SpringMVC学习（一）--框架的搭建

由于项目需要，学习下springMVC，在此简单记录一下。

如有十万个为什么，暂且忽略，待以后研究。

本人是基于3.1.1版本开发，如遇jar包版本冲突等其他问题，概不负责。

下载地址：上传此zip资源文件，不知道优快云为什么不给显示，或许相同的资源太多了吧，

                  大家可自行去下载，或者进群，共享里有。

一：新建web工程，spring001

忽略

二：添加springframework依赖jar包

将dist下的jar全部加进去  然后另加一个commons-logging.jar

三：修改web.xml

[html] view plain copy print ?

1. <servlet> 
2.     <servlet-name>springMVC</servlet-name> 
3.     <servlet-class>org.springframework.web.servlet.DispatcherServlet</servlet-class> 
4.     <init-param> 
5.         <param-name>contextConfigLocation</param-name> 
6.         <param-value>/WEB-INF/config/springMVC.xml</param-value> 
7.     </init-param> 
8.     <load-on-startup>1</load-on-startup> 
9. </servlet> 
10.  
11. <servlet-mapping> 
12.     <servlet-name>springMVC</servlet-name> 
13.     <url-pattern>/</url-pattern> 
14. </servlet-mapping> 

<servlet>
	<servlet-name>springMVC</servlet-name>
	<servlet-class>org.springframework.web.servlet.DispatcherServlet</servlet-class>
	<init-param>
		<param-name>contextConfigLocation</param-name>
		<param-value>/WEB-INF/config/springMVC.xml</param-value>
	</init-param>
	<load-on-startup>1</load-on-startup>
</servlet>

<servlet-mapping>
	<servlet-name>springMVC</servlet-name>
	<url-pattern>/</url-pattern>
</servlet-mapping>

默认DispatcherServlet会加载WEB-INF/[DispatcherServlet的Servlet名字]-servlet.xml配置文件，

本示例为WEB-INF/springMVC-servlet.xml

默认路径为WEB-INF下,也可修改为如下配置

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1. <init-param> 
2.     <param-name>contextConfigLocation</param-name> 
3.     <!-- <param-value>classpath:conf/springMVC.xml</param-value>  --> 
4.     <!-- <param-value>classpath:/conf/springMVC.xml</param-value> --> 
5.     <!-- <param-value>classpath*:/conf/springMVC.xml</param-value>  --> 
6.     <!-- 以上三种形式也可以 --> 
7.     <param-value>classpath:conf/springMVC.xml</param-value> 
8. </init-param> 

<init-param>
	<param-name>contextConfigLocation</param-name>
	<!-- <param-value>classpath:conf/springMVC.xml</param-value>  -->
	<!-- <param-value>classpath:/conf/springMVC.xml</param-value> -->
	<!-- <param-value>classpath*:/conf/springMVC.xml</param-value>  -->
	<!-- 以上三种形式也可以 -->
	<param-value>classpath:conf/springMVC.xml</param-value>
</init-param>

四：添加springMVC配置文件

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1. <?xmlversion="1.0"encoding="UTF-8"?> 
2. <beans xmlns="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans" 
3.     xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"xmlns:p="http://www.springframework.org/schema/p" 
4.     xmlns:context="http://www.springframework.org/schema/context" 
5.     xmlns:mvc="http://www.springframework.org/schema/mvc" 
6.     default-lazy-init="true" 
7.     xsi:schemaLocation="   
8.     http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans    
9.     http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans/spring-beans-3.0.xsd   
10.     http://www.springframework.org/schema/context   
11.     http://www.springframework.org/schema/context/spring-context-3.0.xsd   
12.     http://www.springframework.org/schema/mvc   
13.     http://www.springframework.org/schema/mvc/spring-mvc-3.0.xsd   
14.     "> 
15.  
16.     <!-- 默认扫描的包路径 --> 
17.     <context:component-scanbase-package="com.itmyhome"/> 
18.  
19.     <!-- 添加注解驱动 --> 
20.     <mvc:annotation-driven/> 
21.  
22.     <!-- 定义跳转的文件的前后缀 --> 
23.     <beanid="viewResolver" 
24.         class="org.springframework.web.servlet.view.InternalResourceViewResolver"> 
25.         <propertyname="prefix"value="/"/>  <!-- 默认放在WebRoot下 --> 
26.         <propertyname="suffix"value=".jsp"/>  
27.     </bean> 
28. </beans> 

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<beans xmlns="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans"
	xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xmlns:p="http://www.springframework.org/schema/p"
	xmlns:context="http://www.springframework.org/schema/context"
	xmlns:mvc="http://www.springframework.org/schema/mvc"
	default-lazy-init="true"
	xsi:schemaLocation="  
    http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans   
    http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans/spring-beans-3.0.xsd  
    http://www.springframework.org/schema/context  
    http://www.springframework.org/schema/context/spring-context-3.0.xsd  
    http://www.springframework.org/schema/mvc  
    http://www.springframework.org/schema/mvc/spring-mvc-3.0.xsd  
    ">

	<!-- 默认扫描的包路径 -->
	<context:component-scan base-package="com.itmyhome" />

	<!-- 添加注解驱动 -->
	<mvc:annotation-driven />

	<!-- 定义跳转的文件的前后缀 -->
	<bean id="viewResolver"
		class="org.springframework.web.servlet.view.InternalResourceViewResolver">
		<property name="prefix" value="/" />  <!-- 默认放在WebRoot下 -->
		<property name="suffix" value=".jsp" /> 
	</bean>
</beans>

PS：<context:component-scan base-package="com.itmyhome" />

base-package后的内容只是包路径，千万不能把类名也写出来 比如com.itmyhome.Login

否则会报如下错误

警告: No mapping found for HTTP request with URI [/spring001/login] in DispatcherServlet with name 'springMVC'

五：后台Action

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1. package com.itmyhome; 
2.  
3. import org.springframework.stereotype.Controller; 
4. import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.RequestMapping; 
5.  
6. @Controller 
7. public class Login { 
8.  
9.     @RequestMapping(value="login") 
10.     public String login(){ 
11.         System.out.println("*******已经进入*********"); 
12.         return "welcome"; //即返回welcome.jsp 
13.     } 
14. } 

package com.itmyhome;

import org.springframework.stereotype.Controller;
import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.RequestMapping;

@Controller
public class Login {

	@RequestMapping(value="login")
	public String login(){
		System.out.println("*******已经进入*********");
		return "welcome";  //即返回welcome.jsp
	}
}

六：返回JSP

新建welcome.jsp 里面随便写点内容 如：Hello springMVC!

最后在浏览器中输入地址 验证 如图：

工程目录如下：