linux命令 locate使用

Centos系统

1、直接使用locate命令，发现如下提示，也就是本地还没有locate数据库，需要创建。

[root@taiwu ~]# locate mysql
locate: can not stat () `/var/lib/mlocate/mlocate.db': 没有那个文件或目录

2、可以先使用yum来更新下mlocate。【yum install mlocate】

[root@taiwu ~]# yum install mlocate
已加载插件：fastestmirror
设置安装进程
Determining fastest mirrors
 * base: mirrors.shu.edu.cn
 * extras: ftp.sjtu.edu.cn
 * updates: ftp.sjtu.edu.cn
base                                                                                                                         | 3.7 kB     00:00     
extras                                                                                                                       | 3.4 kB     00:00     
extras/primary_db                                                                                                            |  30 kB     00:00     
updates                                                                                                                      | 3.4 kB     00:00     
updates/primary_db                                                                                                           | 6.4 MB     00:00     
vz-base                                                                                                                                             |  951 B     00:00     
vz-updates                                                                                                                                          |  951 B     00:00     
解决依赖关系
--> 执行事务检查
---> Package mlocate.x86_64 0:0.22.2-4.el6 will be 升级
---> Package mlocate.x86_64 0:0.22.2-6.el6 will be an update
--> 完成依赖关系计算

依赖关系解决

=============================================================================================================================================================================
 软件包                                   架构                                    版本                                           仓库                                   大小
=============================================================================================================================================================================
正在升级:
 mlocate                                  x86_64                                  0.22.2-6.el6                                   base                                   86 k

事务概要
=============================================================================================================================================================================
Upgrade       1 Package(s)

总下载量：86 k
确定吗？[y/N]：y
下载软件包：
mlocate-0.22.2-6.el6.x86_64.rpm                                                                                                                       |  86 kB     00:00     
运行 rpm_check_debug 
执行事务测试
事务测试成功
执行事务
  正在升级   : mlocate-0.22.2-6.el6.x86_64                                                                                                                               1/2 
  清理       : mlocate-0.22.2-4.el6.x86_64                                                                                                                               2/2 
  Verifying  : mlocate-0.22.2-6.el6.x86_64                                                                                                                               1/2 
  Verifying  : mlocate-0.22.2-4.el6.x86_64                                                                                                                               2/2 

更新完毕:
  mlocate.x86_64 0:0.22.2-6.el6                                                                                                                                              

完毕！

3、再使用如下命令，创建数据库

[root@taiwu ~]# updatedb

4、在使用locate命令就ok了

[root@taiwu ~]# locate php.ini
/home/work/lib/php5.6.7/etc/php.ini
/home/work/lib/php5.6.7_1/etc/php.ini
/root/.cache/neocomplcache/buffer_cache/=+home=+work=+lib=+php5.6.7=+etc=+php.ini
/root/.cache/neocomplcache/keyword_patterns/=+home=+work=+lib=+php5.6.7=+etc=+php.ini

MAC系统

1、在苹果电脑的终端执行如下命令， 显示有locate命令可用

localhost:/ taiwu$ whereis locate
/usr/bin/locate
localhost:/ taiwu$ ls -al /usr/bin/locate
-rwxr-xr-x  1 root  wheel  19328  9 10  2014 /usr/bin/locate

2、执行命令，提示数据库locate.datase还不存在，需要先创建数据库，所以还不能马上使用locate命令

localhost:/ taiwu$ locate mysql

WARNING: The locate database (/var/db/locate.database) does not exist.
To create the database, run the following command:

  sudo launchctl load -w /System/Library/LaunchDaemons/com.apple.locate.plist

Please be aware that the database can take some time to generate; once
the database has been created, this message will no longer appear.

localhost:/ taiwu$ 

3、那就按照提示创建数据库，使用sudo（用root权限），输入密码即可。执行完了再用locate命令还是不行，实际是因为创建这个库要耗费一段时间，还没创建完成呢，多等等。比如再次执行创建数据库操作，会提示进行中...（多等几分钟）

localhost:/ taiwu$ sudo launchctl load -w /System/Library/LaunchDaemons/com.apple.locate.plist
Password:
localhost:/ taiwu$ locate mysql

WARNING: The locate database (/var/db/locate.database) does not exist.
To create the database, run the following command:

  sudo launchctl load -w /System/Library/LaunchDaemons/com.apple.locate.plist

Please be aware that the database can take some time to generate; once
the database has been created, this message will no longer appear.

localhost:/ taiwu$ sudo launchctl load -w /System/Library/LaunchDaemons/com.apple.locate.plist
/System/Library/LaunchDaemons/com.apple.locate.plist: Operation already in progress

4、再用locate命令，就ok了，比如查询php-config的路径

localhost:/ taiwu$ locate php-config
/Applications/Xcode.app/Contents/Developer/Platforms/MacOSX.platform/Developer/SDKs/MacOSX10.11.sdk/usr/bin/php-config
/Applications/Xcode.app/Contents/Developer/Platforms/MacOSX.platform/Developer/SDKs/MacOSX10.11.sdk/usr/share/man/man1/php-config.1
/usr/bin/php-config
/usr/local/Cellar/php53/5.3.29_3/bin/php-config
/usr/local/Cellar/php53/5.3.29_3/share/man/man1/php-config.1
/usr/local/Cellar/php56/5.6.13_2/bin/php-config
/usr/local/Cellar/php56/5.6.13_2/share/man/man1/php-config.1
/usr/local/bin/php-config
/usr/local/share/man/man1/php-config.1
/usr/share/man/man1/php-config.1