mongodb $unwind 聚合管道

最新推荐文章于 2025-05-21 22:06:01 发布

曹天骄

最新推荐文章于 2025-05-21 22:06:01 发布

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本文详细介绍了 MongoDB 中的 $unwind 操作符，通过实例演示了如何将文档中的数组字段拆分为多个文档，每个文档包含数组的一个元素。这对于数据分析和报表生成特别有用。

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$unwind：将文档中的某一个数组类型字段拆分成多条，每条包含数组中的一个值。
需求：

{
    "_id" : ObjectId("5951c5de567ebff0d5011fba"),
    "name" : "陈晓婵",
    "address" : "北京朝阳区",
    "weekday" : [ 
        1, 
        2, 
        3, 
        4, 
        5
    ]
}

对weekday进行拆分:

db.getCollection('chenxiaochantest').aggregate(
 [
  {
     $unwind:"$weekday"
  }
 ]
)

拆分结果:

/* 1 */
{
    "_id" : ObjectId("5951c5de567ebff0d5011fba"),
    "name" : "陈晓婵",
    "address" : "北京朝阳区",
    "weekday" : 1
}
 
/* 2 */
{
    "_id" : ObjectId("5951c5de567ebff0d5011fba"),
    "name" : "陈晓婵",
    "address" : "北京朝阳区",
    "weekday" : 2
}
 
/* 3 */
{
    "_id" : ObjectId("5951c5de567ebff0d5011fba"),
    "name" : "陈晓婵",
    "address" : "北京朝阳区",
    "weekday" : 3
}
 
/* 4 */
{
    "_id" : ObjectId("5951c5de567ebff0d5011fba"),
    "name" : "陈晓婵",
    "address" : "北京朝阳区",
    "weekday" : 4
}
 
/* 5 */
{
    "_id" : ObjectId("5951c5de567ebff0d5011fba"),
    "name" : "陈晓婵",
    "address" : "北京朝阳区",
    "weekday" : 5
}

使用$unwind可以将weekday中的每个数据都被分解成一个文档,并且除了weekday的值不同外,其他的值都是相同的.

实例讲解:

{
    "_id" : ObjectId("5951ca15567ebff0d5011fbb"),
    "name" : "陈晓婵",
    "address" : "北京朝阳",
    "lunch" : [ 
        {
            "food" : "baozi",
            "fruit" : "taozi"
        }, 
        {
            "food" : "miaotiao",
            "fruit" : "xigua"
        }
    ]
}

对lunch进行拆分:

db.getCollection('chenxiaochantest2').aggregate(
  [
    {
       $unwind:"$lunch"
    }
  ]
)

拆封结果:

/* 1 */
{
    "_id" : ObjectId("5951ca15567ebff0d5011fbb"),
    "name" : "陈晓婵",
    "address" : "北京朝阳",
    "lunch" : {
        "food" : "baozi",
        "fruit" : "taozi"
    }
}
 
/* 2 */
{
    "_id" : ObjectId("5951ca15567ebff0d5011fbb"),
    "name" : "陈晓婵",
    "address" : "北京朝阳",
    "lunch" : {
        "food" : "miaotiao",
        "fruit" : "xigua"
    }
}