Android 编译环境配置搭建(Ubuntu 12.04)及环境导致编译错误QA

本文详细介绍了在Linux环境下编译Android代码所需的环境搭建步骤及常见编译错误的解决方法，包括安装必要的软件包、配置ccache、解决编译过程中遇到的问题等，帮助开发者顺利进行Android应用的本地编译。

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1、编译环境准备

下载Android代码需要大约需要8.5G，单独编译一套代码需要30G左右，多套的话硬盘空间至少需要100G以上。

2. 配置android在Linux下的编译环境

安装编译所需的软件包：

 
   1 $ sudo apt-get install git-core gnupg flex bison gperf build-essential   zip curl libc6-dev libncurses5-dev x11proto-core-dev    libx11-dev libreadline6-dev libgl1-mesa-glx  libgl1-mesa-dev g++-multilib mingw32 tofrodos    python-markdown libxml2-utils xsltproc zlib1g-dev lib32readline6-dev gcc-4.4 g++-4.4 g++-4.4-multilib gcc-4.4-multilib
 
   2$ sudoln-s /usr/lib/i386-linux-gnu/libX11.so.1 /usr/lib/i386-linux-gnu/libX11.so
 
   3 $cd /usr/bin/
 $sudomv gcc gcc.bak
 $sudo ln -s gcc-4.4 gcc
 $sudomvg++ g++.bak
 $sudo ln -s g++-4.4 g++

Python2.6-2.7，download from http://www.Python.org/download/ (Ubuntu12.04一般自带)。

3.安装JDK
在Ubuntu下安装JDK比较简单，可以在软件中心直接搜索安装，也可以按以下方法安装：

安装Java 6（android2.3或更新的版本4.0以上等）

$ sudo add-apt-repository"deb http://archive.canonical.com/ lucid partner" $ sudo apt-get update $ sudo apt-get install sun-java6-jdk

安装Java 5（amdroid2.3之前Froyo版本和更老的版本）

$ sudo add-apt-repository"deb http://archive.ubuntu.com/ubuntu hardy main multiverse" $ sudo add-apt-repository"deb http://archive.ubuntu.com/ubuntu hardy-updates main multiverse" $ sudo apt-get update $ sudo apt-get install sun-java5-jdk

4、配置ccache

你可以选择是否搭建使用ccache编译器缓存设置。Ccache充当一个编译器缓存,可以用来加速再次编译。这招很管用,如果你经常需要清理环境或如果你频繁切换不同的构建产品来多次编译，这样设置后使之重复编译的时间缩短。

$vi ~/.bashrc

<code><strong><span class="kwd">export</span><span class="pln"> USE_CCACHE</span><span class="pun">=</span><span class="lit">1</span></strong><span class="pln"><strong> //系统默认存放在<strong>~/.ccache</strong></strong></span></code>

<code><span class="pln"></span></code><code><strong><span class="kwd">export</span><span class="pln"> CCACHE_DIR</span><span class="pun">=<</span><span class="pln">path</span><span class="pun">-</span><span class="pln">to</span><span class="pun">-</span><span class="pln">your</span><span class="pun">-</span><span class="pln">cache</span><span class="pun">-</span><span class="pln">directory</span><span class="pun">> //<strong>建议设置大小为50-100GB</strong></span></strong></code>

<code><strong>$ source ~/.bashrc</strong></code>

<code><strong>在你下载完代码后，执行下面的命令</strong></code>

<code><strong><span class="pln">prebuilts</span><span class="pun">/</span><span class="pln">misc</span><span class="pun">/</span><span class="pln">linux</span><span class="pun">-</span><span class="pln">x86</span><span class="pun">/</span><span class="pln">ccache</span><span class="pun">/</span><span class="pln">ccache </span><span class="pun">-</span><span class="pln">M </span><span class="lit">50G</span></strong><span class="pln"><strong> 
</strong></span></code>

如果编译的版本为android4.0即Ice Cream Sandwich (4.0.x)，执行下面的命令

prebuilt/linux-x86/ccache/ccache-M50G

配置好后，这些设置会一直保留

5.Android 编译报错(环境问题)QA：

Question:

      "mkimage" command not found - U-Boot images will not be built
 make[3]: *** [arch/arm/boot/uImage] Error 1
 make[2]: *** [uImage] Error 2
 make[1]: *** [sub-make] Error 2
     

      Answer:
 
     

      sudo apt-get install uboot-mkimage
 
     

      Question:
     

      g++: g++: selected multilib '32' not installed
 selected multilib '32' not installed
 make: *** [out/host/linux-x86/obj/EXECUTABLES/aidl_intermediates/aidl] Error 1
 make: *** Waiting for unfinished jobs....
 make: *** [out/host/linux-x86/obj/lib/libESR_Portable.so] Error 1
 Answer:
     

      sudo apt-get install g++-4.4-multilib gcc-4.4-multilib
     

      
  
     

      Question:
     

      /usr/bin/ld: cannot find -lreadline
     
 make: *** [out/host/linux-x86/obj/EXECUTABLES/sqlite3_intermediates/sqlite3] Error 1
 make: *** Waiting for unfinished jobs....
 Answer:
 sudo apt-get install libreadline6-dev lib32readline6-dev
  

       Question:
      
 /usr/include/gnu/stubs.h:7:27: error: gnu/stubs-32.h: No such file or directory
 make: *** [out/host/linux-x86/obj/EXECUTABLES/acp_intermediates/acp.o] 错误 1
 Answer:
 　　sudo apt-get install libc6-dev-i386
 

       Question:
      
 make: *** [out/host/linux-x86/obj/EXECUTABLES/acp_intermediates/acp] error 1
 Answer:
 　　sudo apt-get install g++-multilib
 

       Question:
      
 external/clearsilver/cgi/cgi.c:22: fatal error: zlib.h: No such file or directory
 compilation terminated.
 make: *** [out/host/linux-x86/obj/SHARED_LIBRARIES/libneo_cgi_intermediates/cgi.o] Error 1
 Answer:
 sudo apt-get install zlib1g-dev
 

       Question:
      
/usr/bin/ld: cannot find -lz
 collect2: ld returned 1 exit status
 make: *** [out/host/linux-x86/obj/EXECUTABLES/aapt_intermediates/aapt] Error 1
  Answer:
sudo apt-get install lib32z1-dev
 
 
        Question:
       
bison -d  -o out/host/linux-x86/obj/EXECUTABLES/aidl_intermediates/aidl_language_y.cpp frameworks/base/tools/aidl/aidl_language_y.y
 /bin/bash: bison: command not found
 make: *** [out/host/linux-x86/obj/EXECUTABLES/aidl_intermediates/aidl_language_y.cpp] Error 127
  Answer:
sudo apt-get install bison
 
 
        Question:
       
Lex: aidl <= frameworks/base/tools/aidl/aidl_language_l.l
 /bin/bash: flex: command not found
 make: *** [out/host/linux-x86/obj/EXECUTABLES/aidl_intermediates/aidl_language_l.cpp] Error 127
  Answer:
sudo apt-get install flex
 
 
        Question:
       
/usr/bin/ld: cannot find -lncurses
 collect2: ld returned 1 exit status
 make: *** [out/host/linux-x86/obj/EXECUTABLES/adb_intermediates/adb] Error 1
  Answer:
sudo apt-get install lib32ncurses5-dev
 
 
        Question:
       
prebuilt/linux-x86/sdl/include/SDL/SDL_syswm.h:55: fatal error: X11/Xlib.h: No such file or directory
 compilation terminated.
 make: *** [out/host/linux-x86/obj/EXECUTABLES/emulator_intermediates/android/main-common.o] Error 1
  Answer:
sudo apt-get install libx11-dev
 
 
        Question:
       
sh: gperf: not found
 calling gperf failed: 32512 at ./makeprop.pl line 96.
 make: *** [out/target/product/generic/obj/STATIC_LIBRARIES/libwebcore_intermediates/WebCore/css/CSSPropertyNames.h] Error 25
 make: *** Deleting file `out/target/product/generic/obj/STATIC_LIBRARIES/libwebcore_intermediates/WebCore/css/CSSPropertyNames.h'
 
 
        Answer:
       
sudo apt-get install gperf

 

 
From: http://blog.youkuaiyun.com/jacobywu/article/details/24431915
 

 
-------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------

 
 Traceback (most recent call last):
   File "scripts/make_css_property_names.py", line 238, in <module>
     in_generator.Maker(CSSPropertiesWriter).main(sys.argv)
   File "/root/Android_src/external/chromium_org/third_party/WebKit/Source/core/scripts/in_generator.py", line 119, in main
     writer.write_files(options.output_dir)
   File "/root/Android_src/external/chromium_org/third_party/WebKit/Source/core/scripts/in_generator.py", line 77, in write_files
     self._write_file(output_dir, generator(), file_name)
   File "scripts/make_css_property_names.py", line 233, in generate_implementation
     gperf = subprocess.Popen(gperf_args, stdin=subprocess.PIPE, stdout=subprocess.PIPE)
   File "/usr/lib/python2.7/subprocess.py", line 709, in __init__
     errread, errwrite)
   File "/usr/lib/python2.7/subprocess.py", line 1326, in _execute_child
     raise child_exception
 OSError: [Errno 2] No such file or directory
 make: *** [out/target/product/generic/obj/GYP/shared_intermediates/blink/CSSPropertyNames.cpp] 错误 1
 make: *** 正在等待未完成的任务....
  
       解决：
         确保已安装以下环境：
         git gnupg flex bison gperf build-essential   zip curl libc6-dev x11proto-core-dev   g++-multilib  tofrodos   python-markdown libxml2-utils xsltproc