BeanFactory not initialized or already closed - call 'refresh' before accessing beans via the Applic

在spring中测试的时候,出现如下错误:

Exception in thread "main" java.lang.IllegalStateException: BeanFactory not initialized or already closed - call 'refresh' before accessing beans via the ApplicationContext

at org.springframework.context.support.AbstractRefreshableApplicationContext.getBeanFactory(AbstractRefreshableApplicationContext.java:153)
    at org.springframework.context.support.AbstractApplicationContext.getBean(AbstractApplicationContext.java:880)
    at com.bjsxt.service.UserServiceTest.testAdd(UserServiceTest.java:18)
    at com.bjsxt.service.UserServiceTest.main(UserServiceTest.java:26)

源码:

public void testAdd() {
        ApplicationContext act = new ClassPathXmlApplicationContext();
        
        UserService service = (UserService) act.getBean("userService");
        User u = new User();
        u.setUsername("zhangsan");
        u.setPassword("pwd");
        service.add(u);
    }

错误提示为:IllegalStateException

这里需要在ClassPathXmlApplicationContext添加一个参数,

把

ApplicationContext act = new ClassPathXmlApplicationContext();

改为:

ApplicationContext act = new ClassPathXmlApplicationContext("beans.xml");

即可