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Chapter2 Database Environment2.1The Three-Level ANSI-SPARC Architecturethe ANSI-SPARC (the american national standards institute (ANSI)Standards Planning and Requirement Committee(SPARC))architect

CREATE TABLE players(playerno int not null,namechar(15) not null,initials char(3) not null,birth_date date,sex char(1) not null,joined smallint not null,street varchar(30) not null,h

Chapter7 SQL:Data Definition7.1.2SQL Scalar Data TypesBoolean dataCharacter dataBit dataThe format for specifying the bit data:BIT[VARYING][length]7.1.2Exact Numeric DataAn exact numer

Chapter1 Introduction to Databases1.1IntroductionFor the purpose of this discussion,we consider database to be a collection ofrelate data and a database base management system to be the software

Chapter3 Database Architecuture and the Web3.1.6Middlewareis a generic term used to describe software that mediates with othersoftware and allow for communication between disparate applications

Chapter4 The Relational Model4.2TerminologyAn relational model is based on the mathematical concept of a relation,whichis phycisally represented as a table.4.2.1Relational Data Structurewe d

Chapter5 Relational Algebra and Relational Calculus5.1The Relational AlgebraThe relational algebra is a theoretical language with operations that work onone or more relations to define another r

Chapter6 SQL:Data ManipulationThrough this and the next two chapters,we use the following extended form ofthe Backus Naur Form(BNF) notation to define SQL statements:• uppercase letters are used