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本文介绍如何使用Dockerfile创建一个基于Ubuntu的Nginx镜像，并通过具体的命令展示从创建Dockerfile到构建镜像及运行容器的全过程。

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构建镜像

通过Dockerfile创建一个ubuntu带nginx的镜像

root@ubuntu:~# mkdir -p /dockerfile/df_test2
root@ubuntu:~# cd /dockerfile/df_test2/
root@ubuntu:/dockerfile/df_test2# vim Dockerfile
root@ubuntu:/dockerfile/df_test2# cat Dockerfile 
# 设置基本的镜像，后续命令都以这个镜像为基础  
FROM ubuntu
# 作者信息  
MAINTAINER  shangwu  
# RUN命令会在上面指定的镜像里执行任何命令  
RUN apt-get update
RUN apt-get install -y nginx


#暴露ssh端口
EXPOSE  80  
root@ubuntu:/dockerfile/df_test2# docker images 
REPOSITORY          TAG                 IMAGE ID            CREATED             VIRTUAL SIZE
ubuntu-nginx        v1                  8377a82bd88d        6 minutes ago       232.8 MB
ubuntu              latest              dc8dd8718e57        10 days ago         119.2 MB

执行Dockerfile

root@ubuntu:/dockerfile/df_test2# docker build -t='ubuntu-nginx-df_test2' .
root@ubuntu:/dockerfile/df_test2# docker images
REPOSITORY              TAG                 IMAGE ID            CREATED             VIRTUAL SIZE
ubuntu-nginx-df_test2   latest              266559c6bc7f        2 minutes ago       214.3 MB
ubuntu-nginx            v1                  8377a82bd88d        13 minutes ago      232.8 MB
ubuntu                  latest              dc8dd8718e57        10 days ago         119.2 MB
root@ubuntu:/dockerfile/df_test2#

通过刚刚创建的进行启动一个容器=nginx-web3

root@ubuntu:/dockerfile/df_test2# docker run -d --name=nginx-web3 -p 80 ubuntu-nginx-df_test2 nginx -g "daemon off;"
ffd39288dbdcd6af18beba89278e80e88d464e9e34388c4d61f181dfe3081d1c
root@ubuntu:/dockerfile/df_test2# docker ps
CONTAINER ID        IMAGE                          COMMAND                CREATED             STATUS              PORTS                   NAMES
ffd39288dbdc        ubuntu-nginx-df_test2:latest   "nginx -g 'daemon of   7 seconds ago       Up 6 seconds        0.0.0.0:32771->80/tcp   nginx-web3          
892ba90fd7f0        ubuntu-nginx:v1                "nginx -g 'daemon of   12 minutes ago      Up 12 minutes       0.0.0.0:32770->80/tcp   nginx-web2          
fbfacadb6dfe        ubuntu-nginx:v1                "nginx -g 'daemon of   13 minutes ago      Up 13 minutes       80/tcp                  nginx-web1          
666dc69dc786        ubuntu:latest                  "/bin/bash"            8 hours ago         Up About an hour    0.0.0.0:32769->80/tcp   web                 
root@ubuntu:/dockerfile/df_test2# curl http://127.0.0.1:32771
<!DOCTYPE html>
<html>
<head>
<title>Welcome to nginx!</title>
<style>
    body {
        width: 35em;
        margin: 0 auto;
        font-family: Tahoma, Verdana, Arial, sans-serif;
    }
</style>
</head>
<body>
<h1>Welcome to nginx!</h1>
<p>If you see this page, the nginx web server is successfully installed and
working. Further configuration is required.</p>


<p>For online documentation and support please refer to
<a href="http://nginx.org/">nginx.org</a>.<br/>
Commercial support is available at
<a href="http://nginx.com/">nginx.com</a>.</p>


<p><em>Thank you for using nginx.</em></p>
</body>
</html>
root@ubuntu:/dockerfile/df_test2#