Android与服务器端数据交互（基于SOAP协议整合android+webservice）

转自：http://www.open-open.com/bbs/view/1320114015061

通过http协议，采用HttpClient向服务器端action请求数据。当然调用服务器端方法获取数据并不止这一种。WebService也可以为我们提供所需数据，

那么什么是webService呢？，它是一种基于SAOP协议的远程调用标准，通过webservice可以将不同操作系统平台，不同语言，不同技术整合到一起。

我们在PC机器java客户端中，需要一些库，比如XFire,Axis2,CXF等等来支持访问WebService，但是这些库并不适合我们资源有限的android手机客户端，

做过JAVA ME的人都知道有KSOAP这个第三方的类库，可以帮助我们获取服务器端webService调用，当然KSOAP已经提供了基于android版本的 jar包了，

那么我们就开始吧：

首先下载KSOAP包：ksoap2-android-assembly-2.5.2-jar-with-dependencies.jar包

然后新建android项目：并把下载的KSOAP包放在android项目的lib目录下：右键->build path->configure build path--选择Libraries，如图：

以下分为七个步骤来调用WebService方法：

第一：实例化SoapObject 对象，指定webService的命名空间（从相关WSDL文档中可以查看命名空间），以及调用方法名称。如：

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//命名空间 private static final String serviceNameSpace= "http://WebXml.com.cn/" ; //调用方法(获得支持的城市) private static final String getSupportCity= "getSupportCity" ; //实例化SoapObject对象 SoapObject request= new SoapObject(serviceNameSpace, getSupportCity);

第二步：假设方法有参数的话,设置调用方法参数

request.addProperty("参数名称","参数值");

第三步：设置SOAP请求信息(参数部分为SOAP协议版本号，与你要调用的webService中版本号一致):

//获得序列化的Envelope SoapSerializationEnvelope envelope=new SoapSerializationEnvelope(SoapEnvelope.VER11);

envelope.bodyOut=request;

第四步：注册Envelope,

(new MarshalBase64()).register(envelope);

第五步：构建传输对象，并指明WSDL文档URL：

//请求URLprivatestaticfinal String serviceURL="http://www.webxml.com.cn/webservices/weatherwebservice.asmx";

//Android传输对象 AndroidHttpTransport transport=new AndroidHttpTransport(serviceURL); transport.debug=true;

第六步：调用WebService(其中参数为1：命名空间+方法名称，2：Envelope对象):

transport.call(serviceNameSpace+getWeatherbyCityName, envelope);

第七步：解析返回数据：

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if (envelope.getResponse()!= null ){ return parse(envelope.bodyIn.toString()); } /************** * 解析XML * @param str * @return */ private static List<String> parse(String str){ String temp; List<String> list= new ArrayList<String>(); if (str!= null && str.length()> 0 ){ int start=str.indexOf( "string" ); int end=str.lastIndexOf( ";" ); temp=str.substring(start, end- 3 ); String []test=temp.split( ";" ); for ( int i= 0 ;i<test.length;i++){ if (i== 0 ){ temp=test[i].substring( 7 ); } else { temp=test[i].substring( 8 ); } int index=temp.indexOf( "," ); list.add(temp.substring( 0 , index)); } } return list; }

这样就成功啦。那么现在我们就来测试下吧，这里有个地址提供webService天气预报的服务的，我这里只提供获取城市列表：

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//命名空间 private static final String serviceNameSpace= "http://WebXml.com.cn/" ; //请求URL private static final String serviceURL= "http://www.webxml.com.cn/webservices/weatherwebservice.asmx" ; //调用方法(获得支持的城市) private static final String getSupportCity= "getSupportCity" ; //调用城市的方法(需要带参数) private static final String getWeatherbyCityName= "getWeatherbyCityName" ; //调用省或者直辖市的方法(获得支持的省份或直辖市) private static final String getSupportProvince= "getSupportProvince" ;

然后你可以在浏览器中输入地址（WSDL）：serviceURL,你会看到一些可供调用的方法：

我们选择获取国内外主要城市或者省份的方法吧：getSupportProvice,然后调用，你会发现浏览器返回给我们的是xml文档：

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<?xml version= "1.0" encoding= "utf-8" ?> - <ArrayOfString xmlns:xsi= "http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xmlns:xsd= "http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema" xmlns= "http://WebXml.com.cn/" ><br> <string>直辖市</string> <string>特别行政区</string> <string>黑龙江</string> <string>吉林</string> <string>辽宁</string> <string>内蒙古</string> <string>河北</string> <string>河南</string> <string>山东</string> <string>山西</string> <string>江苏</string> <string>安徽</string> <string>陕西</string> <string>宁夏</string> <string>甘肃</string> <string>青海</string> <string>湖北</string> <string>湖南</string> <string>浙江</string> <string>江西</string> <string>福建</string> <string>贵州</string> <string>四川</string> <string>广东</string> <string>广西</string> <string>云南</string> <string>海南</string> <string>新疆</string> <string>西藏</string> <string>台湾</string> <string>亚洲</string> <string>欧洲</string> <string>非洲</string> <string>北美洲</string> <string>南美洲</string> <string>大洋洲</string> </ArrayOfString>

我们可以用 listview来显示：

那么下面我将给出全部代码：

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public class WebServiceHelper { //WSDL文档中的命名空间 private static final String targetNameSpace="http://WebXml.com.cn/"; //WSDL文档中的URL private static final String WSDL="http://webservice.webxml.com.cn/WebServices/WeatherWebService.asmx?wsdl"; //需要调用的方法名(获得本天气预报Web Services支持的洲、国内外省份和城市信息) private static final String getSupportProvince="getSupportProvince"; //需要调用的方法名(获得本天气预报Web Services支持的城市信息,根据省份查询城市集合：带参数) private static final String getSupportCity="getSupportCity"; //根据城市或地区名称查询获得未来三天内天气情况、现在的天气实况、天气和生活指数 private static final String getWeatherbyCityName="getWeatherbyCityName"; /******** * 获得州，国内外省份和城市信息 * @return */ public List<String> getProvince(){ List<String> provinces= new ArrayList<String>(); String str= "" ; SoapObject soapObject= new SoapObject(targetNameSpace,getSupportProvince); //request.addProperty("参数", "参数值");调用的方法参数与参数值（根据具体需要可选可不选） SoapSerializationEnvelope envelope= new SoapSerializationEnvelope(SoapEnvelope.VER11); envelope.dotNet= true ; envelope.setOutputSoapObject(soapObject); //envelope.bodyOut=request; AndroidHttpTransport httpTranstation= new AndroidHttpTransport(WSDL); //或者HttpTransportSE httpTranstation=new HttpTransportSE(WSDL); try { httpTranstation.call(targetNameSpace+getSupportProvince, envelope); SoapObject result=(SoapObject)envelope.getResponse(); //下面对结果进行解析，结构类似json对象 //str=(String) result.getProperty(6).toString(); int count=result.getPropertyCount(); for ( int index= 0 ;index<count;index++){ provinces.add(result.getProperty(index).toString()); } } catch (IOException e) { // TODO Auto-generated catch block e.printStackTrace(); } catch (XmlPullParserException e) { // TODO Auto-generated catch block e.printStackTrace(); } return provinces; } /********** * 根据省份或者直辖市获取天气预报所支持的城市集合 * @param province * @return */ public List<String> getCitys(String province){ List<String> citys= new ArrayList<String>(); SoapObject soapObject= new SoapObject(targetNameSpace,getSupportCity); soapObject.addProperty( "byProvinceName" , province); SoapSerializationEnvelope envelope= new SoapSerializationEnvelope(SoapEnvelope.VER11); envelope.dotNet= true ; envelope.setOutputSoapObject(soapObject); AndroidHttpTransport httpTransport= new AndroidHttpTransport(WSDL); try { httpTransport.call(targetNameSpace+getSupportCity, envelope); SoapObject result=(SoapObject)envelope.getResponse(); int count=result.getPropertyCount(); for ( int index= 0 ;index<count;index++){ citys.add(result.getProperty(index).toString()); } } catch (IOException e) { // TODO Auto-generated catch block e.printStackTrace(); } catch (XmlPullParserException e) { // TODO Auto-generated catch block e.printStackTrace(); } return citys; } /*************************** * 根据城市信息获取天气预报信息 * @param city * @return ***************************/ public WeatherBean getWeatherByCity(String city){ WeatherBean bean= new WeatherBean(); SoapObject soapObject= new SoapObject(targetNameSpace,getWeatherbyCityName); soapObject.addProperty( "theCityName" ,city); //调用的方法参数与参数值（根据具体需要可选可不选） SoapSerializationEnvelope envelope= new SoapSerializationEnvelope(SoapEnvelope.VER11); envelope.dotNet= true ; envelope.setOutputSoapObject(soapObject); //envelope.bodyOut=request; AndroidHttpTransport httpTranstation= new AndroidHttpTransport(WSDL); //或者HttpTransportSE httpTranstation=new HttpTransportSE(WSDL); try { httpTranstation.call(targetNameSpace+getWeatherbyCityName, envelope); SoapObject result=(SoapObject)envelope.getResponse(); //下面对结果进行解析，结构类似json对象 bean=parserWeather(result); } catch (IOException e) { // TODO Auto-generated catch block e.printStackTrace(); } catch (XmlPullParserException e) { // TODO Auto-generated catch block e.printStackTrace(); } return bean; } /** * 解析返回的结果 * @param soapObject */ protected WeatherBean parserWeather(SoapObject soapObject){ WeatherBean bean= new WeatherBean(); List<Map<String,Object>> list= new ArrayList<Map<String,Object>>(); Map<String,Object> map= new HashMap<String,Object>(); //城市名 bean.setCityName(soapObject.getProperty(1).toString()); //城市简介 bean.setCityDescription(soapObject.getProperty(soapObject.getPropertyCount()-1).toString()); //天气实况+建议 bean.setLiveWeather(soapObject.getProperty(10).toString()+"\n"+soapObject.getProperty(11).toString()); //其他数据 //日期， String date=soapObject.getProperty(6).toString(); //--------------------------------------------------- String weatherToday="今天：" + date.split(" ")[0]; weatherToday+= "\n天气：" + date.split( " " )[ 1 ]; weatherToday+= "\n气温：" +soapObject.getProperty( 5 ).toString(); weatherToday+= "\n风力：" +soapObject.getProperty( 7 ).toString(); weatherToday+= "\n" ; List<Integer> icons= new ArrayList<Integer>(); icons.add(parseIcon(soapObject.getProperty( 8 ).toString())); icons.add(parseIcon(soapObject.getProperty( 9 ).toString())); map.put( "weatherDay" , weatherToday); map.put( "icons" ,icons); list.add(map); //------------------------------------------------- map=new HashMap<String,Object>(); date=soapObject.getProperty( 13 ).toString(); String weatherTomorrow= "明天：" + date.split( " " )[ 0 ]; weatherTomorrow+= "\n天气：" + date.split( " " )[ 1 ]; weatherTomorrow+= "\n气温：" +soapObject.getProperty( 12 ).toString(); weatherTomorrow+= "\n风力：" +soapObject.getProperty( 14 ).toString(); weatherTomorrow+= "\n" ; icons= new ArrayList<Integer>(); icons.add(parseIcon(soapObject.getProperty( 15 ).toString())); icons.add(parseIcon(soapObject.getProperty( 16 ).toString())); map.put( "weatherDay" , weatherTomorrow); map.put( "icons" ,icons); list.add(map); //-------------------------------------------------------------- map=new HashMap<String,Object>(); date=soapObject.getProperty( 18 ).toString(); String weatherAfterTomorrow= "后天：" + date.split( " " )[ 0 ]; weatherAfterTomorrow+= "\n天气：" + date.split( " " )[ 1 ]; weatherAfterTomorrow+= "\n气温：" +soapObject.getProperty( 17 ).toString(); weatherAfterTomorrow+= "\n风力：" +soapObject.getProperty( 19 ).toString(); weatherAfterTomorrow+= "\n" ; icons= new ArrayList<Integer>(); icons.add(parseIcon(soapObject.getProperty( 20 ).toString())); icons.add(parseIcon(soapObject.getProperty( 21 ).toString())); map.put( "weatherDay" , weatherAfterTomorrow); map.put( "icons" ,icons); list.add(map); //-------------------------------------------------------------- bean.setList(list); return bean; } //解析图标字符串 private int parseIcon(String data){ // 0.gif，返回名称0, int resID=32; String result=data.substring( 0 , data.length()- 4 ).trim(); // String []icon=data.split("."); // String result=icon[0].trim(); // Log.e("this is the icon", result.trim()); if (!result.equals( "nothing" )){ resID=Integer.parseInt(result.trim()); } return resID; //return ("a_"+data).split(".")[0]; } }

以及帮助类：

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public class WebServiceUtil { //命名空间 private static final String serviceNameSpace="http://WebXml.com.cn/"; //请求URL private static final String serviceURL="http://www.webxml.com.cn/webservices/weatherwebservice.asmx"; //调用方法(获得支持的城市) private static final String getSupportCity="getSupportCity"; //调用城市的方法(需要带参数) private static final String getWeatherbyCityName="getWeatherbyCityName"; //调用省或者直辖市的方法(获得支持的省份或直辖市) private static final String getSupportProvince="getSupportProvince"; /************* * @return城市列表 *************/ public static List<String> getCityList(){ //实例化SoapObject对象 SoapObject request=new SoapObject(serviceNameSpace, getSupportCity); //获得序列化的Envelope SoapSerializationEnvelope envelope=new SoapSerializationEnvelope(SoapEnvelope.VER11); envelope.bodyOut=request; ( new MarshalBase64()).register(envelope); //Android传输对象 AndroidHttpTransport transport=new AndroidHttpTransport(serviceURL); transport.debug= true ; //调用 try { transport.call(serviceNameSpace+getWeatherbyCityName, envelope); if (envelope.getResponse()!= null ){ return parse(envelope.bodyIn.toString()); } } catch (IOException e) { // TODO Auto-generated catch block e.printStackTrace(); } catch (XmlPullParserException e) { // TODO Auto-generated catch block e.printStackTrace(); } return null ; } public static List<String> getProviceList(){ //实例化SoapObject对象 SoapObject request=new SoapObject(serviceNameSpace, getSupportProvince); //获得序列化的Envelope SoapSerializationEnvelope envelope=new SoapSerializationEnvelope(SoapEnvelope.VER11); envelope.bodyOut=request; ( new MarshalBase64()).register(envelope); //Android传输对象 AndroidHttpTransport transport=new AndroidHttpTransport(serviceURL); transport.debug= true ; //调用 try { transport.call(serviceNameSpace+getWeatherbyCityName, envelope); if (envelope.getResponse()!= null ){ return null ; } } catch (IOException e) { // TODO Auto-generated catch block e.printStackTrace(); } catch (XmlPullParserException e) { // TODO Auto-generated catch block e.printStackTrace(); } return null ; } /************* * @param cityName * @return *************/ public static String getWeather(String cityName){ return "" ; } /************** * 解析XML * @param str * @return */ private static List<String> parse(String str){ String temp; List<String> list= new ArrayList<String>(); if (str!= null && str.length()> 0 ){ int start=str.indexOf( "string" ); int end=str.lastIndexOf( ";" ); temp=str.substring(start, end- 3 ); String []test=temp.split( ";" ); for ( int i= 0 ;i<test.length;i++){ if (i== 0 ){ temp=test[i].substring( 7 ); } else { temp=test[i].substring( 8 ); } int index=temp.indexOf( "," ); list.add(temp.substring( 0 , index)); } } return list; } /********* * 获取天气 * @param soapObject */ private void parseWeather(SoapObject soapObject){ //String date=soapObject.getProperty(6); } }

以上就是我所作的查询天气预报的全部核心代码了，读者可以根据注释以及本文章了解下具体实现，相信很快就搞明白了，运行结果如下：