Image -- Head first into HTML

本文详细阐述了网页中图像的正确使用方法,包括浏览器如何处理<img>元素、创建缩略图以提升用户体验、选择合适的图片尺寸、利用相对路径与URL、提供替代文本以及调整图像大小等关键步骤。

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How image works behind scene


1. Browsers treat <img> elements a little differently than other HTML elements; after reading the HTML page, the browser retrieves each image from the web server and displays it.


2. If you have more than a couple of large images on a web page, you can make your web page more usable and faster to download by creating thumbnails—small images that the user can click on to see the large version of the image.


3. A width of less than 800 pixels is a good rule of thumb for the size of photo images in a web page. Most photo images that are created by digital cameras are too large for web pages, so you’ll need to resize them.


4. Images that are too large for the browser make web pages difficult to use and slow to download and display.


5. Images can be used as links to other web pages. To create a link from an image, use the <img> element as the content of an <a> element, and put the link in the href attribute of the <a> element.







Use relative path 


Use URL




Always provide an alternative


Size up your images(if you don't add these attributes, the browser will decide it for you)


but the browser has to retrieve the entire large image before it scales it down to fit your page you can edit it before you load it


You could use the width and height attributes to resize an image, but that’s not a good idea. Why? Because if you do that,
you’re still downloading the full-size image, and making the browser do the work to resize the image (just like when you have
the auto resize option on in browsers that support that feature). The width and height attributes are really there to help the browser
figure out how much space to reserve for the image; if you use them, they should match the actual width and height of the image








<!DOCTYPE html> <html lang="zh-CN"> <head> <meta charset="UTF-8"> <meta name="viewport" content="width=device-width, initial-scale=1.0"> <title>简约图片轮播展示器</title> <style> /* 全局重置 */ * { margin: 0; padding: 0; box-sizing: border-box; } /* 页面基础样式 */ body { font-family: 'Segoe UI', Tahoma, Geneva, Verdana, sans-serif; background: #f0f2f5; /* 简约的浅灰色背景 */ min-height: 100vh; display: flex; justify-content: center; align-items: center; padding: 0px; } /* 轮播主容器 */ .carousel-container { max-width: 80%; width: 100%; overflow: hidden; border-radius: 12px; box-shadow: 0 5px 15px rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.08); /* 微妙的阴影 */ margin: 0 auto; } /* 轮播轨道 */ .carousel { display: flex; transition: transform 0.6s cubic-bezier(0.25, 0.1, 0.25, 1); height: 400px; } /* 轮播项 */ .carousel-item { min-width: 25%; /* 默认每屏显示4张 */ height: 100%; position: relative; overflow: hidden; transition: transform 0.3s; } /* 图片悬停效果 */ .carousel-item:hover { transform: scale(1.03); z-index: 2; } /* 图片样式 */ .carousel-item img { width: 100%; height: 100%; object-fit: cover; display: block; } /* 图片信息面板 */ .image-info { position: absolute; height: 190px; /* 统一高度 */ bottom: 0; left: 0; right: 0; background: rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.75); color: white; padding: 15px; transform: translateY(0); transition: transform 0.3s ease; } /* 悬停时显示信息 */ .carousel-item:hover .image-info { transform: translateY(100%); } /* 信息标题 */ .image-info h3 { margin-bottom: 5px; font-size: 1.1rem; font-weight: 600; } /* 信息描述 */ .image-info p { font-size: 0.9rem; opacity: 0.9; } /* 控制按钮容器 */ .carousel-controls { display: flex; justify-content: center; gap: 15px; margin-top: 25px; } /* 简约按钮样式 */ .control-btn { background: #000; color: #fff; border: 2px solid #e0e0e0; padding: 10px 25px; border-radius: 8px; cursor: pointer; font-size: 0.95rem; font-weight: 600; transition: all 0.3s; min-width: 120px; } /* 按钮悬停效果 */ .control-btn:hover { background: #fff; border-color: #000; color: #000; } /* 按钮活动状态 */ .control-btn:active { transform: translateY(1px); } /* 指示器容器 */ .indicator { display: flex; justify-content: center; gap: 10px; margin-top: 20px; padding: 5px; } /* 指示点样式 */ .indicator-dot { width: 12px; height: 12px; border-radius: 50%; background: #fff; cursor: pointer; transition: all 0.3s; } /* 当前激活的指示点 */ .indicator-dot.active { background: #000; transform: scale(1.2); } /* 响应式设计 */ @media (max-width: 900px) { .carousel-item { min-width: 33.333%; /* 中等屏幕每屏显示3张 */ } } @media (max-width: 700px) { .carousel-item { min-width: 50%; /* 小屏幕每屏显示2张 */ } .carousel { height: 350px; } } @media (max-width: 500px) { .carousel-item { min-width: 100%; /* 超小屏幕每屏显示1张 */ } .carousel { height: 300px; } .carousel-controls { flex-wrap: wrap; } .control-btn { min-width: 100px; padding: 8px 15px; } } </style> </head> <body> <!-- 轮播主容器 --> <div class="carousel-container"> <!-- 轮播轨道 --> <div class="carousel"> <!-- 轮播项1 --> <div class="carousel-item"> <img src="https://www.fetchingpack.com/wp-content/uploads/2025/06/Lamination-Gloss_Matte1_compressed.png" alt="Lamination (Gloss/Matte)"> <div class="image-info"> <h3>Lamination (Gloss/Matte)</h3> <p>– Applying a thin plastic film over the printed sheet to enhance scratch resistance, moisture protection and overall durability. Gloss lamination yields a shiny surface, while matte lamination gives a low-sheen, soft-touch effect.</p> </div> </div> <!-- 轮播项2 --> <div class="carousel-item"> <img src="https://www.fetchingpack.com/wp-content/uploads/2025/06/UV-Coating-Spot_Overall_compressed.png" alt="UV Coating (Spot/Overall)"> <div class="image-info"> <h3>UV Coating (Spot/Overall)</h3> <p>– Spreading a liquid UV-curable varnish onto either selected areas (spot UV) or the entire sheet, then instantly curing it under UV light. Creates high gloss and tactile contrast.</p> </div> </div> <!-- 轮播项3 --> <div class="carousel-item"> <img src="https://www.fetchingpack.com/wp-content/uploads/2025/06/Hot-Foil-Stamping_compressed.png" alt="Hot Foil Stamping"> <div class="image-info"> <h3>Hot Foil Stamping</h3> <p>– Transferring metallic or pigmented foil onto specific areas of the print using heat and pressure. Delivers a premium metallic sheen (gold, silver, colored foils) for logos or decorative accents.</p> </div> </div> <!-- 轮播项4 --> <div class="carousel-item"> <img src="https://www.fetchingpack.com/wp-content/uploads/2025/06/Embossing-_-Debossing1_compressed.png" alt="Embossing / Debossing"> <div class="image-info"> <h3>Embossing / Debossing</h3> <p>– Pressing the paper between male and female dies to create a raised (emboss) or recessed (deboss) 3D relief. Adds tactile interest and a sense of depth.</p> </div> </div> <!-- 轮播项5 --> <div class="carousel-item"> <img src="https://www.fetchingpack.com/wp-content/uploads/2025/06/Die-Cutting_compressed.png" alt="Die-Cutting"> <div class="image-info"> <h3>Die-Cutting</h3> <p>– Using a custom-made metal die to cut the printed sheet into precise shapes or create windows/slots. Essential for producing custom box shapes, hang-tabs, or intricate cut-outs.</p> </div> </div> <!-- 轮播项6 --> <div class="carousel-item"> <img src="https://www.fetchingpack.com/wp-content/uploads/2025/06/Creasing-Folding-Crease_compressed.png" alt="Creasing (Folding Crease)"> <div class="image-info"> <h3>Creasing (Folding Crease)</h3> <p>– Impressing a crease line on the sheet to facilitate clean, accurate folds without cracking the coating or ink. Critical for boxes, folders, and other folded structures.</p> </div> </div> <!-- 轮播项7 --> <div class="carousel-item"> <img src="https://www.fetchingpack.com/wp-content/uploads/2025/06/Spot-UV-Emboss-Combination_compressed.png" alt="Spot UV + Emboss Combination"> <div class="image-info"> <h3>Spot UV + Emboss Combination</h3> <p>– First applying spot UV coating, then embossing the same area to create a shiny, raised element. Enhances both visual shine and tactile relief simultaneously.</p> </div> </div> <!-- 轮播项8 --> <div class="carousel-item"> <img src="https://www.fetchingpack.com/wp-content/uploads/2025/06/Laser-Finishing-Holographic-Etch-Combination_compressed.png" alt="Laser Finishing + Holographic Etch Combination"> <div class="image-info"> <h3>Laser Finishing + Holographic Etch Combination</h3> <p>– First using a focused laser beam to engrave microscopic holographic patterns onto foil or film, then sealing the treated surface through heat or UV curing to lock in the effect. Creates vivid, color-shifting visuals that shimmer with every change in viewing angle and imparts subtle textural relief, adding a futuristic premium look and an effective anti-counterfeiting feature.</p> <p>• Pearlescent varnish for shimmering, iridescent highlights</p> <p>• Matte varnish for a soft, low-gloss finish</p> <p>• Scented varnish that releases fragrance when touched</p> </div> </div> </div> <!-- 控制按钮 --> <div class="carousel-controls"> <button class="control-btn" id="prevBtn">Previous</button> <button class="control-btn" id="nextBtn">next</button> <button class="control-btn" id="autoBtn">暂停轮播</button> </div> <!-- 指示器 --> <div class="indicator"> <div class="indicator-dot active" data-index="0"></div> <div class="indicator-dot" data-index="1"></div> <div class="indicator-dot" data-index="2"></div> <div class="indicator-dot" data-index="3"></div> </div> </div> <script> // 当文档加载完成后执行 document.addEventListener('DOMContentLoaded', function() { // 获取DOM元素 const carousel = document.querySelector('.carousel'); const items = document.querySelectorAll('.carousel-item'); const prevBtn = document.getElementById('prevBtn'); const nextBtn = document.getElementById('nextBtn'); const autoBtn = document.getElementById('autoBtn'); const dots = document.querySelectorAll('.indicator-dot'); // 初始化变量 let currentIndex = 0; let itemsPerView = calculateItemsPerView(); let autoPlayInterval; let isAutoPlay = true; // 计算当前视图显示的项目数 function calculateItemsPerView() { const width = window.innerWidth; if (width <= 500) return 1; if (width <= 700) return 2; if (width <= 900) return 3; return 4; } // 更新轮播位置 function updateCarousel() { // 计算每个项目的宽度百分比 const itemWidth = 100 / itemsPerView; // 计算偏移量 const offset = -currentIndex * itemWidth; // 应用转换效果 carousel.style.transform = `translateX(${offset}%)`; // 更新指示点状态 dots.forEach((dot, index) => { dot.classList.toggle('active', index === currentIndex); }); } // 下一张 function nextSlide() { // 计算最大索引 const maxIndex = items.length - itemsPerView; // 更新当前索引(循环) currentIndex = currentIndex >= maxIndex ? 0 : currentIndex + 1; updateCarousel(); } // 上一张 function prevSlide() { // 计算最大索引 const maxIndex = items.length - itemsPerView; // 更新当前索引(循环) currentIndex = currentIndex <= 0 ? maxIndex : currentIndex - 1; updateCarousel(); } // 自动轮播 function startAutoPlay() { if (isAutoPlay) { // 设置轮播间隔 autoPlayInterval = setInterval(nextSlide, 3000); // 更新按钮文本 autoBtn.textContent = 'stop'; } } // 停止自动轮播 function stopAutoPlay() { // 清除轮播间隔 clearInterval(autoPlayInterval); // 更新按钮文本 autoBtn.textContent = 'start'; } // 切换自动轮播状态 function toggleAutoPlay() { // 反转自动播放状态 isAutoPlay = !isAutoPlay; if (isAutoPlay) { startAutoPlay(); } else { stopAutoPlay(); } } // 初始化轮播 function init() { // 计算每屏显示数量 itemsPerView = calculateItemsPerView(); // 更新轮播位置 updateCarousel(); // 开始自动播放 startAutoPlay(); } // 事件监听器 nextBtn.addEventListener('click', () => { nextSlide(); // 如果自动播放已暂停,则停止轮播 if (!isAutoPlay) stopAutoPlay(); }); prevBtn.addEventListener('click', () => { prevSlide(); // 如果自动播放已暂停,则停止轮播 if (!isAutoPlay) stopAutoPlay(); }); autoBtn.addEventListener('click', toggleAutoPlay); // 为每个指示点添加点击事件 dots.forEach(dot => { dot.addEventListener('click', () => { // 获取并设置当前索引 currentIndex = parseInt(dot.getAttribute('data-index')); updateCarousel(); // 如果自动播放已暂停,则停止轮播 if (!isAutoPlay) stopAutoPlay(); }); }); // 窗口大小变化时重新计算 window.addEventListener('resize', () => { // 重新计算每屏显示数量 itemsPerView = calculateItemsPerView(); // 更新轮播位置 updateCarousel(); }); // 初始化轮播 init(); }); </script> </body> </html> 这个代码为什么修改了网页的字体样式,怎么修改可以让这个代码不影响网页的字体样式
06-14
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