LoadRunner小技巧集锦

最新推荐文章于 2021-03-02 01:02:58 发布

转载最新推荐文章于 2021-03-02 01:02:58 发布 · 460 阅读

qa 专栏收录该内容

93 篇文章

订阅专栏

本文详细阐述了在使用LoadRunner进行性能测试时遇到的常见问题及其解决方法，包括中文乱码、脚本空白、插入文本检查点、HTTP协议设置、回放中文乱码、批量数据生成、注释插入、浏览器显示中文乱码、脚本录制故障、IP配置问题、录制失败、端口号修改、中文字符串查找、替代IPWizard脚本、Office2007问题、端口号修改、使用Web_reg_find查找中文字符串、替代IPWizard脚本、LoadRunner9.5录制脚本问题、Office2007与LoadRunner兼容性、端口号设置、Web_reg_find中文查找、IPWizard脚本替代。

1、录制脚本中包含中文，出现乱码怎么办？

把录制选项中的Support charset选中UTF-8

录制脚本后，切换到树视图中，打开相应的脚本页面。在右侧的PageView中录制的脚本呈现中文版式，但是当切换到Server Response中，所有的中文全部换成的乱码，如“勌缞仫訆”。

原因是服务器端没有把响应的编码设置为gb2312

在IIS中找到Web.Config文件，在<system.web>….</system.web>节加入<globalization requestEncoding="gb2312" responseEncoding="gb2312" fileEncoding="gb2312"/>后再次录制脚本，乱码变中文。

HTTP协议，如果录制的时候产生乱码则在Recording Options -> Advanced -> Support charset中勾选UTF-8。

如果回放的时候日志中出现乱码则在Run-time Settings -> Internet Protocol Preference -> Advanced Options弹出对话框中的General列表中选择Convert from/to UTF-8为Yes

2、录制到的脚本是空白的

有可能是由于录制的URL地址采用的是localhost的问题，改成分配的IP地址或127.0.0.1试试。

3、插入文本检查点步骤时，使用web_reg_find，通常TextPfx和TextSfx中会包含双引号，需要进行转义（用斜杠），例如：

web_reg_find("Search=Body",

"SaveCount=Welcome",

"TextPfx=欢迎<a class=\"drop\" id=\"viewpro\" nMouseOver=\"showMenu(this.id)\">",

"TextSfx=</a>",

LAST);

4、使用web_image_check插入图片检查点时需要主要设置Run-Time Setting中的Enable Image and text check选项：

使用web_find函数插入文本检查点也一样要做此设置

5、性能测试往往需要准备大批量的数据，大批量数据的生成方法有很多种，常见的有：

（1）编写SQL语句来插入数据

（2）使用DataFactory等专业的数据生成工具

（3）通过LoadRunner录制回放的方式重复执行生成大批量数据

Tips:

使用DataFactory插入nchar数据类型的数据时会出现空值的情况，可以先修改数据库的数据类型设置，插完数据后再改回来

6、在录制脚本的过程中插入注释，录制后查看和理解脚本会更加方便。

7、LoadRunner回放脚本时，在浏览器显示的中文是乱码

解决办法（1）：

首先设置Run-Time Settings – Browser – Browser Emulation – User-Agent

然后设置IE：

查看－编码－钩上“自动选择”和Unicode（UTF-8）。

解决办法（2）：

使用lr_convert_string_encoding函数来转换编码

下面是一个使用的例子：

lr_convert_string_encoding(lr_eval_string("{ReplyContents}"),LR_ENC_SYSTEM_LOCALE,LR_ENC_UTF8,"ReplyMessage");

web_submit_data("postreply.aspx_2",

"Action=http://127.0.0.1/postreply.aspx?infloat=1&topicid=2&&inajax=1",

"Method=POST",

"EncType=multipart/form-data",

"RecContentType=text/xml",

"Referer=http://127.0.0.1/showtopic-2.aspx",

"Snapshot=t9.inf",

"Mode=HTML",

ITEMDATA,

"Name=iconid", "Value=0", ENDITEM,

"Name=title", "Value=", ENDITEM,

"Name=wysiwyg", "Value=0", ENDITEM,

"Name=checkbox", "Value=0", ENDITEM,

"Name=message", "Value=[localimg=180,112]1[/localimg]\r\n\r\n{ReplyMessage}", ENDITEM,

"Name=e_mediatyperadio", "Value=on", ENDITEM,

"Name=sl_attachdesc", "Value=", ENDITEM,

"Name=attachid", "Value=", ENDITEM,

"Name=attachdesc", "Value=", ENDITEM,

"Name=localid", "Value=", ENDITEM,

"Name=attachdesc", "Value=", ENDITEM,

"Name=localid", "Value=1", ENDITEM,

"Name=attachdesc", "Value=", ENDITEM,

"Name=localid", "Value=2", ENDITEM,

"Name=emailnotify", "Value=on", ENDITEM,

"Name=postreplynotice", "Value=on", ENDITEM,

"Name=postfile", "Value=", "File=Yes", ENDITEM,

"Name=postfile", "Value=D:\\\\图片收集\\\\It's about time.JPG", "File=Yes", ENDITEM,

"Name=postfile", "Value=", "File=Yes", ENDITEM,

"Name=uploadallowmax", "Value=10", ENDITEM,

"Name=uploadallowtype", "Value=jpg,gif", ENDITEM,

"Name=thumbwidth", "Value=300", ENDITEM,

"Name=thumbheight", "Value=250", ENDITEM,

"Name=noinsert", "Value=0", ENDITEM,

LAST);

8、可以在LR测试脚本的目录中找到参数文件，直接修改参数文件

The parameter file is stored in the script. directory as .dat file extension. It can be opened with a simple text editor like Notepad as it is stored in pure text format. Therefore, you can manipulate the files via the Notepad. You can also use office applications such as Microsoft Excel or OpenOffice.org Calc to work on the file. This greatly the amount of work required for maintaining a long list of data.

9、LR9.x启动VUGen时提示"Failed to connect to server"

After upgrading to LoadRunner 9.x I started getting a window popup which said "Failed to connect to server" every time I opened virtual user generator (vugen.exe).

The solution to this was to close virtual user generator and delete the [vugen.ini] file.

vugen.ini is found in the %systemroot% folder on your Windows PC (usually C:\WINDOWS or C:\WINNT).

Once you've deleted the file, virtual user generator will open without any issues and create a new vugen.ini file automatically.

10、怎样抓取有相同左右边界的动态value？

怎样抓取有相同左右边界的动态value？例如：

stateID="d7lg0ehmjkkm6uin3s4boei7oq">

stateID="cvopakp46ftsf8mh6l37ti3ubm">

stateID="bv9mja8gtgr39ddibm5t9163re">

web_reg_save_param里的ORD应该怎样设置？

ORD: Indicates the ordinal position or instance of the match. The default instance is 1. If you specify "All," it saves the parameter values in an array.

例子：

char outFlightParam[50]; // The name of the parameter for correlation

char outFlightParamVal[50]; // The formatted value of outFlightParam

web_reg_save_param("outFlightVal",

"LB=outboundFlight value=", "RB=>",

"ORD=ALL",

"SaveLen=18",

LAST);

web_submit_form("reservations.pl",

"Snapshot=t4.inf",

ITEMDATA,

"Name=depart", "Value=London", ENDITEM,

"Name=departDate", "Value=11/20/2003", ENDITEM,

"Name=arrive", "Value=New York", ENDITEM,

"Name=returnDate", "Value=11/21/2003", ENDITEM,

"Name=numPassengers", "Value=1", ENDITEM,

"Name=roundtrip", "Value=<OFF>", ENDITEM,

"Name=seatPref", "Value=None", ENDITEM,

"Name=seatType", "Value=Coach", ENDITEM,

"Name=findFlights.x", "Value=83", ENDITEM,

"Name=findFlights.y", "Value=16", ENDITEM,

LAST);

sprintf(outFlightParam, "{outFlightVal_%s}",

lr_eval_string("{outFlightVal_count}"));

sprintf(outFlightParamVal, "Value=%s",

lr_eval_string(outFlightParam));

lr_message("The value argument is : %s", outFlightParamVal);

web_submit_form("reservations.pl_2",

"Snapshot=t5.inf",

ITEMDATA,

"Name=outboundFlight",outFlightParamVal, ENDITEM,

"Name=reserveFlights.x", "Value=92", ENDITEM,

"Name=reserveFlights.y", "Value=10", ENDITEM,

LAST);

11、运行场景时提示“Step download timeout (120 seconds) has expired when downloading resource(s)”

vuser_init.c(12): Error -27728: Step download timeout (120 seconds) has expired when downloading non-resource(s)（出现个别，可以忽略）

vuser_init.c(12): Error -27727: Step download timeout (120 seconds) has expired when downloading resource(s). Set the "Step Timeout caused by resources is a warning" Run-Time Setting to Yes/No to have this message as a warning/error, respectively

如果觉得下载一个页面超过2分钟不是错误的话，可以在Run-Time设置中选择Preferences->Options，修改Step download timeout(sec)的时间

或者把“Step timeout caused by resources is a warning”设置为Yes，这样下载资源超时也只是作为警告，不作为错误提示，但是对于非资源的下载超时，则总是会提示错误的

12、用strtok函数分割字符串

需要在loadrunner里面获得“15”（下面红色高亮的部分），并做成关联参数。

//Body response 内容： <BODY><; PRE>//OK[8,7,5,15,6,5,0,4,0,3,0,3,2,0,0,0,1

用web_reg_save_param取出“8,7,5,15,6,5,0,4,0,3,0,3,2,0,0,0,1”这一段，然后用strtok函数切割出一个个数字，第四个数字就是要找的值

例如：

extern char * strtok(char * string, const char * delimiters ); // Explicit declaration

char separators[] = ",";

char * token;

lr_save_string("1,2,3,4,5,6","str");

token = (char *)strtok(lr_eval_string("{str}"), separators); // Get the first token

if (!token) {

lr_output_message ("No tokens found in string!");

return( -1 );

}

while (token != NULL ) { // While valid tokens are returned

lr_output_message ("%s", token );

token = (char *)strtok(NULL, separators); // Get the next token

}

13、LoadRunner没有购买webservice协议的license，只有http的，可不可以完全用http协议模拟webservice？

可以，参考：

http://blog.testsautomation.com/2009/01/web-services-performance-using-loadrunner/

http://blog.testsautomation.com/2009/05/validating-web-service-response-with-xpath/

14、在场景设置中不忽略思考时间,但是在查看响应时间的时候怎样让LR自动在响应时间里减去思考时间？

在analysis中找到了设置是否在报告中包含思考时间的地方做相应的设置即可：

15、LoadRunner在运行过程中停掉1半虚拟用户

Another issue that I’m facing from time to time is that LoadRunner stops 50% of running users without any notification, issue, error message etc. I’ve find out that it happens only when running with log level set to ‘always send a message’. Because of that, I suggest to run with log level set to ‘Send message only when error occur’.

16、LoadRunner录制不了任何东西

Sometimes LoadRunner is not recording anything while browsing using IE. I have no idea why but the fastest solution is to restart whole LR. Maybe some of you have good explanation for that?

17、测试RTMP协议应该在LoadRunner选择什么协议来录制？

用flex协议

有这几个函数可用：

flex_rtmp_connect Connects a client to an RTMP server and sets connection options.

flex_rtmp_disconnect Disconnects a client from an RTMP server.

flex_rtmp_send Sends messages to an RTMP server.

flex_rtmp_receive Receives responses from an RTMP server

Flex can record and replay scripts involving RTMP (Real Time Messaging Protocol). In order to enable RTMP simulation, you must configure the recording options for the Flex protocol.

To enable RTMP:

1 Open the Recording Options dialog box by selecting Tools > Recording Options or clicking the Options button in the Start Recording dialog box.

2 In the Network > Port Mapping node click Options.

3 Set the Send-Receive buffer size threshold to 1500.