docker部署nginx

最新推荐文章于 2024-11-18 17:46:20 发布

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#docker #nginx #容器

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本文详细介绍了如何在Linux环境下使用Docker下载并运行Nginx镜像，创建容器，设置端口映射，以及如何进行容器内的目录映射。在遇到403错误时，还提示需要在宿主机的html目录下放置index.html文件。

1、下载及查看镜像

[root@localhost ~]# docker pull nginx
Using default tag: latest
latest: Pulling from library/nginx
a2abf6c4d29d: Pull complete
a9edb18cadd1: Pull complete
589b7251471a: Pull complete
186b1aaa4aa6: Pull complete
b4df32aa5a72: Pull complete
a0bcbecc962e: Pull complete
Digest:[root@localhost ~]# docker run --name nginxtest -p 80:80 -d nginx
2f18abf38e84674d0b75a7c1f7f18500682f334b98aef524cb99472101c41f01
sha256:0d17b565c37bcbd895e9d92315a05c1c3c9a29f762b011a10c54a66cd53c9b31
Status: Downloaded newer image for nginx:latest
docker.io/library/nginx:latest
[root@localhost ~]# docker images
REPOSITORY TAG IMAGE ID CREATED SIZE
nginx latest 605c77e624dd 2 months ago 141MB
hello-world latest feb5d9fea6a5 5 months ago 13.3kB

2、测试镜像

[root@localhost ~]# docker run --name nginxtest -p 80:80 -d nginx
2f18abf38e84674d0b75a7c1f7f18500682f334b98aef524cb99472101c41f01
[root@localhost ~]# docker ps
CONTAINER ID IMAGE COMMAND CREATED STATUS PORTS NAMES
2f18abf38e84 nginx "/docker-entrypoint.…" 2 minutes ago Up 2 minutes 0.0.0.0:80->80/tcp, :::80->80/tcp nginxtest

参数说明：

--name nginxtest：容器别名，默认为随机的。
-p 80:80： publish发布端口，开户DNAT映射，将宿主机 80 端口映射到容器 80 端口。
-d nginx：后台启动容器。

3、容器部署

3.1 创建三个目录，html目录，日志目录及配置目录

[root@localhost data]# cd /usr/local/
[root@localhost local]# mkdir -p ./nginx/html
[root@localhost local]# mkdir -p ./nginx/logs
[root@localhost local]# mkdir -p ./nginx/conf

3.2 拷贝配置文件

拷贝容器内nginx默认配置文件到本地目录下的conf目录，通过docker ps命令查看容器ID

[root@localhost local]# docker ps
CONTAINER ID IMAGE COMMAND CREATED STATUS PORTS NAMES
2f18abf38e84 nginx "/docker-entrypoint.…" 5 minutes ago Up 5 minutes 0.0.0.0:80->80/tcp, :::80->80/tcp nginxtest
[root@localhost local]# docker cp 2f18abf38e84:/etc/nginx/nginx.conf /usr/local/nginx/conf/

[root@localhost conf.d]# docker cp 2f18abf38e84:/etc/nginx/conf.d/default.conf /usr/local/nginx/conf.d/

3.3 映射容器目录

先停掉之前启动的docker容器，并且删除后重新创建

[root@localhost local]# docker stop 2f18abf38e84
2f18abf38e84
[root@localhost local]# docker rm 2f18abf38e84
2f18abf38e84

[root@localhost local]# docker run --name nginx -d -p 80:80 -v /usr/local/nginx/log:/var/log/nginx -v /usr/local/nginx/conf/nginx.conf:/etc/nginx/nginx.conf -v /usr/local/nginx/conf.d:/etc/nginx/conf.d -v /usr/local/nginx/html:/usr/share/nginx/html nginx
052be59bd50a30eae46b96e83efc6271bbb908439bd91e54092daf4642debfb7
[root@localhost local]# docker ps
CONTAINER ID IMAGE COMMAND CREATED STATUS PORTS NAMES
052be59bd50a nginx "/docker-entrypoint.…" 4 seconds ago Up 3 seconds 0.0.0.0:80->80/tcp, :::80->80/tcp nginx
[root@localhost local]#