09. Spring Boot Controller 接受参数的几种常用方式

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本文详细介绍了Spring MVC中处理HTTP请求参数的不同方式，包括使用@PathVariable从URL路径中获取参数，@RequestParam用于处理查询参数，@RequestBody用于接收请求体中的JSON数据，@RequestHeader用于获取请求头信息，以及@CookieValue用于读取Cookie值。示例代码展示了如何在实际应用中使用这些注解。

1. 接受参数的几种常用方式

请求路径参数

@PathVariable

获取路径参数。即utl/{id}这种形式

// 访问路径：http://localhost:8080/hello/5
@RequestMapping(value = "hello/{id}", method = RequestMethod.GET)
public JsonResult hello(@PathVariable Integer id) {
    return JsonResult.success(null);
}

@RequestParam

获取查询参数。即url?name=形式

// 访问路径：http://localhost:8080/hello/hello?id=5
@RequestMapping(value = "/hello", method = RequestMethod.GET)
public JsonResult hello(@RequestParam("id") Integer id)  {
    return JsonResult.success(null);
}

如果传入的参数为空，可以设置为默认的

// 访问路径：http://localhost:8080/hello/hello?id=5
@RequestMapping(value = "/hello", method = RequestMethod.GET)
public JsonResult hello(@RequestParam(value = "id", required = false, defaultValue = 5) Integer id)  {
    return JsonResult.success(null);
}

Body参数@RequestBody

@RequestMapping(value = "/hello", method = RequestMethod.POST)
public JsonResult hello(@RequestBody Person person) {
    return JsonResult.success(null);
}

请求头参数以及Cookie：@RequestHeader、@CookieValue

@RequestMapping(value = "/hello", method = RequestMethod.POST)
public JsonResult hello(@RequestHeader(name = "myHeader") String myHeader, @CookieValue(name = "myCookie") String myCookie) {
    return JsonResult.success(null);
}

2. 示例

获取当前登录人账号

@RequestMapping(value = "/hello", method = RequestMethod.POST)
public JsonResult hello(@RequestHeader(name = "loginUserId") String loginUserId){
    return JsonResult.success(null);
}

获取request和response

@RequestMapping(value = "/hello", method = RequestMethod.POST)
public JsonResult hello(HttpServletRequest request, HttpServletResponse response){
    return JsonResult.success(null);
}