python一点通: 一文讲清Post 和 Put操作区别!

本文讲述了在Web开发中POST和PUTHTTP方法的区别,POST用于创建新资源,非幂等;PUT用于更新或创建资源(幂等),强调理解两者在API设计中的关键作用以保证数据完整性和应用稳定性。
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当我们使用网络服务时,如果我们不能小心地区分 POST 和 PUT,有时可能会触发错误。

在 Web 开发世界中,特别是在处理 RESTful API 时,HTTP 方法 POST 和 PUT 经常被使用,但常常被误解。这两者都用于向服务器发送数据,但它们服务于不同的目的并遵循不同的规则。

POST:创建新资源

定义

  • POST 用于在服务器上创建一个新资源。

幂等性

  • POST 请求是非幂等的,这意味着多个相同的 POST 请求通常会产生不同的结果。

使用示例

  • 想象你正在开发一个博客平台。当用户编写新的博客文章时,你会使用 POST 请求将这个新的帖子数据发送到服务器。每次发出 POST 请求时,都会创建一个新的博客帖子。
  • 示例请求:使用请求正文中的新帖子数据,发出 POST /api/blogPosts

PUT:更新现有资源

定义

  • PUT 用于更新现有资源,或者如果不存在,则根据提供的标识符创建一个新资源。

幂等性

  • PUT 请求是幂等的。这意味着如果你多次进行相同的 PUT 请求,结果将与只做一次相同。

使用示例

  • 继续博客平台的场景,如果用户想要编辑现有的博客帖子,就会发出 PUT 请求。这个请求将携带更新的数据和帖子的唯一标识符(比如它的 ID)。
  • 示例请求:使用请求正文中的更新后的帖子数据,发出 PUT /api/blogPosts/123,其中 123 是帖子的 ID。

主要区别

  • 主要功能:POST 创建,PUT 更新(或在缺失时创建)。
  • 幂等性:POST 是非幂等的,PUT 是幂等的。
  • URL 使用:在 POST 中,URL 通常指向一个集合(例如,/api/blogPosts),而 PUT 指向集合中的特定项目(例如,/api/blogPosts/123)。

结论

理解 POST 和 PUT 之间的区别对于构建有效和符合标准的网络应用至关重要。通过适当地使用每种方法,开发者可以确保他们的 API 直观且可预测,从而带来更好的数据完整性和更容易的维护。

阅读英文

put vs post

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