random

random.random() -------取浮点数x，0<=x<1

In [36]: random.random()
Out[36]: 0.209811164981883

In [37]: random.random()
Out[37]: 0.9981253745428653

In [38]: random.random()
Out[38]: 0.39113223675599473

random.uniform(m, n) -------随机取m，n之间的一个浮点数

In [32]: random.uniform(1,16)
Out[32]: 4.533626984561771

In [33]: random.uniform(1,16)
Out[33]: 3.5939169683636027

In [34]: random.uniform(1,16)
Out[34]: 15.325472947860392

In [35]: random.uniform(1,16)
Out[35]: 3.8072594689735593

random.randint()  -------随机取m，n之间的一个整数

In [42]: random.randint(1, 16)
Out[42]: 10

In [43]: random.randint(1, 16)
Out[43]: 14

In [44]: random.randint(1, 16)
Out[44]: 5

random.choice()   -------序列中取一个随机值

In [65]: random.choice([i for i in range(1, 16)])
Out[65]: 8

In [66]: random.choice([i for i in range(1, 16)])
Out[66]: 4

random.shuffle()   -------随机打乱序列

In [82]: list = [i for i in range(1, 16)]

In [83]: list
Out[83]: [1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8, 9, 10, 11, 12, 13, 14, 15]

In [84]: random.shuffle(list)

In [85]: list
Out[85]: [8, 7, 5, 4, 2, 11, 13, 1, 6, 15, 14, 3, 12, 9, 10]

random.sample()  -------不改变原序列，随机取n个值

In [87]: random.sample(list, 4)
Out[87]: [7, 3, 9, 15]

In [88]: random.sample(list, 5)
Out[88]: [1, 3, 11, 5, 15]