Elasticsearch match和term查询区别

原创已于 2023-12-01 10:01:10 修改 · 303 阅读

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#elasticsearch

于 2023-11-30 22:37:23 首次发布

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文章讲述了在Elasticsearch中使用term和match查询方法对包含华为的订单名进行搜索，分析了不分词和分词查询的区别，以及标准分词器对中文处理的影响。

order索引包含数据

GET order/_search
{
  "_source": ["order_name"]
}
查询结果
"hits" : [
  {
    "_index" : "order",
    "_type" : "_doc",
    "_id" : "1",
    "_score" : 1.0,
    "_source" : {
      "order_name" : "华为"
    }
  },
  {
    "_index" : "order",
    "_type" : "_doc",
    "_id" : "2",
    "_score" : 1.0,
    "_source" : {
      "order_name" : "华为mate60"
    }
  },
  {
    "_index" : "order",
    "_type" : "_doc",
    "_id" : "3",
    "_score" : 1.0,
    "_source" : {
      "order_name" : "华为P60"
    }
  }
]


1.1 term加上字段不分词查询
GET order/_search
{
  "query": {
    "term": {
      "order_name.keyword": {
        "value": "华为"
      }
    }
  }
  , "_source": ["order_name"]
}
查询结果：
"hits" : [
  {
    "_index" : "order",
    "_type" : "_doc",
    "_id" : "1",
    "_score" : 0.9808291,
    "_source" : {
      "order_name" : "华为"
    }
  }
]	


1.2 term分词查询
GET order/_search
{
  "query": {
    "term": {
      "order_name": {
        "value": "华为"
      }
    }
  }
  , "_source": ["order_name"]
}
查询结果=> 因为用的默认standard分词器，中文会逐字拆分 所以没查到
"hits" : [ ]    


2.1 match 分词查询
GET order/_search
{
  "query": {
    "match": {
      "order_name":"华为"
    }
  }
  , "_source": ["order_name"]
}
match查询默认是会根据字段数据本身查询的
查询结果是三条数据都匹配查询出来了


2.2 match不分词查询
GET order/_search
{
  "query": {
    "match": {
      "order_name.keyword":"华为"
    }
  }
  , "_source": ["order_name"]
}

查询结果
"hits" : [
  {
    "_index" : "order",
    "_type" : "_doc",
    "_id" : "1",
    "_score" : 0.9808291,
    "_source" : {
      "order_name" : "华为"
    }
  }
]


3. standard分词器例子：

GET order/_analyze
{
  "text": ["华为"]
}
分词结果：
{
  "tokens" : [
    {
      "token" : "华",
      "start_offset" : 0,
      "end_offset" : 1,
      "type" : "<IDEOGRAPHIC>",
      "position" : 0
    },
    {
      "token" : "为",
      "start_offset" : 1,
      "end_offset" : 2,
      "type" : "<IDEOGRAPHIC>",
      "position" : 1
    }
  ]
}