如何在springMVC 中对REST服务使用mockmvc 做测试_restassured mock mvc 怎样 mock service-优快云博客

如何在springMVC 中对REST服务使用mockmvc 做测试博客分类： java 基础 springMVCmockMVC单元测试 spring 集成测试中对mock 的集成实在是太棒了！但是使用请注意一下3个条件。 junit 必须使用4.9以上同时您的框架必须是用spring mvc spring 3.2以上才完美支持目前使用spring MVC 取代struts2 的很多，spring MVC 的各种灵活让人无比销魂！所以使用spring MVC吧！以前在对接口（主要是java服务端提供的接口（一般是：webService,restful））进行测试的中一般用以下俩种方法。测试流程如图： 1 直接使用httpClient 这方法各种麻烦 2 使用Spring 提供的RestTemplate 错误不好跟踪，必须开着服务器使用mockMVC都不是问题了看使用实例：使用事例如下：父类 Java代码收藏代码 import org.junit.runner.RunWith; import org.springframework.beans.factory.annotation.Autowired; import org.springframework.test.context.ContextConfiguration; import org.springframework.test.context.junit4.SpringJUnit4ClassRunner; import org.springframework.test.context.web.WebAppConfiguration; import org.springframework.web.context.WebApplicationContext; @WebAppConfiguration @ContextConfiguration(locations = { "classpath:applicationContext.xml", "classpath:xxxx-servlet.xml" }) public class AbstractContextControllerTests { @Autowired protected WebApplicationContext wac; } 子类： import org.junit.Before; import org.junit.Test; import org.junit.runner.RunWith; import org.springframework.beans.factory.annotation.Autowired; import org.springframework.http.MediaType; import org.springframework.test.context.junit4.SpringJUnit4ClassRunner; import org.springframework.test.web.servlet.MockMvc; import org.springframework.test.web.servlet.setup.MockMvcBuilders; import com.conlect.oatos.dto.status.RESTurl; import com.qycloud.oatos.server.service.PersonalDiskService; //这个必须使用junit4.9以上才有。 @RunWith(SpringJUnit4ClassRunner.class) public class PersonalDiskMockTests extends AbstractContextControllerTests { private static String URI = RESTurl.searchPersonalFile; private MockMvc mockMvc; private String json ="{\"entId\":1234,\"userId\":1235,\"key\":\"new\"}"; @Autowired private PersonalDiskService personalDiskService; @Before public void setup() { //this.mockMvc = webAppContextSetup(this.wac).alwaysExpect(status().isOk()).build(); this.mockMvc = MockMvcBuilders.standaloneSetup(personalDiskService).build(); } @Test public void readJson() throws Exception { this.mockMvc.perform( post(URI, "json").characterEncoding("UTF-8") .contentType(MediaType.APPLICATION_JSON) .content(json.getBytes())) .andExpect(content().string("Read from JSON: JavaBean {foo=[bar], fruit=[apple]}") ); } 上面是简单的例子，实际使用起来可以稍做修改。记得导入spring -test jar 包。无需额外配置（是不是很方便！）当然和junit 的assert 一起用的话效果更好。下面贴点例子。copy就能跑。Java代码收藏代码 package com.qycloud.oatos.server.test.mockmvcTest; import static org.junit.Assert.fail; import static org.springframework.test.web.servlet.request.MockMvcRequestBuilders.post; import java.io.UnsupportedEncodingException; import java.lang.reflect.Field; import org.springframework.http.MediaType; import org.springframework.test.web.servlet.MockMvc; import com.conlect.oatos.dto.status.CommConstants; import com.conlect.oatos.dto.status.ErrorType; import com.conlect.oatos.http.PojoMapper; public class MockUtil { /** * mock * * @param uri * @param json * @return * @throws UnsupportedEncodingException * @throws Exception */ public static String mock(MockMvc mvc, String uri, String json) throws UnsupportedEncodingException, Exception { return mvc .perform( post(uri, "json").characterEncoding("UTF-8") .contentType(MediaType.APPLICATION_JSON) .content(json.getBytes())).andReturn() .getResponse().getContentAsString(); } /** * * @param re 返回值 * @param object 要转换的对象 * @param testName 当前测试的对象 */ public static void check(String re, Class object,String testName) { System.out.println(re); if (ErrorType.error500.toString().equals(re)) { System.out.println("-----该接口测试失败：-----" + testName); fail(re); } else if (CommConstants.OK_MARK.toString().equals(re)) { System.out.println("-----该接口测试成功：-----" + testName); }else{ System.out.println("-----re----- :"+re); } if (object != null) { if (re.contains(":")) { try { T t = PojoMapper.fromJsonAsObject(re, object); System.out.println("-----该接口测试成功：-----" + testName); } catch (Exception e) { System.out.println("-----该接口测试失败：-----" + testName); fail(e.getMessage()); } } } } /** * 初始化版本信息。每次调用测试用力之前首先更新版本信息 * @param mockMvc * @param url * @param fileId * @param class1 * @return * @throws UnsupportedEncodingException * @throws Exception */ public static Long updateVersion(MockMvc mockMvc, String url, Long fileId, Class class1) throws UnsupportedEncodingException, Exception { String re = mock(mockMvc, url, fileId+""); T dto = PojoMapper.fromJsonAsObject(re, class1); Long version = Long.parseLong(dto.getClass().getMethod("getVersion").invoke(dto).toString()); System.out.println("version = "+version); return version; } } 使用如下：Java代码收藏代码 @RunWith(SpringJUnit4ClassRunner.class) public class PersonalDiskMockTests extends AbstractContextControllerTests { private MockMvc mockMvc; private static Long entId = 1234L; private static Long adminId = 1235L; @Autowired private PersonalDiskService personalDiskService; @Before public void setup() { this.mockMvc = MockMvcBuilders.standaloneSetup(personalDiskService) .build(); } /*** * pass * 全局搜索企业文件 * * @throws Exception */ @Test public void searchPersonalFile() throws Exception { SearchFileParamDTO sf = new SearchFileParamDTO(); sf.setEntId(entId); sf.setKey("li"); sf.setUserId(adminId); String json = PojoMapper.toJson(sf); String re = MockUtil.mock(this.mockMvc, RESTurl.searchPersonalFile, json); MockUtil.check(re, SearchPersonalFilesDTO.class, "searchPersonalFile"); } ｝当然@setup里面是每个@test执行时都会执行一次的，所以有些需要每次都实例化的参数可以放进来如下：Java代码收藏代码 @Autowired private ShareDiskService shareDiskService; @Before public void setup() { this.mockMvc = MockMvcBuilders.standaloneSetup(shareDiskService) .build(); try { initDatas(); } catch (Exception e) { e.printStackTrace(); } } private void initDatas() throws UnsupportedEncodingException, Exception { FileIdVersion = MockUtil.updateVersion(mockMvc,RESTurl.getShareFileById,FileId,ShareFileDTO.class); File2IdVersion = MockUtil.updateVersion(mockMvc,RESTurl.getShareFileById,File2Id,ShareFileDTO.class); oldPicFolderVersion = MockUtil.updateVersion(mockMvc,RESTurl.getShareFolderById,oldPicFolderId,ShareFolderDTO.class); }