1, .-p1 .globl p2 .type p2, @function p2: .LFB1: .cfi_startproc pushq %rbp .cfi_def_cfa_offset 16 .cfi_offset 6, -16 movq %rsp, %rbp .cfi_def_cfa_register 6 movl %edi, -4(%rbp) movl %esi, -8(%rbp) movl -4(%rbp), %edx movl -8(%rbp), %eax addl %edx, %eax popq %rbp .cfi_def_cfa 7, 8 ret .cfi_endproc .LFE1: .size p2, .-p2 .section .rodata .LC1: .string "%d=%d+%d\n" .text .globl main .type main, @function main: .LFB2: .cfi_startproc pushq %rbp .cfi_def_cfa_offset 16 .cfi_offset 6, -16 movq %rsp, %rbp .cfi_def_cfa_register 6 subq $16, %rsp movb $97, -1(%rbp) movl $1, -8(%rbp) movl $2, -12(%rbp) movsbl -1(%rbp), %eax movl %eax, %edi call p1 movl -12(%rbp), %edx movl -8(%rbp), %eax movl %edx, %esi movl %eax, %edi call p2 movl %eax, -16(%rbp) movl -12(%rbp), %ecx movl -8(%rbp), %edx movl -16(%rbp), %eax movl %eax, %esi leaq .LC1(%rip), %rax movq %rax, %rdi movl $0, %eax call printf@PLT movl $0, %eax leave .cfi_def_cfa 7, 8 ret .cfi_endproc .LFE2: .size main, .-main .ident "GCC: (Debian 13.1.0-6) 13.1.0" .section .note.GNU-stack,"",@progbits
09-29
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