#include <iostream>
using namespace std;
#define STACKSIZE 10000 //堆栈最大可分配空间数量。
class Stack {
public:
Stack()
{
top=-1; //构造函数
}
int data[STACKSIZE];//存储元素的数组
int top;
int push(int);//入栈操作
int pop(int&);//出栈操作
int num(void);
};
int Stack::push(int x)
{
if (top < STACKSIZE-1)
{
top++;
data[top]=x;//若栈不满则在栈顶插入新的元素X作为新的栈顶
return 1;
}
return 0;//栈满
}
int Stack::pop(int& x)
{
if (top >= 0)
{
x = data[top];//若栈不空,则删除栈顶元素,用X返回其值
top--;
return 1;
}
return 0;//栈空
}
int Stack::num(void)
{
return (top+1);
}
int main()
{
Stack stack;
int num;
cout << "input number of ring: " ;
cin >> num;//输入盘子数
int start = 1, goal = 2, temp = 3, action = 1;
stack.push(num);
stack.push(temp);
stack.push(goal);
stack.push(start);
stack.push(action);
while (stack.num() != 0)
{
//cout << "action " << "start " << "goal " << "temp " <<"num " <<endl;
//cout << action <<"/t"<< start <<" "<< goal <<" "<< temp <<" "<<num <<"/t"<<endl;
stack.pop(action);
stack.pop(start);
stack.pop(goal);
stack.pop(temp);
stack.pop(num);
if (action == 0)
{
cout << "move ring on top of pole " << start << " to pole " << goal << endl;
}
else if (num > 0)
{
stack.push(num - 1);
stack.push(start);
stack.push(goal);
stack.push(temp);
stack.push(1);
stack.push(num - 1);
stack.push(temp);
stack.push(goal);
stack.push(start);
stack.push(0);
stack.push(num - 1);
stack.push(goal);
stack.push(temp);
stack.push(start);
stack.push(1);
}
}
system("pause");
return 0;
}
第一组语句,可看作汉诺塔的初始化,
stack.push(num);
stack.push(temp);
stack.push(goal);
stack.push(start);
stack.push(action);
这组语句可以理解为,将num个环放在start上,借助temp,移动到goal上,action为1表示全部移动
也就是把num个环从start上,借助temp,移动到goal上
有了上面的模型,while里的三组语句就好理解了,注意语句的层次关系,和start temp goal的位置。
stack.push(num - 1);
stack.push(start);
stack.push(goal);
stack.push(temp);
stack.push(1);
把num-1个环从temp上,借助start,移动到goal上,action为1表示全部移动
stack.push(num - 1);
stack.push(temp);
stack.push(goal);
stack.push(start);
stack.push(0);
把num-1环从start上,借助temp,移动到goal上,action为0表示只移动一个,也就是最低下的那个,这里的num - 1可理解为底层环的序号
实际上就是把start最底层的环移动到goal上
stack.push(num - 1);
stack.push(goal);
stack.push(temp);
stack.push(start);
stack.push(1);
把num-1个环从start上,借助goal,移动到temp上,action为1表示全部移动
因为栈上后入先出,最后一组语句先执行
把num-1个环从start上,借助goal,移动到temp上,
把start最底层的环移动到goal上
把num-1个环从temp上,借助start,移动到goal上,
上面的语句不就是汉诺塔的递归模型么。
然后用下面一组语句进行处理
stack.pop(action);
stack.pop(start);
stack.pop(goal);
stack.pop(temp);
stack.pop(num);
action先出栈,判断action的值,如果是1全部移动,则继续进入循环,如果是0只移动一个,则执行移动操作,即cout < < "move ring on top of pole "