python调用讯飞语音听写（流式版）

一、引入所需要的包

import hashlib
import base64
import hmac
import json
from urllib.parse import urlencode
import logging

from wsgiref.handlers import format_date_time
import datetime
from datetime import datetime
import time
from time import mktime
import _thread as thread
import pyaudio

from ws4py.client.threadedclient import WebSocketClient

logging.basicConfig(format='%(asctime)s - %(name)s - %(levelname)s - %(message)s', level=logging.INFO)

二、定义相关常量

STATUS_FIRST_FRAME = 0  # 第一帧的标识
STATUS_CONTINUE_FRAME = 1  # 中间帧标识
STATUS_LAST_FRAME = 2  # 最后一帧的标识

CHUNK = 1024
FORMAT = pyaudio.paInt16
CHANNELS = 1
RATE = 16000

三、生成请求url

class WsParam(object):
    # 初始化
    def __init__(self, APPId, APIKey, APISecret, AudioFile):
        self.APPId = APPId
        self.APIKey = APIKey
        self.APISecret = APISecret
        self.AudioFile = AudioFile

        # 公共参数(common)
        self.CommonArgs = {
            'app_id': self.APPId
        }
        # 业务参数(business)，更多个性化参数可在官网查看
        self.BusinessArgs = {
            'domain': 'iat',
            'language': 'zh_cn',
            'accent': 'mandarin',
            'vinfo': 1,
            'vad_eos': 10000,
            'dwa': 'wpgs',
            'ptt': 0
        }

    # 生成url
    def create_url(self):
        url = 'wss://ws-api.xfyun.cn/v2/iat'
        # 生成RFC1123格式的时间戳
        now = datetime.now()
        date = format_date_time(mktime(now.timetuple()))

        # 拼接字符串
        signature_origin = 'host: ' + 'ws-api.xfyun.cn' + '\n'
        signature_origin += 'date: ' + date + '\n'
        signature_origin += 'GET ' + '/v2/iat ' + 'HTTP/1.1'
        # 进行hmac-sha256进行加密
        signature_sha = hmac.new(self.APISecret.encode('utf-8'), signature_origin.encode('utf-8'),
                                 digestmod=hashlib.sha256).digest()
        signature_sha = base64.b64encode(signature_sha).decode(encoding='utf-8')

        authorization_origin = 'api_key="%s", algorithm="%s", headers="%s", signature="%s"' % (
            self.APIKey, 'hmac-sha256', 'host date request-line', signature_sha)
        authorization = base64.b64encode(authorization_origin.encode('utf-8')).decode(encoding='utf-8')
        # 将请求的鉴权参数组合为字典
        v = {
            'authorization': authorization,
            'date': date,
            'host': 'ws-api.xfyun.cn'
        }
        # 拼接鉴权参数，生成url
        url = url + '?' + urlencode(v)
        # print('date: ',date)
        # print('v: ',v)
        # 此处打印出建立连接时候的url,参考本demo的时候可取消上方打印的注释，比对相同参数时生成的url与自己代码生成的url是否一致
        # print('websocket url :', url)
        return url

四、音频相关

1. 首先使用pyaudio获取音频流

audio = pyaudio.PyAudio()
stream = audio.open(format=FORMAT,
                    channels=CHANNELS,
                    rate=RATE,
                    input=True)

2. 从音频流中获取音频并上传到接口

while True:
    buf = stream.read()
    d = {'common': self.ws_param.CommonArgs,
     'business': self.ws_param.BusinessArgs,
     'data': {'status': 0, 'format': 'audio/L16;rate=16000',
              'audio': str(base64.b64encode(buf), 'utf-8'),
              'encoding': 'raw'}}
     d = json.dumps(d)
     self.send(d)

五、语音识别接口调用

# 收到websocket连接建立的处理
def opened(self):
    def run(*args):
        interval = 0.04  # 发送音频间隔(单位:s)
        status = STATUS_FIRST_FRAME  # 音频的状态信息，标识音频是第一帧，还是中间帧、最后一帧
        audio = pyaudio.PyAudio()
        stream = audio.open(format=FORMAT,
                            channels=CHANNELS,
                            rate=RATE,
                            input=True)

        while True:
            buf = stream.read(CHUNK)
            # 第一帧处理
            # 发送第一帧音频，带business 参数
            # appid 必须带上，只需第一帧发送
            if status == STATUS_FIRST_FRAME:
                d = {'common': self.ws_param.CommonArgs,
                     'business': self.ws_param.BusinessArgs,
                     'data': {'status': 0, 'format': 'audio/L16;rate=16000',
                              'audio': str(base64.b64encode(buf), 'utf-8'),
                              'encoding': 'raw'}}
                d = json.dumps(d)
                self.send(d)
                status = STATUS_CONTINUE_FRAME
            # 中间帧处理
            elif status == STATUS_CONTINUE_FRAME:
                d = {'data': {'status': 1, 'format': 'audio/L16;rate=16000',
                              'audio': str(base64.b64encode(buf), 'utf-8'),
                              'encoding': 'raw'}}
                self.send(json.dumps(d))
            # 最后一帧处理
            elif status == STATUS_LAST_FRAME:
                d = {'data': {'status': 2, 'format': 'audio/L16;rate=16000',
                              'audio': str(base64.b64encode(buf), 'utf-8'),
                              'encoding': 'raw'}}
                self.send(json.dumps(d))
                logging.info('录音结束')
                time.sleep(1)

                stream.stop_stream()
                stream.close()
                audio.terminate()
                
                break
            # 模拟音频采样间隔
            time.sleep(interval)
        self.closed(1000, '')

    thread.start_new_thread(run, ())

六、返回结果处理

# 收到websocket消息的处理
def received_message(self, message):
    message = message.__str__()

    try:
        code = json.loads(message)['code']
        sid = json.loads(message)['sid']
        status = json.loads(message)['data']['status']
        if code != 0:
            err_msg = json.loads(message)['message']
            logging.error('sid:%s call error:%s code is:%s' % (sid, err_msg, code))
        else:
            data = json.loads(message)['data']['result']
            ws = data['ws']
            pgs = data['pgs']
            sn = data['sn']

            result = ''
            for i in ws:
                for w in i['cw']:
                    result += w['w']
            if pgs == 'rpl':
                rg = data['rg']
                self.rec_text.update({rg[0]: result})
                for i in range(rg[0] + 1, rg[1]):
                    self.rec_text.pop(i, '404')
            else:
                self.rec_text[sn] = result
            logging.info('识别结果为: {}'.format(self.rec_text))
    except Exception as e:
        logging.info(message)
        logging.error('receive msg,but parse exception: {}'.format(e))

七、语音识别类

class RecognitionWebsocket(WebSocketClient):
    def __init__(self, url, ws_param):
        super().__init__(url)
        self.ws_param = ws_param
        self.rec_text = {}

    # 收到websocket消息的处理
    def received_message(self, message):
    	...
 
    # 收到websocket错误的处理
    def on_error(self, error):
        logging.error(error)

    # 收到websocket关闭的处理
    def closed(self, code, reason=None):
        logging.info('语音识别通道关闭' + str(code) + str(reason))

    # 收到websocket连接建立的处理
    def opened(self):
    	...

八、调用

# AudioFile参数为空时表示不在本地生成音频文件，是否设置为空可以根据开发需求确定
ws_param = WsParam(APPId='', APIKey='', APISecret='', AudioFile=r'')

ws_url = ws_param.create_url()
ws = RecognitionWebsocket(ws_url, ws_param)
ws.connect()
ws.run_forever()

附录

自动停止录音的实现可以参考python录音实现自动结束录音