【Oracle】ORACLE-ASM安装

Oracle-ASM安装步骤详解

原创于 2025-07-28 07:22:15 发布 · 352 阅读

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一安装CENTOS 6.6以及相关配置、关闭防火墙、配置YUM源在这里省略请参照之前的文档

二配置先决条件的yum源

yum install -y bc
yum install -y compat-libcap1*
yum install -y compat-libcap*
yum install -y binutils 
yum install -y compat-libstdc++-33 
yum install -y elfutils-libelf 
yum install -y elfutils-libelf-devel 
yum install -y gcc 
yum install -y gcc-c++ 
yum install -y glibc-2.5 
yum install -y glibc-common 
yum install -y glibc-devel 
yum install -y glibc-headers 
yum install -y ksh libaio 
yum install -y libaio-devel 
yum install -y libgcc 
yum install -y libstdc++ 
yum install -y libstdc++-devel 
yum install -y make 
yum install -y sysstat 
yum install -y unixODBC 
yum install -y unixODBC-devel
yum install -y binutils*
yum install -y compat-libstdc*
yum install -y elfutils-libelf*
yum install -y gcc*
yum install -y glibc*
yum install -y ksh*
yum install -y libaio*
yum install -y libgcc*
yum install -y libstdc*
yum install -y make*
yum install -y sysstat*
yum install -y libXp*
yum install -y glibc-kernheaders
yum install -y net-tools-*
yum install -y iscsi-initiator-utils
yum install -y udev

三内核参数

vi /etc/sysctl.conf
kernel.shmmax = 277495689510912
kernel.shmmni = 4096
kernel.sem = 250 32000 100 128
net.core.rmem_default = 262144
net.core.rmem_max = 4194304
net.core.wmem_default = 262144
net.core.wmem_max = 1048586
fs.file-max = 6815744
kernel.shmall = 4294967296
net.ipv4.tcp_max_tw_buckets = 6000
net.ipv4.ip_local_port_range = 9000 65500
net.ipv4.tcp_tw_recycle = 0
net.ipv4.tcp_tw_reuse = 1
net.core.somaxconn = 262144
net.core.netdev_max_backlog = 262144
net.ipv4.tcp_max_orphans = 262144
net.ipv4.tcp_max_syn_backlog = 262144
net.ipv4.tcp_synack_retries = 2
net.ipv4.tcp_syn_retries = 1
net.ipv4.tcp_fin_timeout = 1
net.ipv4.tcp_keepalive_time = 30
net.ipv4.tcp_keepalive_probes = 6
net.ipv4.tcp_keepalive_intvl = 5
net.ipv4.tcp_timestamps = 0
fs.aio-max-nr = 1048576
net.ipv4.conf.all.rp_filter = 2
net.ipv4.conf.default.rp_filter = 2

sysctl -p 生成系统参数

四.添加下列参数到/etc/security/limits.conf

vim /etc/security/limits.conf

oracle   soft   nofile    1024
oracle   hard   nofile    65536
oracle   soft   nproc    16384
oracle   hard   nproc    16384
oracle   soft   stack    10240
oracle   hard   stack    32768
oracle   hard   memlock    134217728
oracle   soft   memlock    134217728

grid   soft   nofile    1024
grid   hard   nofile    65536
grid   soft   nproc    16384
grid   hard   nproc    16384
grid   soft   stack    10240
grid   hard   stack    32768
grid   hard   memlock    134217728
grid   soft   memlock    134217728

五.添加下列条目到/etc/pam.d/login

vim /etc/pam.d/login

session required /lib/security/pam_limits.so
session required pam_limits.so

六.环境变量中添加下列语句

vim /etc/profile

if [ $USER = "oracle" ] || [ $USER = "grid" ]; then
   if [ $SHELL = "/bin/ksh" ]; then
      ulimit -p 16384
      ulimit -n 65536
      else
      ulimit -u 16384 -n 65536
   fi
fi

七.创建文件目录和相应的用户

#在两个节点增加用户与组：

groupadd -g 601 oinstall
groupadd -g 602 dba
groupadd -g 603 oper
groupadd -g 604 backupdba
groupadd -g 605 dgdba
groupadd -g 606 kmdba
groupadd -g 607 asmdba
groupadd -g 608 asmoper
groupadd -g 609 asmadmin
useradd -u 601 -g oinstall -G asmadmin,asmdba,dba,asmoper grid
useradd -u 602 -g oinstall -G dba,backupdba,dgdba,kmdba,asmadmin,oper,asmdba oracle

passwd grid
passwd oracle

以root用户，创建Oracle Inventory 目录

mkdir -p /u01/app/oraInventory
chown -R grid:oinstall /u01/app/oraInventory
chmod -R 775 /u01/app/oraInventory

以root用户，创建GI HOME目录

mkdir -p /u01/app/grid
mkdir -p /u01/app/12.2.0/grid
chown -R grid:oinstall /u01/app/grid
chmod -R 775 /u01/app/grid
chown -R grid:oinstall /u01/app/12.2.0
chmod -R 775 /u01/app/12.2.0/

以root用户，创建Oracle Base目录

mkdir -p /u01/app/oracle
mkdir /u01/app/oracle/cfgtoollogs 
chown -R oracle:oinstall /u01/app/oracle
chmod -R 775 /u01/app/oracle

以root用户，创建Oracle RDBMS Home目录

mkdir -p /u01/app/oracle/product/12.2.0/db_1
chown -R oracle:oinstall /u01/app/oracle/product/12.2.0/db_1
chmod -R 775 /u01/app/oracle/product/12.2.0/db_1

八.GRID用户好ORACLE用户添加环境变量

su - grid
#grid用户的环境变量如下：
vim ~/.bash_profile
PS1="[`whoami`@`hostname`:"'$PWD]$'
export PS1
umask 022
export TMP=/tmp
export LANG=en_US
export TMPDIR=$TMP
export ORACLE_HOSTNAME=rac3
export ORACLE_SID=+ASM1
export ORACLE_TERM=xterm;
export ORACLE_BASE=/u01/app/grid
export ORACLE_HOME=/u01/app/12.2.0/grid
export NLS_DATE_FORMAT="yyyy-mm-dd HH24:MI:SS"
export TNS_ADMIN=$ORACLE_HOME/network/admin
export LD_LIBRARY_PATH=$ORACLE_HOME/lib:/lib:/usr/lib  
export PATH=.:$PATH:$HOME/bin:$ORACLE_HOME/bin
export THREADS_FLAG=native
if [ $USER = "oracle" ] || [ $USER = "grid" ]; then
        if [ $SHELL = "/bin/ksh" ];then
            ulimit -p 16384
            ulimit -n 65536
        else
            ulimit -u 16384 -n 65536
        fi
    umask 022
fi

source ~/.bash_profile

su - oracle
#oracle用户的环境变量如下：
vim ~/.bash_profile
PS1="[`whoami`@`hostname`:"'$PWD]$'
export PS1
export TMP=/tmp
export LANG=en_US
export TMPDIR=$TMP
export ORACLE_HOSTNAME=oracle-asm
export ORACLE_BASE=/u01/app/oracle
export ORACLE_HOME=/u01/app/oracle/product/12.2.0/db_1
export ORACLE_SID=orcl
export ORACLE_TERM=xterm
export NLS_DATE_FORMAT="yyyy-mm-dd HH24:MI:SS"
export NLS_LANG=AMERICAN_AMERICA.ZHS16GBK
export TNS_ADMIN=$ORACLE_HOME/network/admin
export LD_LIBRARY_PATH=$ORACLE_HOME/lib:/lib:/usr/lib  
export PATH=.:$PATH:$HOME/bin:$ORACLE_BASE/product/12.2.0/db_1/bin:$ORACLE_HOME/bin
export THREADS_FLAG=native;export THREADS_FLAG
if [ $USER = "oracle" ] || [ $USER = "grid" ]; then
        if [ $SHELL = "/bin/ksh" ];then
            ulimit -p 16384
            ulimit -n 65536
        else
            ulimit -u 16384 -n 65536
        fi
    umask 022
fi

source ~/.bash_profile

配置磁盘使用ROOT用户先决条件是已经在虚拟机中添加了两块磁盘驱动器

vi /etc/udev/rules.d/60-raw.rules 
ACTION=="add", KERNEL=="sdb", RUN+="/bin/raw /dev/raw/raw1 %N"
ACTION=="add", KERNEL=="sdc", RUN+="/bin/raw /dev/raw/raw2 %N"
ACTION=="add", KERNEL=="raw[1-5]",OWNER="grid",GROUP="oinstall",MODE="660"