前面分析了bean解析的过程,知道了bean都是以beandefinition的形式放在bean factory里面的。下面来看一下bean具体的获取过程。
Spring 提供了一个获取bean的工具方法:
WebApplicationContextUtils.getRequiredWebApplicationContext(ServletContext sc).getBean(String beanName);
OK,稍微追踪了一下代码,发现着落在了AbstraceBeanFactory下面:
public Object getBean(String name) throws BeansException {
return doGetBean(name, null, null, false);
}
private <T> T doGetBean(
final String name, final Class<T> requiredType, final Object[] args, boolean typeCheckOnly)
throws BeansException {
final String beanName = transformedBeanName(name);
Object bean;
// Eagerly check singleton cache for manually registered singletons.
Object sharedInstance = getSingleton(beanName);
if (sharedInstance != null && args == null) {
if (logger.isDebugEnabled()) {
if (isSingletonCurrentlyInCreation(beanName)) {
logger.debug("Returning eagerly cached instance of singleton bean '" + beanName +
"' that is not fully initialized yet - a consequence of a circular reference");
}
else {
logger.debug("Returning cached instance of singleton bean '" + beanName + "'");
}
}
bean = getObjectForBeanInstance(sharedInstance, name, beanName, null);
}
else {
// Fail if we're already creating this bean instance:
// We're assumably within a circular reference.
if (isPrototypeCurrentlyInCreation(beanName)) {
throw new BeanCurrentlyInCreationException(beanName);
}
// Check if bean definition exists in this factory.
BeanFactory parentBeanFactory = getParentBeanFactory();
if (parentBeanFactory != null && !containsBeanDefinition(beanName)) {
// Not found -> check parent.
String nameToLookup = originalBeanName(name);
if (args != null) {
// Delegation to parent with explicit args.
return (T) parentBeanFactory.getBean(nameToLookup, args);
}
else {
// No args -> delegate to standard getBean method.
return parentBeanFactory.getBean(nameToLookup, requiredType);
}
}
if (!typeCheckOnly) {
markBeanAsCreated(beanName);
}
final RootBeanDefinition mbd = getMergedLocalBeanDefinition(beanName);
checkMergedBeanDefinition(mbd, beanName, args);
// Guarantee initialization of beans that the current bean depends on.
String[] dependsOn = mbd.getDependsOn();
if (dependsOn != null) {
for (String dependsOnBean : dependsOn) {
getBean(dependsOnBean);
registerDependentBean(dependsOnBean, beanName);
}
}
// Create bean instance.
if (mbd.isSingleton()) {
sharedInstance = getSingleton(beanName, new ObjectFactory() {
public Object getObject() throws BeansException {
try {
return createBean(beanName, mbd, args);
}
catch (BeansException ex) {
// Explicitly remove instance from singleton cache: It might have been put there
// eagerly by the creation process, to allow for circular reference resolution.
// Also remove any beans that received a temporary reference to the bean.
destroySingleton(beanName);
throw ex;
}
}
});
bean = getObjectForBeanInstance(sharedInstance, name, beanName, mbd);
}
else if (mbd.isPrototype()) {
// It's a prototype -> create a new instance.
Object prototypeInstance = null;
try {
beforePrototypeCreation(beanName);
prototypeInstance = createBean(beanName, mbd, args);
}
finally {
afterPrototypeCreation(beanName);
}
bean = getObjectForBeanInstance(prototypeInstance, name, beanName, mbd);
}
else {
String scopeName = mbd.getScope();
final Scope scope = this.scopes.get(scopeName);
if (scope == null) {
throw new IllegalStateException("No Scope registered for scope '" + scopeName + "'");
}
try {
Object scopedInstance = scope.get(beanName, new ObjectFactory() {
public Object getObject() throws BeansException {
beforePrototypeCreation(beanName);
try {
return createBean(beanName, mbd, args);
}
finally {
afterPrototypeCreation(beanName);
}
}
});
bean = getObjectForBeanInstance(scopedInstance, name, beanName, mbd);
}
catch (IllegalStateException ex) {
throw new BeanCreationException(beanName,
"Scope '" + scopeName + "' is not active for the current thread; " +
"consider defining a scoped proxy for this bean if you intend to refer to it from a singleton",
ex);
}
}
}
// Check if required type matches the type of the actual bean instance.
if (requiredType != null && bean != null && !requiredType.isAssignableFrom(bean.getClass())) {
throw new BeanNotOfRequiredTypeException(name, requiredType, bean.getClass());
}
return (T) bean;
}
doGetBean....呃,好长的方法。慢慢研究一下。
Object sharedInstance = getSingleton(beanName);
这个方法首先去已经缓存了的Singleton里面寻找,如果没有,就到手工注入的singleton缓存里面寻找,如果没有,
再到缓存的FactoryBean类型的singleton里面寻找,如果还没有...继续doGetBean里面的下一步。
接下来如果当前beanfactory有parent,就到parentBeanFactory里面寻找,如果找不到,继续...
接下来就是获取spring里面当初解析出来的bean模板:RootBeanDefinition。然后
在当前factory下面注册一下依赖关系,下面就到了关键的步骤了,根据bean是singleton还是Prototype或者其他什么scope类型来分别定义bean的获取过程。下面以singleton为例来进行分析。
注意一下代码:
if (mbd.isSingleton()) {
sharedInstance = getSingleton(beanName, new ObjectFactory() {
public Object getObject() throws BeansException {
try {
return createBean(beanName, mbd, args);
}
catch (BeansException ex) {
// Explicitly remove instance from singleton cache: It might have been put there
// eagerly by the creation process, to allow for circular reference resolution.
// Also remove any beans that received a temporary reference to the bean.
destroySingleton(beanName);
throw ex;
}
}
});
bean = getObjectForBeanInstance(sharedInstance, name, beanName, mbd);
}
可见bean的生成委托给了createBean(name,mdb,args)方法。
这个方法的实现是在子类AbstractAutowireCapableBeanFactory里面。
protected Object createBean(final String beanName, final RootBeanDefinition mbd, final Object[] args)
throws BeanCreationException {
if (logger.isDebugEnabled()) {
logger.debug("Creating instance of bean '" + beanName + "'");
}
// Make sure bean class is actually resolved at this point.
resolveBeanClass(mbd, beanName);
// Prepare method overrides.
try {
mbd.prepareMethodOverrides();
}
catch (BeanDefinitionValidationException ex) {
throw new BeanDefinitionStoreException(mbd.getResourceDescription(),
beanName, "Validation of method overrides failed", ex);
}
try {
// Give BeanPostProcessors a chance to return a proxy instead of the target bean instance.
Object bean = resolveBeforeInstantiation(beanName, mbd);
if (bean != null) {
return bean;
}
}
catch (Throwable ex) {
throw new BeanCreationException(mbd.getResourceDescription(), beanName,
"BeanPostProcessor before instantiation of bean failed", ex);
}
Object beanInstance = doCreateBean(beanName, mbd, args);
if (logger.isDebugEnabled()) {
logger.debug("Finished creating instance of bean '" + beanName + "'");
}
return beanInstance;
}
从上面的代码可以看出,先调用了resolveBeforeInstantiation方法。如果返回一个非空对象,那么就直接返回这个对象。 于是分析一下这个方法:
protected Object resolveBeforeInstantiation(String beanName, RootBeanDefinition mbd) {
Object bean = null;
if (!Boolean.FALSE.equals(mbd.beforeInstantiationResolved)) {
// Make sure bean class is actually resolved at this point.
if (mbd.hasBeanClass() && !mbd.isSynthetic() && hasInstantiationAwareBeanPostProcessors()) {
bean = applyBeanPostProcessorsBeforeInstantiation(mbd.getBeanClass(), beanName);
if (bean != null) {
bean = applyBeanPostProcessorsAfterInitialization(bean, beanName);
}
}
mbd.beforeInstantiationResolved = (bean != null);
}
return bean;
}
是不是似曾相识哪?那就对了 ! Aop的实现的核心啊,回想一下AbstractAutoProxyCreator,就是实现了InstantiationAwareBeanPostProcessor接口。从AbstractAutoProxyCreator的postProcessBeforeInstantiation代码可以很容易的看出,如果bean需要代理,那么返回一个代理类,否则返回Null.
结合当前代码,那就是如果产生了代理类,那么试着调用beanpostprocessors的postProcessAfterInitialization方法,然后返回这个代理类。从这里也可以看出,如果被代理的类定义了postProcessBeforeInitialization,init等方法,将根本没有调用的机会! 所以被代理类在实现BeanPostProcessor,InitilizingBean等接口时要非常小心。否则可能发现有些方法根本没有回调。
当然了,不一定非要产生代理类,也有可能有其他的实现了InstantiationAwareBeanPostProcessor接口的类也返回非空,这里就不详细分析。我大致看了一下,至少我看的几个实现了InstantiationAwareBeanPostProcessor接口的类是返回null的,除了AbstractAutoProxyCreator.
下面继续。如果调用InstantiationAwareBeanPostProcessor后依然返回Null,那么就继续下面的步骤,也就是激动人心的bean的instantiation过程了!这里是调用了doCreateBean(beanName, mbd, args)方法:
protected Object doCreateBean(final String beanName, final RootBeanDefinition mbd, final Object[] args) {
// Instantiate the bean.
BeanWrapper instanceWrapper = null;
if (mbd.isSingleton()) {
instanceWrapper = this.factoryBeanInstanceCache.remove(beanName);
}
if (instanceWrapper == null) {
instanceWrapper = createBeanInstance(beanName, mbd, args);
}
final Object bean = (instanceWrapper != null ? instanceWrapper.getWrappedInstance() : null);
Class beanType = (instanceWrapper != null ? instanceWrapper.getWrappedClass() : null);
// Allow post-processors to modify the merged bean definition.
synchronized (mbd.postProcessingLock) {
if (!mbd.postProcessed) {
applyMergedBeanDefinitionPostProcessors(mbd, beanType, beanName);
mbd.postProcessed = true;
}
}
// Eagerly cache singletons to be able to resolve circular references
// even when triggered by lifecycle interfaces like BeanFactoryAware.
boolean earlySingletonExposure = (mbd.isSingleton() && this.allowCircularReferences &&
isSingletonCurrentlyInCreation(beanName));
if (earlySingletonExposure) {
if (logger.isDebugEnabled()) {
logger.debug("Eagerly caching bean '" + beanName +
"' to allow for resolving potential circular references");
}
addSingletonFactory(beanName, new ObjectFactory() {
public Object getObject() throws BeansException {
return getEarlyBeanReference(beanName, mbd, bean);
}
});
}
// Initialize the bean instance.
Object exposedObject = bean;
try {
populateBean(beanName, mbd, instanceWrapper);
if (exposedObject != null) {
exposedObject = initializeBean(beanName, exposedObject, mbd);
}
}
catch (Throwable ex) {
if (ex instanceof BeanCreationException && beanName.equals(((BeanCreationException) ex).getBeanName())) {
throw (BeanCreationException) ex;
}
else {
throw new BeanCreationException(mbd.getResourceDescription(), beanName, "Initialization of bean failed", ex);
}
}
if (earlySingletonExposure) {
Object earlySingletonReference = getSingleton(beanName, false);
if (earlySingletonReference != null) {
if (exposedObject == bean) {
exposedObject = earlySingletonReference;
}
else if (!this.allowRawInjectionDespiteWrapping && hasDependentBean(beanName)) {
String[] dependentBeans = getDependentBeans(beanName);
Set<String> actualDependentBeans = new LinkedHashSet<String>(dependentBeans.length);
for (String dependentBean : dependentBeans) {
if (!removeSingletonIfCreatedForTypeCheckOnly(dependentBean)) {
actualDependentBeans.add(dependentBean);
}
}
if (!actualDependentBeans.isEmpty()) {
throw new BeanCurrentlyInCreationException(beanName,
"Bean with name '" + beanName + "' has been injected into other beans [" +
StringUtils.collectionToCommaDelimitedString(actualDependentBeans) +
"] in its raw version as part of a circular reference, but has eventually been " +
"wrapped. This means that said other beans do not use the final version of the " +
"bean. This is often the result of over-eager type matching - consider using " +
"'getBeanNamesOfType' with the 'allowEagerInit' flag turned off, for example.");
}
}
}
}
// Register bean as disposable.
try {
registerDisposableBeanIfNecessary(beanName, bean, mbd);
}
catch (BeanDefinitionValidationException ex) {
throw new BeanCreationException(mbd.getResourceDescription(), beanName, "Invalid destruction signature", ex);
}
return exposedObject;
}
汗~又是一个长方法。慢慢分析。
这个方法大致分为这么几步:
1. 产生一个beanwrapper.
2. 调用实现了MergedBeanDefinitionPostProcessors接口的类
3. populateBean
4. 初始化bean
5. 注册产生的bean
下面分别就前几个步骤进行分析。
1. 产生beanwrapper
protected BeanWrapper createBeanInstance(String beanName, RootBeanDefinition mbd, Object[] args) {
// Make sure bean class is actually resolved at this point.
Class beanClass = resolveBeanClass(mbd, beanName);
if (beanClass != null && !Modifier.isPublic(beanClass.getModifiers()) && !mbd.isNonPublicAccessAllowed()) {
throw new BeanCreationException(mbd.getResourceDescription(), beanName,
"Bean class isn't public, and non-public access not allowed: " + beanClass.getName());
}
if (mbd.getFactoryMethodName() != null) {
return instantiateUsingFactoryMethod(beanName, mbd, args);
}
// Shortcut when re-creating the same bean...
if (mbd.resolvedConstructorOrFactoryMethod != null && args == null) {
if (mbd.constructorArgumentsResolved) {
return autowireConstructor(beanName, mbd, null, null);
}
else {
return instantiateBean(beanName, mbd);
}
}
// Need to determine the constructor...
Constructor[] ctors = determineConstructorsFromBeanPostProcessors(beanClass, beanName);
if (ctors != null ||
mbd.getResolvedAutowireMode() == RootBeanDefinition.AUTOWIRE_CONSTRUCTOR ||
mbd.hasConstructorArgumentValues() || !ObjectUtils.isEmpty(args)) {
return autowireConstructor(beanName, mbd, ctors, args);
}
// No special handling: simply use no-arg constructor.
return instantiateBean(beanName, mbd);
}
在这里可以看出,如果为bean定义了factoryMehtod或者constructor,那么将分别根据factoryMethod或construcgtor完成bean的初始化。否则调用如下方法:
protected BeanWrapper instantiateBean(final String beanName, final RootBeanDefinition mbd) {
try {
Object beanInstance;
final BeanFactory parent = this;
if (System.getSecurityManager() != null) {
beanInstance = AccessController.doPrivileged(new PrivilegedAction<Object>() {
public Object run() {
return getInstantiationStrategy().instantiate(mbd, beanName, parent);
}
}, getAccessControlContext());
}
else {
beanInstance = getInstantiationStrategy().instantiate(mbd, beanName, parent);
}
BeanWrapper bw = new BeanWrapperImpl(beanInstance);
initBeanWrapper(bw);
return bw;
}
catch (Throwable ex) {
throw new BeanCreationException(mbd.getResourceDescription(), beanName, "Instantiation of bean failed", ex);
}
}
这里有一个InstantiationStrategy接口,这个接口定了bean初始化的策略。比如在
当前类AbstractAutowireCapableBeanFactory下面一开始就定义了一个变量:
private InstantiationStrategy instantiationStrategy = new CglibSubclassingInstantiationStrategy();
可见,默认的初始化策略是CglibSubclassingInstantiationStrategy。
这个策略的特殊之处就在于如果bean需要有method injection,那么就通过cglib代理的方式产生原本的bean class的一个子类从而实现method override.
OK,至此BeanWrapper的生成基本清晰了。
下面就是实现了MergedBeanDefinitionPostProcessors的类的调用了。这个接口的具体意思我还不是很清楚。稍后研究一下补全。
然后就是populateBean. 这个方法就是把BeanDefinition里面维护的bean的属性populate到beanwrapper里面。
接下来就是bean的初始化:
if (exposedObject != null) {
exposedObject = initializeBean(beanName, exposedObject, mbd);
了解bean的初始化流程还是蛮有意义的:
protected Object initializeBean(final String beanName, final Object bean, RootBeanDefinition mbd) {
if (System.getSecurityManager() != null) {
AccessController.doPrivileged(new PrivilegedAction<Object>() {
public Object run() {
invokeAwareMethods(beanName, bean);
return null;
}
}, getAccessControlContext());
}
else {
invokeAwareMethods(beanName, bean);
}
Object wrappedBean = bean;
if (mbd == null || !mbd.isSynthetic()) {
wrappedBean = applyBeanPostProcessorsBeforeInitialization(wrappedBean, beanName);
}
try {
invokeInitMethods(beanName, wrappedBean, mbd);
}
catch (Throwable ex) {
throw new BeanCreationException(
(mbd != null ? mbd.getResourceDescription() : null),
beanName, "Invocation of init method failed", ex);
}
if (mbd == null || !mbd.isSynthetic()) {
wrappedBean = applyBeanPostProcessorsAfterInitialization(wrappedBean, beanName);
}
return wrappedBean;
}
可见初始化顺序是: XXAware接口的实现->postProcessBeforeInitialization->InitializingBean的afterPropertiesSet-> custom Init方法->postProcessAfterInitialization
OK.这就是bean初始化的顺序啦!
最后当然就是bean的注册了!
protected void registerDisposableBeanIfNecessary(String beanName, Object bean, RootBeanDefinition mbd) {
AccessControlContext acc = (System.getSecurityManager() != null ? getAccessControlContext() : null);
if (!mbd.isPrototype() && requiresDestruction(bean, mbd)) {
if (mbd.isSingleton()) {
// Register a DisposableBean implementation that performs all destruction
// work for the given bean: DestructionAwareBeanPostProcessors,
// DisposableBean interface, custom destroy method.
registerDisposableBean(beanName,
new DisposableBeanAdapter(bean, beanName, mbd, getBeanPostProcessors(), acc));
}
else {
// A bean with a custom scope...
Scope scope = this.scopes.get(mbd.getScope());
if (scope == null) {
throw new IllegalStateException("No Scope registered for scope '" + mbd.getScope() + "'");
}
scope.registerDestructionCallback(beanName,
new DisposableBeanAdapter(bean, beanName, mbd, getBeanPostProcessors(), acc));
}
}
}
这里面涉及到了bean以及与scope相关的生命周期的管理,需要单独分析一下。下篇文章再分析。