Explain the security features in Oracle.

本文介绍了Oracle数据库中如何通过角色和用户账户实现数据抽象与访问控制。详细解释了角色的创建、授权与撤销流程,并说明了用户账户的概念及其在数据库管理中的作用。

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Data abstraction has been achieved in Oracle by separating the client and the server side logic. Therefore the client applications cannot manipulate the data. The triggers perform content based auditing and selectively disable application updates.

Access control can be achieved in Oracle by allowing the users to manipulate the data by using only their definer’s permitted previledges.

 

What are roles? How can we implement roles?

Roles in oracle restrict access to the different database objects. They are most useful when there are many database users. Once a role is created it can be granted to a user.

Example:
Create a role:-
Create role select_data;
Grant select on student. Employee, salary to select_data
Grant to a user:
Grant select_data TO John;
Revoke a role:-
Revoke select_date FROM John;

 

What is user Account in Oracle database?

A user account is given to a user for accessing the database. This user account is used to manage the database. Each account is also given privileges in order to restrict access

 

 

### Oracle 19c ONS Service Disconnect Troubleshooting and Solutions For addressing the issue of an Oracle Notification Service (ONS) disconnection in Oracle 19c, several approaches can be taken to diagnose and resolve this problem. #### Verify Network Configuration Ensure that network configurations are correctly set up between nodes. This includes checking firewall settings as well as ensuring there is no network congestion or packet loss which could affect communication[^1]. #### Review Logs for Errors Examine logs such as `qopatch_log.log` located within the Oracle home directory where operations related to patching and configuration changes are recorded. Look specifically at entries around times when disconnections occur; these may provide clues about what caused them[^2]. ```bash cat /path/to/qopatch_log.log | grep 'ERROR' ``` #### Check Listener Status Confirm whether listeners on all involved databases are running properly by using commands like: ```sql lsnrctl status LISTENER_NAME ``` This command checks if the listener associated with a specific database instance is active and listening on expected ports without issues preventing connections from being established successfully. #### Validate Environment Variables Make sure environment variables including ORACLE_HOME, PATH, TNS_ADMIN among others point towards correct locations containing necessary binaries and configuration files required for proper functioning of services including ONS. #### Restart Services If after performing above steps problems persist consider restarting both sides' ONS daemons along with any dependent components they interact closely with during operation timeframes experiencing instability events reported earlier through logging mechanisms mentioned previously. --related questions-- 1. How does one configure firewalls appropriately for optimal performance while maintaining security? 2. What tools exist outside standard log analysis methods that might aid in diagnosing connectivity issues more effectively? 3. Can you explain how setting certain environment variables impacts various aspects of Oracle Database functionality beyond just enabling features? 4. Is it possible to automate parts of the troubleshooting process via scripts or other means? If so, what would those look like syntactically speaking? 5. Under what circumstances should entire systems rather than isolated processes undergo restarts due to potential underlying causes not immediately apparent upon initial investigation efforts made thus far?
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