本文详细介绍了如何在Win32程序中集成libcef，包括创建自定义的CefApp和CefHandler类，以及如何在主函数中初始化和创建浏览器窗口。
之前博客《一起学libcef–搭建自己的libcef运行环境（Win32程序，错误C2220解决方案）》讲述了如何在win32程序中搭建libcef的环境，今天就通过一个简单的例子，在windows程序中使用libcef。
现在再重新写一下如何搞？直接在源代码上搞起！
1 打开源码cefclient解决方案
2 确保cefclient例子可以完美运行
3 在cefclient中，除了util.h之外，全部移除
4 manifests 和 resources文件也可以移除（you must remember to remove the additional manifest files from the Visual Studio project file.）
5 libcef_dll_wrapper 是静态链接，所以我们需要更改项目为动态链接。
接下来就要干我们的事儿了：
1 创建一个自己的头文件ExampleCefApp.h， 在这里新建一个类，继承自CefApp:
CefApp 负责所有的工作, 但是这是一个抽象类，需要计数实现
这样, 我们继承自CefApp创建了一个傀儡类，实际上也什么都没做
#include "include/cef_app.h"class ExampleCefApp : public CefApp{ public: ExampleCefApp () { } virtual ~ExampleCefApp () { } private: IMPLEMENT_REFCOUNTING (ExampleCefApp);};
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2创建一个ExampleCefHandler.h文件，这里面实现一个类继承自所有的event handling classes。
#pragma once#include "include/cef_client.h"#include "cefclient/util.h"class ExampleCefHandler : public CefClient, public CefContextMenuHandler, public CefDisplayHandler, public CefDownloadHandler, public CefDragHandler, public CefGeolocationHandler, public CefKeyboardHandler, public CefLifeSpanHandler, public CefLoadHandler, public CefRequestHandler{ public: ExampleCefHandler(); virtual ~ExampleCefHandler(); CefRefPtr<CefBrowser> GetBrowser();#pragma region CefClient // since we are letting the base implementations handle all of the heavy lifting, // these functions just return the this pointer virtual CefRefPtr<CefContextMenuHandler> GetContextMenuHandler () OVERRIDE; virtual CefRefPtr<CefDisplayHandler> GetDisplayHandler () OVERRIDE; virtual CefRefPtr<CefDownloadHandler> GetDownloadHandler () OVERRIDE; virtual CefRefPtr<CefDragHandler> GetDragHandler () OVERRIDE; virtual CefRefPtr<CefGeolocationHandler> GetGeolocationHandler () OVERRIDE; virtual CefRefPtr<CefKeyboardHandler> GetKeyboardHandler () OVERRIDE; virtual CefRefPtr<CefLifeSpanHandler> GetLifeSpanHandler () OVERRIDE; virtual CefRefPtr<CefLoadHandler> GetLoadHandler () OVERRIDE; virtual CefRefPtr<CefRequestHandler> GetRequestHandler () OVERRIDE;#pragma endregion // CefClient#pragma region CefDownloadHandler // 这个函数为虚函数，我们必须实现它。但是我们什么也没做，所以下载文件的操作不会工作 virtual void OnBeforeDownload (CefRefPtr<CefBrowser> browser, CefRefPtr<CefDownloadItem> download_item, const CefString& suggested_name, CefRefPtr<CefBeforeDownloadCallback> callback);#pragma endregion // CefDownloadHandler #pragma region CefLifeSpanHandler // 缓存一个指向browser的引用 virtual void OnAfterCreated (CefRefPtr<CefBrowser> browser) OVERRIDE; // 释放browser引用 virtual void OnBeforeClose (CefRefPtr<CefBrowser> browser) OVERRIDE;#pragma endregion // CefLifeSpanHandler protected: // the browser reference CefRefPtr<CefBrowser> browser; // Include the default reference counting implementation. IMPLEMENT_REFCOUNTING (ExampleCefHandler); // Include the default locking implementation. IMPLEMENT_LOCKING (ExampleCefHandler);};
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3.创建一个源文件 ExampleCefHandler.cc:
#include "cefclient/ExampleCefHandler.h"// defined in main.cpppextern void AppQuitMessageLoop ();ExampleCefHandler::ExampleCefHandler (){}ExampleCefHandler::~ExampleCefHandler (){}CefRefPtr<CefBrowser> ExampleCefHandler::GetBrowser (){ return browser;}CefRefPtr<CefContextMenuHandler> ExampleCefHandler::GetContextMenuHandler () { return this;}CefRefPtr<CefDisplayHandler> ExampleCefHandler::GetDisplayHandler () { return this;}CefRefPtr<CefDownloadHandler> ExampleCefHandler::GetDownloadHandler () { return this;}CefRefPtr<CefDragHandler> ExampleCefHandler::GetDragHandler () { return this;}CefRefPtr<CefGeolocationHandler> ExampleCefHandler::GetGeolocationHandler (){ return this;}CefRefPtr<CefKeyboardHandler> ExampleCefHandler::GetKeyboardHandler () { return this;}CefRefPtr<CefLifeSpanHandler> ExampleCefHandler::GetLifeSpanHandler () { return this;}CefRefPtr<CefLoadHandler> ExampleCefHandler::GetLoadHandler () { return this;}CefRefPtr<CefRequestHandler> ExampleCefHandler::GetRequestHandler () { return this;}void ExampleCefHandler::OnBeforeDownload (CefRefPtr<CefBrowser> browser, CefRefPtr<CefDownloadItem> download_item, const CefString& suggested_name, CefRefPtr<CefBeforeDownloadCallback> callback){ UNREFERENCED_PARAMETER (browser); UNREFERENCED_PARAMETER (download_item); callback->Continue (suggested_name, true);}void ExampleCefHandler::OnAfterCreated(CefRefPtr<CefBrowser> browser) { REQUIRE_UI_THREAD(); AutoLock lock_scope (this); this->browser = browser; CefLifeSpanHandler::OnAfterCreated (browser);}void ExampleCefHandler::OnBeforeClose(CefRefPtr<CefBrowser> browser) { REQUIRE_UI_THREAD(); AutoLock lock_scope (this); browser = NULL; AppQuitMessageLoop(); CefLifeSpanHandler::OnBeforeClose (browser);}
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4. 最后，创建一个主函数:
#include "cefclient/ExampleCefApp.hpp"#include "cefclient/ExampleCefHandler.hpp"#include "cefclient/util.h"#include <windows.h>#define BROWSER_WINDOW_CLASS TEXT("BrowserWindowClass")#define INVALID_HWND (HWND)INVALID_HANDLE_VALUE#define MESSAGE_WINDOW_CLASS TEXT("MessageWindowClass")#define QUIT_CEF_EXAMPLE 0xABAD1DEAnamespace{ CefRefPtr<ExampleCefHandler> example_cef_handler; HWND application_message_window_handle = INVALID_HWND;}LRESULT CALLBACK BrowserWindowWndProc (HWND, UINT, WPARAM, LPARAM);void CreateBrowserWindow (HINSTANCE instance_handle, int show_minimize_or_maximize){ WNDCLASSEX wcex = { 0 }; wcex.cbSize = sizeof (wcex); wcex.style = CS_HREDRAW | CS_VREDRAW; wcex.lpfnWndProc = BrowserWindowWndProc; wcex.hInstance = instance_handle; wcex.hCursor = LoadCursor (NULL, IDC_ARROW); wcex.hbrBackground = WHITE_BRUSH; wcex.lpszClassName = BROWSER_WINDOW_CLASS; RegisterClassEx (&wcex); HWND window_handle (CreateWindow (BROWSER_WINDOW_CLASS, BROWSER_WINDOW_CLASS, WS_OVERLAPPEDWINDOW | WS_CLIPCHILDREN, CW_USEDEFAULT, 0, CW_USEDEFAULT, 0, NULL, NULL, instance_handle, NULL)); ShowWindow (window_handle, show_minimize_or_maximize); UpdateWindow (window_handle);}LRESULT CALLBACK MessageWindowWndProc (HWND, UINT, WPARAM, LPARAM);HWND CreateMessageWindow (HINSTANCE instance_handle){ WNDCLASSEX wcex = {0}; wcex.cbSize = sizeof (wcex); wcex.lpfnWndProc = MessageWindowWndProc; wcex.hInstance = instance_handle; wcex.lpszClassName = MESSAGE_WINDOW_CLASS; RegisterClassEx (&wcex); return CreateWindow (MESSAGE_WINDOW_CLASS, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, HWND_MESSAGE, 0, instance_handle, 0);}// Program entry point function.int APIENTRY wWinMain (HINSTANCE hInstance, HINSTANCE hPrevInstance, LPTSTR lpCmdLine, int nCmdShow){ UNREFERENCED_PARAMETER (hPrevInstance); UNREFERENCED_PARAMETER (lpCmdLine); int result (0); CefMainArgs main_args (hInstance); CefRefPtr<ExampleCefApp> app (new ExampleCefApp); // CefExecuteProcess returns -1 for the host process if (CefExecuteProcess(main_args, app.get()) == -1) { CefSettings settings; settings.multi_threaded_message_loop = true; CefInitialize (main_args, settings, app.get ()); CreateBrowserWindow (hInstance, nCmdShow); application_message_window_handle = CreateMessageWindow (hInstance); MSG msg; while (GetMessage (&msg, NULL, 0, 0)) { TranslateMessage (&msg); DispatchMessage (&msg); } result = static_cast<int>(msg.wParam); DestroyWindow (application_message_window_handle); application_message_window_handle = INVALID_HWND; // disabled due to https://code.google.com/p/chromiumembedded/issues/detail?id=755 // CefShutdown (); UnregisterClass (BROWSER_WINDOW_CLASS, hInstance); UnregisterClass (MESSAGE_WINDOW_CLASS, hInstance); } return result;}LRESULT CALLBACK BrowserWindowWndProc (HWND window_handle, UINT message, WPARAM w_param, LPARAM l_param){ LRESULT result (0); switch (message) { case WM_CREATE: { example_cef_handler = new ExampleCefHandler(); RECT rect = { 0 }; GetClientRect (window_handle, &rect); CefWindowInfo info; info.SetAsChild(window_handle, rect); CefBrowserSettings settings; CefBrowserHost::CreateBrowser(info, example_cef_handler.get(), CefString ("http://www.google.com"), settings, NULL); } break; case WM_SIZE: { // from the cefclient example, do not allow the window to be resized to 0x0 or the layout will break; // also be aware that if the size gets too small, GPU acceleration disables if ((w_param != SIZE_MINIMIZED) && (example_cef_handler.get ()) && (example_cef_handler->GetBrowser ())) { CefWindowHandle hwnd (example_cef_handler->GetBrowser ()->GetHost ()->GetWindowHandle ()); if (hwnd) { RECT rect = { 0 }; GetClientRect (window_handle, &rect); HDWP hdwp = BeginDeferWindowPos (1); hdwp = DeferWindowPos (hdwp, hwnd, NULL,rect.left, rect.top, rect.right - rect.left, rect.bottom - rect.top, SWP_NOZORDER); EndDeferWindowPos (hdwp); } } } break; case WM_ERASEBKGND: { if ((example_cef_handler.get ()) && (example_cef_handler->GetBrowser ())) { CefWindowHandle hwnd (example_cef_handler->GetBrowser()->GetHost()->GetWindowHandle()); // from the cefclient example, don't erase the background // if the browser window has been loaded to avoid flashing result = hwnd ? 1 : DefWindowProc (window_handle, message, w_param, l_param); } } break; case WM_ENTERMENULOOP: { if (!w_param) { CefSetOSModalLoop (true); } result = DefWindowProc (window_handle, message, w_param, l_param); } break; case WM_EXITMENULOOP: { if (!w_param) { CefSetOSModalLoop (false); } result = DefWindowProc (window_handle, message, w_param, l_param); } break; case WM_DESTROY: break; default: { result = DefWindowProc (window_handle, message, w_param, l_param); } break; } return result;}LRESULT CALLBACK MessageWindowWndProc (HWND window_handle, UINT message, WPARAM w_param, LPARAM l_param){ LRESULT result (0); switch (message) { case WM_COMMAND: { if (w_param == QUIT_CEF_EXAMPLE) { PostQuitMessage(0); } } break; default: { result = DefWindowProc (window_handle, message, w_param, l_param); } break; } return result;}void AppQuitMessageLoop (){ if (application_message_window_handle != INVALID_HWND) { PostMessage(application_message_window_handle, WM_COMMAND, QUIT_CEF_EXAMPLE, 0); }}
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